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Throughout the last decades, the social responsibility of corporations has undergone significant changes. From revolving around self-regulation, voluntariness, and soft law, the regulatory landscape has expanded to involve harder demands on corporations, such as mandatory sustainability due diligence. This thesis considers these changes as a hardening of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and
Three major cellulases, cellobiohydrolase I and II (CBH I and II) and endoglucanase II (EG II) of Trichoderma reesei have been purified by ion-exchange chromatography in an FPLC system. Microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) was hydrolysed by the single enzymes and by equimolar mixtures of CBH I-CBH II and CBH I-EG II. Enzyme adsorption was followed indirectly by selectively quantifying the en
Huvudregeln för bestämmandet av hyran i svensk rätt är att hyran ska vara till beloppet bestämd av parterna i avtalet. Bestämmelsen återfinns i 12 kap. 19 § Jordabalken (1970:994). Som undantag till detta kan hyran för lokal antingen bestämmas genom en omsättningsklausul, genom klausuler för el, värme och vatten eller genom annan beräkningsgrund. Vid avtal som strider mot paragrafen framgår enligtThe main rule for determining the rent in Swedish rental law is that the rent shall be for the amount determined. The provision is found in the 12 chapter 19 § Jordabalken (1970: 994). As exceptions, the rent for a local can either be determined by a turnover clause, by electricity, heat and water clauses or by other calculation basis. In the event of an agreement that goes against the paragraph,
Abstract The unprecedented fast-changing environment, embracing new information, manufacturing and process technologies in the context of the increasing globalisation of product and service market has had significant effect on the nature of work and subsequently affected career management of employees. Organizations today embark on many changes internally and externally in order to strengthen ther
What is a, in the school, participating parent? That is the main question of this essay and study. The study involves interviews with 19 parents of children in the age 10-13, in the Karlshamn-region in Blekinge. Two schools in the region were included: one in the centre of the town Karlshamn and one in a smaller community on the countryside, outside Karlshamn. We also met with the principals of th
De utanförstående arbetstagarna är en grupp som växer på arbetsmarknaden, men som under en lång tid har varit i en väldigt liten minoritet. En stor del av arbetsrätten kan därför verka vara avsedd för de andra aktörerna på arbetsmarknaden, då behovet av att tillgodose en så liten grupps intressen förmodligen inte har haft lika hög prioritet som andra företeelser på arbetsmarknaden och arbetsrättenEmployees who are not members of a trade union is a group that is growing on the labor market, but for a long time they have been in a very small minority. A substantial part of the labor law would therefore appear to be intended for the other actors on the labor market, since the need to cater to a small group's interests probably have not had as high a priority as other aspects of the labor
Exit taxes represent an expression of state’s sovereignty by taxing value increases of assets, hidden reserves and any untaxed income that arose on its territory. These taxes are triggered before the state of emigration loses its power of taxation as a result of the transfer to the jurisdiction of another state when an individual or company changes residency. The purpose of exit taxes is to protec
Mottagandet av asylsökande ensamkommande barn har blivit en obligatorisk uppgift för kommunerna. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur den nya bestämmelsen påverkar barnets rättsliga ställning. Ensamkommande barn definieras som barn under 18 år som vid ankomsten till Sverige är skilda från båda sina föräldrar eller från någon annan vuxen person som får anses ha trätt i föräldrarnas ställe, ellThe reception of asylum-seeking unaccompanied minors has become a mandatory task for the Swedish municipalities. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how this change in legislation affects the child's legal status. Unaccompanied minors are defined as children under 18 who, upon arrival in Sweden, are separated from both their parents or from another adult who may be considered to have e
Skadestånd vid offentlig upphandling är ett relativt outforskat område i svensk rätt och upphandlingens unika karaktär gör att det inte är möjligt att rakt av plocka lösningar från den övriga skadeståndsrätten. Den här uppsatsen syftar till att utreda upphandlingsskadeståndets karaktär i förhållande till den övriga skadeståndsrätten, dock begränsat till ansvaret för ren förmögenhetsskada i utomoblDamages in public procurement is a relatively unexplored area in Swedish law and the special nature of the procurement procedure means that it is not possible to solve certain issues by looking solely at the established tort law. This paper aims to investigate the character of the liability to pay damages in relation to the rest of the tort law; however, it is limited to the liability for damages
Human rights are paving its way on the international arena. The international recognition that certain rights needs to be protected has grown. One of the ways this can be seen is that today, gross violations of human rights are considered to be a threat to international peace and security in the meaning of Article 39 of the Charter of the United Nations. A threat to the peace in the meaning of the
This thesis deals with the carbon balance in a subarctic landscape at different temporal and spatial scales. Its focus is mainly on the peatland and mountain birch forest (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) ecosystems within the Abisko area in northernmost Sweden. This is an area with a temperature close to the 0 OC mean annual isotherm. The area has during the last 30 years experienced a limited
Energy users who don’t participate in efficiency and conservation programmes despite ongoing outreach are often referred to as ‘Hard-to-Reach’ (HTR). These individuals or organisations can include, e.g., low income or vulnerable households; renters; and small businesses. More effectively engaging HTR audiences is key to ensuring everyone benefits equitably from low-carbon energy transitions and re
The Covid-19 pandemic has fundamentally changed travel patterns to and in urban regions. Destinations have seen a dramatic shift from overtourism to undertourism. This research explores how the pandemic has reconceptualised the relationship between the urban and rural. In particular this paper discusses the relationship between media narratives and tourism flows, and the implications for resilienc
It is argued that we live in a post-industrial society with a transition from the production of goods to services. It is also said we live in a knowledge economy where creation, distribution, use and manipulation of information are significant activities (Dahlbom, 2003). The word industrial has a connotation of mass-production of products and, logically also industrial design has this connotation.
The Russian state-funded news media RT, formerly Russia Today, has since its start in 2005 created a reputation for acting as Kremlin's propaganda machine and part of Russia's political hybrid warfare. Previous research indicates that RT actively conducts psychological influence operations with the aim of legitimise Russia’s politics among the readers. By adopting a theory-developing appro
Transnational actors such as the European Union, encourages and promotes the development of circular economics. The rationale is financially based, but it also comes from a perspective of sustainability. Funding is provided to programmes and projects with this intent in mind. Symbiosis is a concept within circular economics in which public and private actors can utilize each other’s residuals and
Den ökande konkurrensen bland varumärken har höjt trycket på medarbetarnas betydelse för organisationernas externa rykte. Det finns dock begränsad forskning kring medarbetarnas egna upplevelser samt kring hur de själva upplever ambassadörskap. Inom ramen för denna studie, har det genomförts semi-strukturerade intervjuer med visstidsanställda medarbetare för att skapa förståelse för deras roll som
In a democratic system, various party political views are set against each other, i.e. there are opposing positions, for voters to choose between, because in a democratic system the power proceeds from the people. However, national parliaments within the EU are criticised for their democratic deficit, which can be caused by the lack of opposition, a so called opposition deficit. The problem is con
