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Background: Cadmium (Cd) exposure during gestation has been associated with altered DNA methylation at birth, but it is not known if the changes in methylation persist into childhood. Objectives: To evaluate whether gestational Cd-related changes of DNA methylation persist from birth to 9 years of age. Methods: We studied mother–child dyads in a longitudinal cohort in rural Bangladesh. Cadmium con
Background. Pervasive refusal syndrome (PRS) is a severe child psychiatric syndrome not yet included in the international classification and mostly affecting girls aged 7-15 years. Hospital admission and severe loss of function extend for many months and years but most recover. Autism has been suggested as a predisposing factor but largely lacks support for typical cases of PRS. Treatment is not e
Two-dimensional polarization imaging (2D POLIM) is an experimental method where correlations between fluorescence excitation- and fluorescence emission-polarization properties are measured. One way to analyze 2D POLIM data is to apply a so-called single funnel approximation (SFA). The SFA allows for quantitative assessment of energy transfer between chromophores with identical spectra [homo-FRET (
Purpose: When healthy children/adolescents are potential stem cell donors to a sibling, ethical questions arise due to reduced autonomy and dependency on their family. This study aimed to explore the experiences of children/adolescents in Sweden who donated stem cells to a severely ill sibling. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirteen donors, aged 6–17 years at the time of t
Globally, the lifespan of populations increases but the healthspan is lagging behind. Previous research showed that survival into extreme ages (longevity) clusters in families as illustrated by the increasing lifespan of study participants with each additional long-lived family member. Here we investigate whether the healthspan in such families follows a similar quantitative pattern using three-ge
What can the situation in Sri Lanka tell us about China’s “Belt and Road” Initiative (BRI)? During Sri Lanka’s ongoing economic crisis, China initially seemed to take a step back, leaving everyone to wonder whether the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) would agree to restructure its debt in Sri Lanka. If Beijing agreed to help its “friend in need”, what would this entail for other BRI countries seekin
While both innate and adaptive immune system mechanisms have been implicated in resistance against the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), studies on the role of specific MHC haplotypes on Bd infection are rare. Here, we studied variation in MHC Class IIB loci in the common toad Bufo bufo along a latitudinal gradient across Sweden. In general, Swedish toad populations had few MHC C
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the benefits and harms of interventions with and without surgery for musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions. DESIGN: Intervention systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). LITERATURE SEARCH: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and CENTRAL, all up to January 7, 2021. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: RCTs (English, German, Danish, Swedish, and Norweg
Kommersialisering av jordbruket handlar om att förbättra den marknadsorienterade produktionen i syfte att maximera vinsten. Medan tidigare statlig politik i Ghana gynnade kommersialisering av medelstora och stora odlare, finns det ett nytt nationellt åtagande kallat "Planting for Food and Jobs Policy" som syftar till att utnyttja småbrukares samlade produktionspotential för hållbar ekonomisk tillvAgricultural commercialization is concerned with improving market-oriented production in expectation of maximizing profit. While previous state policies in Ghana favoured commercialization by medium and large scale cultivators, there exists a new national commitment dubbed the Planting for Food and Jobs Policy that seeks to leverage on the cumulative productive potential of small farmers for susta
Background: The drinking water in parts of Ronneby was heavily contaminated with perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) for decades. Although PFAS has endocrine-disrupting properties and may interfere with breastfeeding, the effects in populations with a point source of high exposure are unknown. Objectives: To investigate associations between high PFAS exposure and 1) initiation and 2) duration of brea
In 2013, the drinking water for one-third of the households in Ronneby, Sweden, was found to be contaminated by perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS, >10,000 ng/L) from Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF). In utero PFAS exposure can influence birth weight, but little is known about the effects at very high levels. This study aimed to examine the association between in utero PFAS exposure and birth w
Background: The WHO advises against recumbent position for longer periods during labour and birth. It has been suggested that upright posi-tions may improve childbirth outcomes and reduce the need for oxytocin augmentation. However RCTs of interventions to encourage upright positions are scarce. The aims of this study were to assess whether there is a relationship between the use o
Middle Eastern immigrants are at high-risk for insulin resistance. Fatty acid composition (FAC) plays an important role in the development of insulin resistance but has not been investigated in people of Middle Eastern ancestry. Here, the aim was to assess the FAC in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT) in healthy Iraqi- and Swedish-born men using a magnetic resonance imaging (MR
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of heart failure (HF) in relation to age, multimorbidity and socioeconomic status of primary healthcare centres in southern Sweden.DESIGN: A cross-sectional study.SETTING: The data were collected concerning diagnoses at each consultation in all primary healthcare centres and secondary healthcare in the southernmost county of Sweden at
Measurements of the fractional momentum loss (Sloss≡δpT/pT) of high-transverse-momentum-identified hadrons in heavy-ion collisions are presented. Using π0 in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at sNN=62.4 and 200 GeV measured by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and and charged hadrons in Pb+Pb collisions measured by the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, we studied
BACKGROUND: Several studies have reported on the use of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) measurements during parathyroidectomy (PTX) for renal hyperparathyroidism (rHPT), but there is no consensus on whether it is helpful and, if so, what protocol should be used. Therefore, the literature was systematically reviewed to assess a correlation between ioPTH and early postoperative parathyroi
In the early era of transplantation, it was common practice to exclude diabetic patients since the outcome in such cases was usually poor. At our center in Malmö, Sweden, diabetic nephropathy was never regarded as a contraindication. During the 22-year period from 1972 to 1993, 223 renal allografts were transplanted in 189 uremic diabetics, representing 24% of all renal transplant recipients (n =
Importance: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can cause lifelong neurodevelopmental impairment (kernicterus) even in high-resource settings. A better understanding of the incidence and processes leading to kernicterus may help in the design of preventive measures.Objectives: To determine incidence rates of hazardous hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus among near-term to term newborns and to evaluate heal
