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Documentary evidence is crucial in most arbitration cases. Increasingly, parties are facing the problem of how to compel or induce their adversaries to produce documents exclusively possessed by the latters. Courts possess the power to enforce their orders for the production of such documents. For arbitral tribunals, lacking imperium or means of coercion, there are real doubts as to the enforceabi
This thesis aims at presenting a comprehensive assessment of the situation surrounding a cross-border EC acquisition with merging reconstructural features. It reviews the shifting business structures of entities within the Union and through the eyes of a fictive case, involving a Swedish legal entity acquiring a German cooperation discussing possible scenarios that will have to be confronted by th
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The development of gut microbiota during ontogeny is emerging as an important process influencing physiology, immunity and fitness in vertebrates. However, knowledge of how bacteria colonize the juvenile gut, how this is influenced by changes in the diversity of gut bacteria and to what extent this influences host fitness, particularly in nonmodel organisms, is lacking. Here we used 16S rRNA gene
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Background: Prevalence of peptic ulcer disease has been associated to diet. Some dietary factors seem to have bactericidal effect which may modify the risk of peptic ulcer disease. The objective was to analyze associations between dietary habits and peptic ulcers. Design: A cross sectional population study. Subjects: One thousand, one hundred and thirty-five subjects out of 11,700 randomly invited
This article describes a logistics-based framework for organizational change of service organizations. This framework is based on the key concepts of modern logistics: systems thinking for a holistic approach to business; process orientation for structure of the organization; and process management for continuous change and improvement. The development of logistics as a research and practitioner d
Oxygen supply is a critical point in technical processes when aerobic cells are used in immobilized preparations. In this study p-benzoquinone is used as a substitute for oxygen in the oxidation of glycerol to dihydroxyacetone by immobilized Gluconobacter oxydans cells. The reaction rate was much higher when p-benzoquinone was used compared to when oxygen was used. In an experiment with free cells
Single unit electrical activity has been recorded from dorsal horn neurons in the lumbar spinal cord of adult rats which had been treated at birth with either capsaicin (50 mg kg-1) or with the solvent-vehicle only. The responses of these neurones to electrical stimulation of A- and C-fibres in the sural nerve and to natural stimulation of their cutaneous receptive fields have been studied. In veh
Allogeneic islet transplantation can restore an insulin-independent state in C-peptide-negative type 1 diabetic patients. We recently reported three cases of surviving islet allografts that were implanted in type 1 diabetic patients under maintenance immune suppression for a previous kidney graft. The present study compares islet graft-specific cellular auto- and alloreactivity in peripheral blood
Maillard reaction is an extensively studied, yet unresolved chemical reaction that occurs as a result of application of the heat and during the storage of foods. The formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has been the focus of several investigations recently. These molecules which are formed at the advanced stage of the Maillard reaction, are suspected to be involved in autoimmune dis
Background Radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy represents the standard treatment for early-stage cervical cancer. Results from a recent randomized controlled trial demonstrate that minimally invasive surgery is inferior to laparotomy with regards to disease-free and overall survival. Primary Objective To investigate the oncologic safety of robot-assisted surgery for early-stage cervic
Hypoglycaemia is common in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes and has both acute and long-term consequences. Therefore, a key to proper glucose-lowering therapy in diabetes is to avoid or prevent hypoglycaemia. Incretin therapy (DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists) offers an advantage in this respect, because it reduces glucose with a low risk of hypoglycaemia, both in monotherapy and in com
Background and Aim: An abnormal immune response to intestinal bacteria has been observed in Crohn's disease (CD). Clostridium difficile infection incidence and severity are increased in CD, but reports on the humoral response have provided conflicting results. We aimed to shed light on the possible role of C. difficile in CD pathogenesis by paying attention to the influence of immunomodulatory tre
Browning of surface waters, as a result of increasing dissolved organic carbon and iron concentrations, is a widespread phenomenon with implications to the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems. In this article, we provide an overview of the consequences of browning in relation to ecosystem services, outline what the underlying drivers and mechanisms of browning are, and specifically focus
Sex-based differences influence incidence and outcome of infectious disease. Women have a significantly greater incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) than men, yet, conversely, male UTI is more persistent, with greater associated morbidity. Mechanisms underlying these sex-based differences are unknown, in part due to a lack of experimental models. We optimized a model to transurethrally infec
