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Cystectomy for bladder cancer in Sweden - short-term outcomes after centralization

OBJECTIVE: Radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer is associated with an inherent risk of complications and even postoperative mortality. The number of hospitals performing RC has decreased in Sweden over time, and since a formal regional centralization in 2017 cystectomy care is currently provided by nine hospitals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the Swedish National Urinary Bladder Cancer Register

Investigating the amplitude and rotation of the phase spiral in the Milky Way outer disc

Context. With data releases from the astrometric space mission Gaia, exploration of the structure of the Milky Way is now possible in unprecedented detail, and has unveiled many previously unknown structures in the Galactic disc and halo. One such feature is the Gaia phase spiral where the stars in the Galactic disc form a spiral density pattern in the Z- VZ plane. Many questions regarding the pha

Out of the tropics : Macroevolutionary size trends in an old insect order are shaped by temperature and predators

Aim: Global interspecific body size distributions have been suggested to be shaped by selection pressures arising from biotic and abiotic factors such as temperature, predation and parasitism. Here, we investigated the ecological and evolutionary drivers of global latitudinal size gradients in an old insect order. Location: Global. Taxon: Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies). Methods: We compiled

The glycaemic index: importance of dietary fibre and other food properties

An increasing body of evidence suggests that a low-glycaemic-index (GI) diet has a therapeutic as well as a preventive potential in relation to the insulin resistance syndrome. The implementation of a low-GI diet, however, will require an extended list of low-GI foods to be available on the market. The tailoring of low-GI bread products offers a particular challenge due to their generally high GI

Naturmiljöer och Vandringsleder för Alla - Framtagandet av en universellt utformad vandringsapplikation

Ungefär en tredjedel av Sveriges befolkning är friluftsaktiva i skog- och mark minst en gång i veckan. Detta intresse ökar för varje år, och under Covid-19-pandemin nådde andelen friluftsintresserade nya höjder där femtio procent av Sveriges totala befolkning aktivt deltog i utomhusaktiviteter. Men, även fast intresse för utemiljöer och naturupplevelser finns, har alla inte samma möjlighet att ta About a third of Sweden's population is active outdoors in forests and fields at least once a week. This interest increases every year, and during the Covid-19 pandemic the percentage of people interested in the outdoors reached new heights where fifty percent of Sweden's total population actively participated in outdoor activities. But, even if there is a strong interest in outdoor enviro

Self-adjuvanted cancer vaccine administered as a fusion protein

En vanlig orsak till dödsfall globalt sett är cancer, och det har varit ett intensivt forskningsområde under de senaste årtiondena med inriktning på biomedicinsk forskning. Det finns tre vanliga etablerade cancerbehandlingar som är kirurgi, cellgiftsbehandling och strålbehandling. Även om dessa behandlingar förlänger överlevnadstiden för patienterna, så är de ofta otillräckliga vid behandling av cCancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and despite the effectiveness of established treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, they may prove inadequate in advanced stages. These treatments can cause severe side effects, such as immune suppression and damage to healthy cells, which can lead to resistance and hinder treatment effectiveness. Immunotherapy is another estab

Quality Control for high-throughput Quantitative Proteomics - Harnessing the potential of label-free LC-MS

Popular Abstract in Swedish Sedan kartläggningen av det mänskliga genomet, har mer fokus lagts på dess produkt, proteomet, som definieras som de proteiner som uttrycks i en cell vid en viss tidpunkt. Proteomets dynamiska egenskaper gör det till en fantastisk källa för så kallade biomarkörer, det vill säga molekyler som genom deras koncentrationsmönster kan användas för att särskilja sjuka och frisMultiplex protein quantification, proteomics, is essential for uncovering new biomarkers and understanding biology. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is the predominant technique for these measurements. In this thesis, optimization and quality control strategies for different phases of the LC-MS pipeline have been developed. Due to the inherent complexity and dynamic rang

Flight Behaviour of Passerines on Nocturnal Migration

Popular Abstract in Swedish Varje höst flyttar miljontals småfåglar från Sverige till sydligare breddgrader där de spenderar vintern, och varje vår flyger de tillbaka hit för att häcka. Trots att de är så många passerar småfåglarnas flyttning obemärkt för de allra flesta av oss. När de flyttar flyger nämligen flertalet fåglar nattetid och dessutom på hög höjd. Med hjälp av en specialbyggd radarsta

Pharmacokinetics of the enantiomers of thalidomide

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det finns ett ökat intresse för behandling med talidomid. Därför var målsättningen med detta avhandlingsarbete att åstadkomma en mer ändamålsenlig användning. Några kemiska och farmakologiska aspekter med speciell inriktning på omsättningen av talidomid i människokroppen studerades. Historien om talidomid (Neurosedyn; varumärke i Sverige) är ett tragiskt kapitel i läkeThalidomide has a chiral center and the racemate of (+)-(R) and (-)-(S)-thalidomide was introduced as a hypnotic/sedative drug in 1957. In 1961 it was withdrawn due to teratogenicity and neuropathy. There is a growing interest in thalidomide treatment of immunomodulatory diseases. Given this renewed interest the aim of this thesis was to achieve a more rational use of thalidomide. Therefore some c

Hemodilution with dextran: Effects on blood flow and thrombus formation. An experimental study in the rabbit

Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Plastikkirurgi och rekonstruktiv kirurgi syftar till att återskapa form och funktion i kroppens yttre vävnader, efter större defekter orsakade av t.ex. trafikolyckor, brännskador eller tumöroperationer. Sedan länge har man använt förflyttning av hud (hudtransplantat) och rotation eller förflyttning av större vävnadsområden med bibehålMicrovascular surgery enables free tissue flaps to cover tissue defects, e.g. after trauma and malignancies. Although major improvements in techniques have been made, problems with poor tissue circulation and thrombus formation still exist. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of hemodilution on tissue blood flow and thrombus formation in an animal model. In isovolemic hemodilutio

Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies six novel loci associated with habitual coffee consumption.

Coffee, a major dietary source of caffeine, is among the most widely consumed beverages in the world and has received considerable attention regarding health risks and benefits. We conducted a genome-wide (GW) meta-analysis of predominately regular-type coffee consumption (cups per day) among up to 91 462 coffee consumers of European ancestry with top single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) followe

Building Performance - Methods for Improved Prediction and Verification of Energy Use and Indoor Climate

Popular Abstract in Swedish Byggnadsprestanda – Metoder för förbättrad prediktering och verifiering av energianvändning och inneklimat Hans Bagge, Byggnadsfysik LTH Introduktion För att kunna minska utsläpp av växthusgaser och rädda klimatet på jorden är det av yttersta vikt att vi kan bygga byggnader med låg energianvändning och bra inneklimat. Byggnader står i dagsläget för mellan 30 och 40 %Reducing CO2 emissions is one of the most important goals in Europe as well as the rest of the world. To reach that goal, the use of energy must be reduced. Thus, the building industry is facing a great challenge. Not only energy efficiency but also sustainability is desirable in the building stock. This thesis presents and suggests methods that can be used to improve prediction and verification o

Skin toxicity and quality of life in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer during first-line panitumumab plus FOLFIRI treatment in a single-arm phase II study

Background: Integument-related toxicities are common during epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy. Panitumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the EGFR that significantly improves progression-free survival when added to chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have wild-type (WT) KRAS tumours. Primary efficacy and tolerability results from a

Molecular Mechanisms in Amyloid Disorders. Novel Treatment Options in Hereditary Cystatin C Amyloid Angiopathy.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Ett felaktigt protein som klumpar ihop sig i hjärnans blodkärl är orsaken till hjärnblödning och för tidig död hos unga islänningar. Sjukdomen är ärftlig och uppkommer på grund av en enda felaktig byggsten, orsakad av en mutation, i proteinet cystatin C. Det muterade proteinet bildar mikroskopiska proteinkedjor, fibriller, som klumpar ihop sig i bland annat hjärnans blo

Nursing staff competence, work strain, stress and satisfaction in elderly care: a comparison of home-based care and nursing homes

Aims. The aims of this study were to: (1) compare older people care nursing staff's perceptions of their competence, work strain and work satisfaction in nursing homes and home-based care; and (2) to examine determinants of work satisfaction in both care settings. Background. The shift in older people care from hospitals to community-based facilities and home care has had implications for nursing