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Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogenous inflammatory joint disease and the most commonrheumatic disease in children. Oligoarticular JIA (oJIA) is the major subgroup, which mainly affects fewand large joints, such as the knee. The immunological processes and key players driving inflammationwithin the affected joints are not well characterised. Research has primarily focused on adaptiv
For the past two decades, immunotherapy revolutionized cancer treatment. However, responses vary significantly among eligible patients and some cancer types are not yet open to immunotherapy. Several mechanisms contribute to immunotherapy resistance, including loss of antigen presentation machinery and immunosuppression. Conventional dendritic cells type 1 (cDC1) are a rare population of professio
Patients suffering from inflammatory conditions often present with severe hypovolemia due to vasodilatation and increased vascular permeability. Early administration of fluids is, therefore, a cornerstone and lifesaving therapy.However, a vigorous and aggressive fluid therapy increases tissue edema, worsen tissue perfusion and organ function. Based on this, the presented studies investigated diffe
The response to atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment is differing widely among patients, and a better understanding of the factors that contribute to these differences is needed. One important factor may be differences in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity. The atrioventricular (AV) node plays an important role during AF in modulating heart rate. To study the effect of the ANS-induced activ
The complement system, a crucial part of the innate immune system, protects the human body during bacterial infections. Complement comprises three pathways, classical, lectin, and alternative, which activate as a protein cascade. Activation of these pathways leads to the opsonization of pathogens with C3 fragments for phagocytosis, chemotaxis of phagocytes to the infection site, and deposition of
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is a global problem among adolescents living with human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), and it is associated with treatment failure and the development of viral resistance. One of the most significant barriers to treatment adherence among adolescents is forgetting to take drugs as prescribed. One of the key strategies recommended to improve this problem is the u
The intestinal mucosa presents a huge surface area to the external environment and the intestinal immune system is continually exposed to a wide array of foreign antigens derived from resident intestinal microbiota as well as dietary constituents, including food proteins. In order to maintain intestinal homeostasis, the intestinal immune system relies on the ability to generate tolerogenic respons
Fetal cell replacement therapy or in utero hematopoietic cell transplantation (IUHCT) is proposed as a non-myeloablative alternative to bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for a number of inborn immunologic, hematologic and metabolic disorders. IUHCT represents the method through which variable amounts of natural or genetically modified hematopoietic cells can be transferred to the fetal recipient i
Abstract The Tree Theme Method (TTM), based on occupational therapy, creative activities and life storytelling, implies that the client draws and paints trees representing certain periods in their life. The paintings are used as a starting point for the client to tell their life story with focus on everyday occupations (occupational storytelling) and shaping plans for their future (occupational st
Background: The efficacy of concentrates of fibrinogen and factor XIII in hypothermia and haemodilution has not yet been completely investigated. Clauss methods have not previously been evaluated perioperatively. Methods: Coagulation was assessed with rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) or free oscillation rheometry (FOR) in vitro and different fibrinogen measurement methods in observational stu
A Task Group within the ICRP Committees 2 and 3 is continuously working to improve absorbed dose estimates to patients investigated with radiopharmaceuticals. The work deals with reviews of the literature, initiation of new or complementary studies of the biokinetics of a compound and dose estimates. Absorbed dose calculations for organs and tissues have up to now been carried out using the MIRD f
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling beskriver studier av de mekanismer varmed bakterien Streptococcus pyogenes undviker komplementdeposition och fagocytos.Phagocytosis of Streptococcus pyogenes is complement dependent. However, the cell wall-associated M protein, which exists in >100 different serotypes (M types), enables the bacteria to evade phagocytosis. To analyze the mechanisms by which M protein confers this ability we used, as model systems, two representative M proteins, the M22 and M5 proteins, which have properties typical for many M prote
This paper describes preliminary results from the test-retest of the NAME 1.0. Four scales were tested: Mobility-related participation frequency; Mobility ease/difficulty; Mobility dependence; Extent of assistance in mobility. The test was conducted in the five Nordic countries. In all 147 mobility device users took part in the study, mean age 60 years (range 19 - 93). Each participant was intervi
För att bättre kunna förebygga att skelettet bryts ner vid långvarig vila eller vid sjukdomarsom osteopenia och osteoporos, behövs bättre förståelse för de processer somstyr detta. I den här avhandlingen antas att den primära orsaken till bentillväxt är enförändring i den kemiska miljön i benet. Förändringen antas orsakas av att tillväxtstimulerandeämnen transporteras genom benet till den plats däIn order to prevent or modify bone degeneration due to rest or due to diseases such as osteopenia and osteoporosis, the modeling and remodeling of bone tissue must be better understood. In this thesis it is assumed that the primary condition leading to bone growth is a change of the chemical environment caused by transport of matter resulting from stress driven diffusion. The change in the chemica
hand in the fight against resistant microbes. This thesis discusses the feasibility and potential of specific immunotherapy in treating acute bacterial infections and chronic sequels. The infection model is acute cystitis; the most common form of urinary tract infection, affecting millions of patients annually. Susceptible patients develop the characteristic clinical manifestation of dysuria, urge
This paper presents an alternative workflow for thermal comfort prediction. By using the leverage of Data Science & AI in combination with the power of computational design, the proposed methodology exploits the extensive comfort data provided by the ASHRAE Global Thermal Comfort Database II to generate more customised comfort prediction models. These models consider additional, often signific
This thesis employed several portable sensors on board an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and manned aircraft in order to test new methods of measuring vertical profiles of aerosol particles and contribute to knowledge of aerosol distributions in the atmosphere. More data in this area is required to improve atmospheric modelling and future climate scenarios. The handheld nanoparticle detector Partec
