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Humans have dramatic, diverse and far-reaching influences on the evolution of other organisms. Numerous examples of this human-induced contemporary evolution have been reported in a number of ‘contexts’, including hunting, harvesting, fishing, agriculture, medicine, climate change, pollution, eutrophication, urbanization, habitat fragmentation, biological invasions and emerging/disappearing diseas

To date, approximately 15% of all couples worldwide suffer from infertility. The management include controlledovarian hyper-stimulation of the women with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and semen analysis of the men,prior to in vitro fertilization (IVF) and transfer of the fertilized embryo to the uterine cavity. Approximately 250 000IVF cycles are performed worldwide each year, and as a result

In a sample data system we are essentially restricted to control signals which are constant over the sampling interval. The purpose of this report is to analyze the effect of this restriction. The situation where the admissible control signals are piecewise continuous is used as a reference case and the problem is approached from a variational formulation of the control problem where the object o

This study examines the causal effects of birth weight on two health-related outcomes: inpatient hospitalizations and sickness absences, distinguishing between different diagnoses. Our analysis exploits differences within siblings and within twin pairs, using full population Swedish register data on cohorts born between 1973 and 1995, observed through childhood and in adulthood. In childhood, ther

We derive an expression for the acoustic force density acting on an inhomogeneous fluid with a continuous spatial variation in density and compressibility. A key prediction of our theory, validated by confocal imaging in an acoustofluidic microchip, is that inhomogeneous fluid configurations can be stabilized in the presence of destabilizing forces due to gravity or acoustic streaming flows.

We have characterized the dissolved state of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in cold alkali [2.0 M NaOH(aq)] solutions using a combination of small angle X-ray (SAXS) and static light scattering (SLS), (Formula presented.)H NMR, NMR self-diffusion, and rheology experiments. NMR and SAXS data demonstrate that the cellulose is fully molecularly dissolved. SLS, however, shows the presence of large c

In the aftermath of the global financial crisis, increasing attention has been paid to the role played by financial factors in business cycle fluctuations. The crisis also led to the development of economic policies, beyond traditional microprudential regulation, that promote financial stability. Macroprudential policy is one such tool. It fosters a more resilient financial system by directly tack

Femtosecond spectroscopy is an important tool used for tracking rapid photoinduced processes in a variety of materials. To spatially map the processes in a sample would substantially expand the method’s capabilities. This is, however, difficult to achieve, due to the necessity of using low-noise detection and maintaining feasible data acquisition time. Here, we demonstrate realization of an imagin

Reproducible integration of III-V semiconductors on silicon can open new path toward CMOS compatible optoelectronics and novel design schemes in next generation solar cells. Ordered arrays of nanowires could accomplish this task, provided they are obtained in high yield and uniformity. In this work, we provide understanding on the physical factors affecting size uniformity in ordered GaAs arrays g

We present smoothed particle hydrodynamic models of the interactions in the compact galaxy group, Stephan’s Quintet. This work is extension of the earlier collisionless N-body simulations of Renaud et al. in which the large-scale stellar morphology of the group was modelled with a series of galaxy–galaxy interactions in the simulations. Including thermohydrodynamic effects in this work, we further

1. The effects of anandamide on K+ currents and membrane potential have been examined in freshly-isolated smooth muscle cells from rat hepatic artery and the results compared with the effects of this arachidonic acid derivative on tension and membrane potential changes in segments of whole artery. 2. In the presence of 0.3 mM L-NOARG and 10 μM indomethacin, anandamide (0.1-100 μM) and endothelium-

We make a number of comments on Chebyshev polynomials for general compact subsets of the complex plane. We focus on two aspects: asymptotics of the zeros and explicit Totik–Widom upper bounds on their norms.