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The present study is composed of a series of six independent yet related articles treating various aspects of international trade and economic growth. In Chapter two the effects of European Integration (EI) on long-run economic growth is studied. Contrary to earlier empirical results long-run effects of EI are identified. As a development Chapter three examines two potential channels linking EI to
The text brings together the ECtHR and the CPT that are different, but key components of the system of combating torture on the European continent. On the basis of analysis of the historical background of the issue it points out the distancing concept that was followed by the drafters of the ECPT in respect of the relationship of the ECtHR and the CPT. As a result, the latter is not bound by the c
With the scientific evidence for extensive anthropogenic climate change continuously growing stronger, the human dimension of its projected impacts is getting more and more attention. The perhaps clearest example of this is the growing interest in human rights aspects of climate change. Within the United Nations, Maldives - a small island developing country in the Indian Ocean and home to 386,000
Today, biofuel industries are emerging in forms that can offer some unique opportunities to help combating climate change, cope with the emerging energy crisis and also serve to advance rural development for millions of rural poor who could benefit from this new development. Rural opportunities are expected to occur through: a) the generation of new employment and income opportunities and increase
Popular Abstract in Swedish Tack vare den snabba tekniska och digitala utvecklingen under senare år har tomosyntes etablerats som ett nytt och spännande verktyg inom röntgendiagnostiken. Metoden är en vidareutveckling av gammaldags tomografi (skiktröntgen), men är lättare att utföra, ger bättre bilder och dessutom är stråldosen betydligt lägre. Vid tomosyntes gör röntgenröret ett svep över den krThe aims of this thesis were to investigate whether chest tomosynthesis might be used in pulmonary cystic fibrosis, to design and validate a tomosynthesis scoring system, and to determine the effective dose from chest tomosynthesis in children. In a prospective study starting in 2008 clinical chest radiography or computed tomography (CT) were supplemented with a tomosynthesis examination of the l
SV: I januari 2003 fick homosexuella registrerade partners rätt att prövas som adoptivföräldrar i Sverige, i enlighet med en proposition från 2001. Beslutet kom först efter en lång debatt; redan 1986 lades en proposition fram som behandlade frågan och avslog den. Denna uppsats är en studie av de argument som förkommer i propositionerna. Syftet har varit dels att beskriva och analysera de argument
Coastal overwash is the flow of water and sediment over the crest of the beach that does not directly return to the water body, such as the ocean, sea, bay or lake, where it originated. There are two different phases of overwash, runup overwash and inundation overwash. Washover is the sediment transported and deposited inland by overwash process. Coastal overwash may occur either during storm cond
Artikel 101.1 fastställer att avtal eller samordnade förfaranden som har till syfte eller resultat att hindra, begränsa eller snedvrida konkurrensen är förbjudna. På 1960-talet kom två kända avgöranden från EU-domstolen, STM och Consten Grundig, vilka anses ha lagt grunden för bedömningen av artikel 101.1. Genom avgöranden klargjorde domstolen artikelns omfattning och tillämpning. I avgörandena koArticle 101.1 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union provides that all agreements between undertakings or concerted practices, which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition, are prohibited. In 1960 the Court of Justice gave its judgment in STM and Consten Grundig, two decisions which are regarded to have laid the foundation for the as
Issue of study: In decentralised companies, products that are not in the central assortment, but still sold by the subsidiaries are known as local assortment. Understanding the reasons to why local assortment exists is important for the companies to ensure compliance. To have products that comply with laws and regulations are especially vital in the agricultural industry, due to its large personal
The criticism towards agricultural use of sewage sludge tends to occur in ten year cycles; the debate has begun once more. The aim of this study is to evaluate current policy for agricultural use of sewage sludge, by investigating how pollutants within the sludge are affected. Two types of substances; a heavy metal (cadmium) and an organic substance(nonylphenol), are used to illustrate possible st
I amerikansk rättsekonomisk doktrin har under de senaste 40 åren diskuterats huruvida avtalsbrott som medför att den totala välståndsökningen i samhället ökar ska erkännas och kanske till och med uppmuntras av rättsordningen. Den teori som definierar denna fråga kallas the Theory of Efficient Breach – teorin om effektiva avtalsbrott. I denna uppsats studerar författaren vitesklausuler i ljuset av In short, this thesis discusses if liquidated damages clauses can be used as redemption clauses in Sweden and if such use can be defended and explained with the theory of Efficient Breach. Redemption clause is used in the thesis as the term for a liquidated damage clause, where its remedy is paid by a party instead of performing in accordance with the agreement. The thesis consists of a review of
En produkts formgivning är avgörande för hur eftertraktad den blir på marknaden, något som resulterat i att stora resurser läggs ner på att ge pro-dukter ett så tilltalande yttre som möjligt. För att investerade resurser inte ska gå om intet är det viktigt att skydda formgivningen på ett adekvat sätt, vilket t.ex. kan göras med hjälp av olika, till viss del överlappande, im-materialrättsliga skyddA product's design is crucial to how popular it will become on the market. This has resulted in that significant resources are laid down to give products an exterior as attractive as possible. To make sure that the spent resources should not be wrecked, it is important to protect the design adequately. This can e.g. be done by different, partially overlapping, kinds of intellectual property pr
Mountains provide a variety of ecosystem services, such as drinking water, which sustains not only mountain communities but also people living further downstream. While climate change threatens most ecosystems, its negative impacts are up to three times greater in high altitudes. As well as changing the water cycle this further accelerates climate change. Although they contribute comparably little
People’s ability to learn holds a promise for sustainability as learning is seen to enable change; yet, the prevalence of norms and values in society that reinforce unsustainability may severely challenge this process. The debate on what role learning can play is centered around the question whether people can learn from others and if so, how to enhance it. More precisely, who has to learn what fr
