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Osteoporosis is a severe condition in postmenopausal women and a common cause of fracture. Osteoporosis is a complex disease with a strong genetic impact, but susceptibility is determined by many genes with modest effects and environmental factors. Only a handful of genes consistently associated with osteoporosis have been identified so far. Inflammation affects bone metabolism by interfering with

Popular Abstract in Swedish Fotosyntetiska membraner utsätts för stress vid höga ljusintensiteter och skador kan lätt uppstå. En av de viktigaste skyddande substanserna i växter är karotenoiden zeaxantin. Zeaxantin bildas från violaxantin i xantofyllcykeln och bildningen katalyseras av enzymet violaxantin de-epoxidas (VDE). I aktiv form är enzymet bundet till det fotosyntetiska membranet (tylakoidThe xanthophyll cycle involves the light-dependent and reversible conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin. The enzyme, violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) catalyses the conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin, via the intermediate antheraxanthin. VDE is a membrane-hosted enzyme during its activity. Low lumenal pH, violaxanthin, ascorbate and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol are required for activity. Th

Investigating the vadose zone, the physics behind the temporal and spatial instabilities of flow (in unsaturated media) is still of question. Although chaotic approaches have been widely employed for identifying different surface hydrology processes, such as rainfall, runoff, lake volume, etc., they were not applied for subsurface systems as much. On this ground, the present study attempts to inve

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen tar sin utgångspunkt i frågan om huruvida medeltidens kyrkomålningar kan berätta, och i så fall hur. Syftet är att utforska bildernas förhållande till texter, till betraktaren och det rum där bilderna och betraktaren befinner sig. Till grund för studiet ligger en inventering av medeltida kalkmålningar av Sankt Kristoffer och scener kring Jesu födelse ca 110The subject of the thesis is the narratives in medieval mural paintings in southern Scandinavia c 1100-1530. Its aim is to examine their relationship to texts, to the viewer and to the church space, where the viewer looks at the murals. Two different subjects have been chosen for study: S Christopher and the Nativity of Christ. From the corpus of preserved mural paintings with these subjects in so

Modeling and understanding the vortex breakdown is a key issue of modern Lean Premixed Combustors. The main difficulty of the problem is the unsteady behavior of this type of flow: Large structures resulting from vortex breakdown and the swirling shear-layers, affect directly the flame stabilization leading to heat-release fluctuations and combustion instabilities. Consequently, one needs to captu

Introduction: Timing of cord clamping and other cord management strategies may improve outcomes at preterm birth. However, it is unclear whether benefits apply to all preterm subgroups. Previous and current trials compare various policies, including time-based or physiology-based deferred cord clamping, and cord milking. Individual participant data (IPD) enable exploration of different strategies

Sedan mitten på 1900 talet har halvledarmaterial revolutionerat hur vi ser på världen genom uppfinningar som det har gett upphov till, såsom datorer, solceller, och lysdioder. Det är möjligheten att kunna styra halvledarens förmåga att leda ström—mellan att vara nästan metallisk till att vara isolerande—som gör den användbar för tillämpningar inom elektronik. Under de senaste decennierna har elekt

The nucleotide sequences coding for murine complement component C3 have been determined from a cloned genomic DNA fragment and several overlapping cloned complementary DNA fragments. The amino acid sequence of the protein was deduced. The mature beta and alpha subunits contain 642 and 993 amino acids respectively. Including a 24 amino acid signal peptide and four arginines in the beta-alpha transi

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den rykande startpistolen eller Konsten att ta tid på en flygande elektron Flygande elektroner kan berätta mycket om hur världen sitter ihop. Elektroner som lämnar ytan av något material avslöjar både vilka atomer som finns i materialet och hur de kemiska bindingarna ser ut. Allt detta är nödvändigt att förstå när man vill utveckla nya material – till exempel för kretTime-of-flight (TOF) techniques for energy analysis have been common in electron spectroscopy for many decades. TOF-based electron spectrometers benefit from higher transmission and information rate compared to their main competitor: the hemispherical analyser; the drawback being their lower energy resolution. However, the advent of angle-resolved TOF spectrometers for electron energy analysis cha

Luminiscensdatering är ett viktigt verktyg inom geologin för att tidsbestämma geologiska avsättningsprocesser i jordens historia. Grundförutsättningen för en korrekt datering är att luminiscenssignalen genererad från ett mineral nollställs vid kontakt med solljus. Vid insamling och preparering av provmaterial är det därför av yttersta vikt att ingen ljusexponering inträffar som eventuellt nollstälLuminescence dating provides an important tool in geology to reconstruct geological depositions events in the Earth’s past. The basic assumption for a reliable dating is that luminescence generated from minerals resets at the time when it was last exposed to sunlight. The accuracy and precision of luminescence dating is therefore strongly dependant on preparation of the sediment to be in dark cond

In the last decades, scholars, managers and consultants have shown increased interest in identifying the characteristics of high-performance organizations. Searching for ways to improve organizational performance and respond to a growing demand for quality products and services in a rapidly changing environment, this subject is of special interest of managers in both public and private organizatio

Kartong kan framställas för att få fram olika egenskaper. En kartongförpackning har någon gång i tiden vikts fram av en bit kartong. Men hur viker man utan att få oönskade skador och veck, och hur påverkas detta av materialets egenskaper?Paperboard is frequently used as a base material in packages. There is folding involved in the conversion process, where a package is formed from a paperboard sheet. However, because direct folding causes undesirable effects such as wrinkles, it must first be creased. The creasing procedure consists of intentionally damaging the material, creating an indentation on the piece, after which the mater

Phytophagous insects, comprising over half a million species, depend on plants for survival and are broadly categorised as specialists or generalists based on the range of host plants they exploit. Host plant selection is shaped by environmental factors, such as local plant availability, and ecological pressures, including competition and predation. While patterns of specialisation and generalisat

Uppsatsen ämnar undersöka den svenska asylrättsprocessens förhållande till förbjudna diskretionskrav, förbud som återfinns i svensk och internat-ionell rätt. Detta görs genom ett fokus på rättsfall med förekomst av diskretionsfall samt gällande rätt, utifrån en rättsdogmatisk och rättsanalytisk metod. I Sverige har migration reglerats i egen separat lagstiftning sedan 1914. Som asylsökande har ma