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Increased efficiency and effectiveness in the product life cycle can be expected to result from extending the product development process to include the simultaneous development of the package. In this paper, three surveys performed in the Swedish mechanical, pharmaceutical and food industries are supplemented to describe the interest of such a concept in industry. This paper reveals that both the
We describe the spectrum of certain integration operators acting on generalized Fock spaces.
Treating nitrogen-rich reject water from anaerobically digested sludge with deammonification has become a very beneficial side stream process. One common technique is the one-stage moving bed bioreactors (MBBRs), which in comparison with the other deammonification techniques can be started up without seeding anammox bacteria. This study investigated the impact of biofilm seeding on the start-up of
This paper analyzes the properties of panel unit root tests based on recursively detrended data. The analysis is conducted while allowing for a (potentially) non-linear trend function, which represents a more general consideration than the current state of affairs with (at most) a linear trend. A new test statistic is proposed whose asymptotic behavior under the unit root null hypothesis, and the
There is a burgeoning literature based on using panel cointegration techniques to study the relationship between energy consumption and GDP. Most panel cointegration tests employed take no cointegration as the null hypothesis. The current paper illustrates how a rejection by such a test cannot be taken as evidence of cointegration for the panel as a whole, a fact that seems to have gone largely un
We study localization, urbanization and Jacobs’ externality effects on plant survival in Sweden (1970–2004). We focus on two questions: (i) do agglomeration externalities change with the age of plants? and (ii) what is the role of technological relatedness among local industries? We find that agglomeration externalities affect survival chances of plants. This effect, however, differs between corpo
Friction is an important phenomenon in everyday life. All children are familiar with playground slides, which may thus be a good starting point for investigating friction. Motion on an inclined plane is a standard physics example. This paper presents an investigation of friction by a group of 11-year olds. How did they plan their investigations? What aspects of friction could they discern? What un
There will be multiple compensations employed for in- sertion devices in the MAX IV storage rings. Apart from well-known dipole corrections and previously detailed local and global linear optics matching, certain insertion devices in the MAX IV storage rings will also require nonlinear optics adjustments and/or skew quadrupole corrections. The goal of such corrections is ensuring sufficient dynami
We report the results of two newspaper reading experiments. We examine how readersÕ eye movements are affected by graphical elements such as photos and information graphics. Control variables in these experiments include size and content of photos, and spatial structure of information graphics. We hypothesized that large photo size and animate photo content would be associated with a local increas
I argue in this chapter that it is essential for the social sciences to provide explanations and possibly also critical reflections as to how, why and to what end rankings and assessments are imbued with social (and other) values in different contexts. For too long we have delib- erately avoided scrutinizing the very mechanisms that have been framing and often also constraining our ways of ‘doing
This chapter demonstrates that EU climate change litigation is concerned with questions about ‘who’ decides the construction and the implementation of EU climate change law, ‘who’ can challenge these legal acts, and before ‘which’ court (between the EU and the national courts) this is adjudicated. The driving force behind these competence-related issues is the EU legal doctrine concerning jurisdic
Insectivore classification has been one of the most controversial problems in mammalian systematics. Evolutionary relationships among the six extant families, Talpidae (moles), Soricidae (shrews), Erinaceidae (hedgehogs), Tenrecidae (tenrecs), Chryosochloridae (golden moles), and Solenodontidae (solenodons), have remained uncertain based on morphological data. Animals classified within the order L
Popular Abstract in Swedish I och med att mjukvarubaserade produkter ökar i antal ökar också vikten av en effektiv mjukvaruutvecklingsprocess, ur ett konkurrensperspektiv. Bristfällig produktkvalitet och höga utvecklingskostnader är något som mjukvaruutvecklingsorganisationer under många år har kämpat med. Studier inom SPI (software process improvement) syftar till att förbättra produktkvalitet ocThe number of software-based products is increasing, which is why the importance of an efficient software development process is also increasing, from a competitive advantage perspective. For years, software development organizations have been plagued by poor product quality and high development costs. Studies in software process improvement (SPI) have concerned themselves with improving the softw
There is much tension between the conception of the press as a private enterprise subject to the logic of the market and the press as an instrument of democracy. One of the broken promises of democracy is the failure of the market in guaranteeing a vigorous political debate. The European Court of Human Rights has ascribed to the press the vital role of Public Watchdog, making it incumbent on it to
