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The aim of this study was to investigate whether the previously reported differences in cognitive performance as assessed using a Stroop paradigm between individuals with and without tinnitus is present in normal-hearing individuals.

Electroactive polymers (EAP) deform under electric fields. This effect in fact generates various new fields of engineering applications of high technological interest. As an advantage, EAP may undergo deformations much larger than those capable by electroactive ceramics-however, to the price of acting at comparatively low forces. As common for polymers, EAP exhibit time-dependent material behaviou

We describe the formation and structure of nucleolipid/dendrimer multilayer films controlled by non-covalent interactions to obtain biomaterials that exhibit molecular recognition of nucleic acids. Layers of cationic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers of generation 4 and the anionic nucleolipids 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylnucleosides (DLPNs) based on uridine (DLPU) and adenosine (DLPA

Oxidative stress (OS) is widely believed to be responsible for the generation of trade-offs in evolutionary ecology by means of constraining investment into a number of components of fitness. Yet, progress in understanding the true role of OS in ecology and evolution has remained elusive. Interpretation of current findings is particularly hampered by the scarcity of experiments demonstrating which

Using a genome-wide screen of 9.6 million genetic variants achieved through 1000 Genomes Project imputation in 62,166 samples, we identify association to lipid traits in 93 loci, including 79 previously identified loci with new lead SNPs and 10 new loci, 15 loci with a low-frequency lead SNP and 10 loci with a missense lead SNP, and 2 loci with an accumulation of rare variants. In six loci, SNPs w

In September 2012, Arctic sea-ice extent plummeted to a new record low: two times lower than the 1979-2000 average. Often, record lows in sea-ice cover are hailed as an example of climate change impacts in the Arctic. Less apparent, however, are the implications of reduced sea-ice cover in the Arctic Ocean for marine-atmosphere CO2 exchange. Sea-ice decline has been connected to increasing air tem

Future production of hydrogen must be sustainable. To obtain it, renewable resources have to be employed for its production. Fermentation of biomasses could be a viable way. The process evaluated is a two-step fermentation to produce hydrogen from biomass. Process options with barley straws, PSP, and thick juice as feedstocks have been compared on the basis of process balances. Aspen Plus has been

Pattern recognition is an integral part of the innate immune system. The human contact system has been shown to interact with the surface of many bacterial and fungal pathogens, and once activated leads to the generation of antimicrobial peptides and the proinflammatory mediator bradykinin. Here we show that apart from these surfaces also neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) provide a surface tha

In recent work on international comparisons of income-related inequalities in health, the concentration index has been used as a measure of health inequality. A drawback of this measure is that it is sensitive to whether it is estimated with respect to health or morbidity. An alternative would be to use the generalized concentration index that is based on absolute rather than relative health diffe

Abstract in German Das systemische klinische Bild der Patienten mit SS kann auf eine Disposition vieler Zellarten zurückgeführt werden, bei einer Konfrontation mit Stressreizen überzureagieren. Dies beeinflusst die elementaren zellulären Vorgänge wie Apoptose und Acethylcholine-Rezeptor-Signalvermittlung. Diese Hyperreaktivität des Gewebes kann auch die beobachteten autoimmunogenen Eigenschaften eThe systemic clinical picture of SS patients can be traced back to a disposition of many cell types to over-react when confronted with stress stimuli. This will influence basic cellular processes such as apoptosis and acetylcholine receptor signaling. This tissue hyper-reactivity may also explain the observed autoimmune features, and may constitute a major aetiopathogenetic determinant in SS.

We investigate steady symmetric gravity water waves on finite depth. For nonpositive vorticity it is shown that the particles display a mean forward drift, and for a class of waves we prove that the size of this drift is strictly increasing from bottom to surface. This includes the case of particles within irrotational waves. We also provide detailed information concerning the streamlines and the

Effects of anaerobic pre-treatment were evaluated on the dewatered-sewage sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant in order to improve its biodegradability through anaerobic digestion. The pre-treatment was conducted in laboratory scale at 25, 50 and 70 degrees C for an incubation time of two days. As a reference, sludge sample was also autoclaved at 121 degrees C for 20 min to determine

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) mycelia are dependent on contact with plant roots for spore formation. In this study, earthworms and collembolans were regarded as potential dispersal vectors of AM fungal spores and hyphae, and we determined how they influenced the extension of AM fungi from host plant roots. Plantago lanceolata seedlings were grown in a mesh bag with an AM inoculurn of dried soil and

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vi kan inte avslöja innehållet i våra tankar direkt, så hur kan vi närma oss de underliggande kognitiva processerna? Om vi vill lära oss mer om vad som försiggår i vår tankevärld, måste vi göra det indirekt, med hjälp av tankarnas yttre manifestationer. Det finns olika metoder som man kan ta till sin hjälp. I min avhandling kopplar jag ihop två ämnesområden, lingvistik In this thesis, I connect two disciplines, linguistics and vision research, and combine two methods, spoken language protocols and eye movement protocols, in order to cast light on the underlying cognitive processes. In a series of studies, I investigate the processual aspects of picture viewing and picture description. On the one hand, eye movements reflect human thought processes. It is easy to

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vårt immunsystem har utvecklats för att skydda våra vävnader och organ vid infektioner, cancerväxt och andra skador. Immunsystemet utgörs av en mängd olika celltyper som på olika sätt specifikt, främst genom uttryck av receptorer på cellytan, reagerar på främmande strukturer, från t ex patogener eller tumör celler eller andra substanser som signalerar stress eller fara.This thesis is based on three original papers with the overall aim to study the mechanisms of induction and function of Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. Regulatory T cells induce down-modulation of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on dendritic cells in vitro. In the first study we further show that the extent of down-modulation is functionally significant since regulatory T cell condition

Sargeant et al. conclude from model calculations,in their paper [Phys. Rev. C 65 024302 (2002)] that the degree of chaos in normal deformed states does not enhance the decay out from the superdeformed band. We show that this conclusion is based on a rather unlikely assumption.

In this paper we give a positive answer to the open existence problem for complex-valued harmonic morphisms from the non-compact irreducible Riemannian symmetric spaces SLn (R)/SO(n), SU*(2n)/Sp(n) and their compact duals SU(n)/SO(n) and SU(2n)/Sp(n). Furthermore we prove the existence of globally defined, complex-valued harmonic morphisms from any Riemannian symmetric space of type IV.