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Bunch compression is necessary for many accelerator applications, one of which being the creation of muons for the proposed muon collider. The design of a proton driver to deliver a short and very intense proton pulse to a target for the creation of muons is being developed as part of the International Muon Collider Collaboration. Some challenges with the proposed baseline design, notably the ambi
Background/Aims Prematurely born infants undergo costly, stressful eye examinations to uncover the small fraction with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) that needs treatment to prevent blindness. The aim was to develop a prediction tool (DIGIROP-Screen) with 100% sensitivity and high specificity to safely reduce screening of those infants not needing treatment. DIGIROP-Screen was compared with four
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hjärt och kärlsjukdomar utgör idag den vanligaste orsaken till död världen över. I denna avhandling studerades patienter med hjärt-kärlsjukdom inom svenska register för att analysera betydelsen av olika komponenter av behandlingen vid hjärt-kärlsjukdom. Komponenter som utvärderades var tid till primär perkutan (endovaskulär) kranskärlsintervention (PCI), dvs ballongvidgIntroduction: Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The aims of this thesis were to evaluate different contemporary approaches in coronary care with regard to mortality and myocardial infarction. Methods: The thesis consists of 6 papers with 4 papers evaluating different exposures and their outcomes (clopidogrel pre-treatment, 5 different anti-platelet protocols, ticagrel
The overall aim was to describe and compare functional ability and health complaints of older people receiving municipal care in relation to housing and informal care, and factors associated with medical health care, municipal care and informal care. Further, the aim was to investigate agreement in needs assessments between personnel and older people and to investigate care satisfaction and health
The risk of hip fracture rises rapidly with age, and is particularly high in women. This increase in fracture risk reflects both the age-related change in the risk of falling and decrements in the strength of the proximal femur. To better understand the extent to which proximal femoral density, structure and strength change with age as a function of gender, we have carried out a longitudinal analy
Newly constructed building stocks have been decreasing in last decades; thus, renovation and retrofitting represent a large amount of opportunities to upgrade the building performance and energy efficiency of building assets in their life span, as well as to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. An overall assessment of a lighting retrofit project can support to judge the quality of a retrofit as good
Våld i nära relationer har under många år varit och är än idag ett stort samhällsproblem. Det är ett problematiskt område som troligtvis har ett stort mörkertal och därmed är svårt att upptäcka. I vissa fall kanske våld i nära relationer inte upptäcks förrän det är för sent. Vilka möjligheter har brottsoffer för våld i nära relationer att freda sig själv och sin familj? Syftet med denna uppsats ärDomestic violence has always been a major social problem and still is. This kind of crime is often characterized by hidden statistics which makes it difficult to detect in many cases. What possibilities do victims of domestic violence have to protect themselves and their families? The purpose of this thesis is to examine the possibility to use preventive self-defense in cases of domestic violence.
Nödvärnsrätten regleras i 24 Kap. 1 § BrB. Den typen som är relevant för uppsatsen är nödvärn i förhållande till ”ett påbörjat eller överhängande brottsligt angrepp på person eller egendom,” vilken regleras i punk 1. Nödvärn är en objektiv ansvarsfrihetsgrund som kräver att brukaren gör avvägningar mellan angrepp och försvar för att handlingen inte skall anses som uppenbart oförsvarlig. Detta krävThe right to self-defence is regulated in chapter 24 § 1 of the swedish Penal Code. The type which is relevant to this paper is the one concerned with current or imminent criminal attack on a person or property which is found in the first point of the paragraph. Self-defence is an objective ground for discharge of liability. For the act of self-defence to not be considered obviously unjustified th
Scanty data are available on the incidence (i.e., the absolute risk) of second cancers of the head and neck (HN) and its pattern with age. We investigated this issue using data from a multicentric study of 13 population-based cancer registries from Europe, Canada, Australia and Singapore for the years 1943-2000. A total of 99,257 patients had a first primary HN cancer (15,985 tongue, 22,378 mouth,
Background: Recent evidence suggests that stroke is increasing as a cause of morbidity and mortality in younger adults, where it carries particular significance for working individuals. Accurate and up-to-date estimates of stroke burden are important for planning stroke prevention and management in younger adults. Objectives: This study aims to estimate prevalence, mortality and disability-adjuste
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund Kroppen har många olika försvarsmekanismer för att skydda sig mot angrepp av olika slag. Bland försvarsmekanismerna i immunförsvaret finns förmågan att bilda antikroppar. Antikroppar, eller immunglobulin, är lösliga protein och består av fyra polypeptidkedjor som hålls samman av svavelbindningar. Dessa kedjor har en variabel ände som ger upphov till molekylensAntibodies are important protein structures in the immunological defence. Occasionally the regulation of the production of these antibodies fails and antibodies directed against self structures are produced in large scale. Antibody production can also complicate or make transfusions and transplantations impossible. Purified protein A from Staphylococcus aureus immobilised to beaded agarose can ads
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kärnan kan ses som en samling nukleoner vilka hålls samman av den starka kraften. Nukleonerna är protoner (p) med laddning +1 och neutroner (n) med laddning 0. Kraften kan beskrivas som ett utbyte av mesoner såsom pioner (pi) vilka förekommer i tre laddningstillstånd pi+, pi- och pi0 (laddning +1, -1 och 0). Inuti kärnan rör sig nukleonerna och utbytesmesonerna vilket gA comprehensive near-threshold 4He(g,n) absolute cross section measurement has been performed at the high-resolution tagged-photon facility MAX-lab located in Lund, Sweden. The 20 < Eg < 45 MeV tagged photons (covering the Giant Dipole Resonance energy region) were directed towards a liquid 4He target, and knocked-out neutrons were detected in a pair of 60 cm x 60 cm vetoed NE213A liquid scintilla
The main functions of estrogen are associated with reproduction. However, estrogen has been shown to be of functional importance also in non-classic target organs. Previous studies, especially epidemiologic and clinical ones, have addressed estrogen's influence on periodontitis, suggesting that estrogen has a beneficial effect, but the biological mechanisms have not been identified. Estrogen exert
Background: As much as 40–50% of children are expected to sustain fractures during growth. A childhood fracture is alsoassociated with high risk of fractures in adult life. Previous research has shown that fracture incidence has not been stable andsome studies suggest that this has also continued during recent decades.Aims: The aim of this thesis was therefore to describe fracture epidemiology and
Signal transduction in response to growth factors is a strictly controlled process with networks of feedback systems, highly selective interactions and finely tuned on-and-off switches. In the context of cancer, detailed signaling studies have resulted in the development of some of the most frequently used means of therapy, with several well established examples such as the small molecule inhibito
Background: Breathlessness is a cardinal symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is given to improve survival time in people with COPD and severe chronic hypoxaemia at rest. The efficacy of oxygen therapy for breathlessness and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people with COPD and mild or no hypoxaemia who do not meet the criteria for LTOT
From the flashy to the humble - Towerless Medieval Churches in DenmarkThe article investigates a special category of medieval churches, the towerless churches. The Danish concept for “kullet”, meaning bald headed are discussed, an inventory of the towerless churches is established for medieval Denmark, the architecture is analyzed in relation to different ideals and studied from social and economi
I denna rapport redovisas populationstrender för 175 svenska fågelarter för åren 1975–2010. Fåglarna har räknats på vintern och på sommaren enligt strikt standardiserade metoder. Sommar- respektive vinterpunktrutter har räknats sedan 1975, i huvudsak i södra Sverige. Standardrutterna räknas också på sommaren men täcker hela Sverige. De har räknats sedan 1996. Vintern 2009/2010 räknades nästan 300 We present the results of the Swedish Bird Survey, run by the Department of Biology, Lund University, as a part of the National Monitoring Programme of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. The results for 2010 include data from 622 winter point count routes in 2009/2010 (35th winter), of which 281 were carried out during the Christmas/New Year count and 262 summer point count routes (36th
Background: Etranacogene dezaparvovec, the first gene therapy approved for haemophilia B treatment, was shown to be superior to treatment with continuous prophylactic factor IX in terms of bleeding protection 18 months after gene therapy in a phase 3 trial. We report post-hoc 24-month efficacy and safety data from this trial to evaluate the longer-term effects of etranacogene dezaparvovec in indiv
Severe obesity during childhood is associated with cognitive deficits. Studies in adults have suggested improvements in executive functioning and memory after bariatric surgery. Our aim was to explore changes in cognitive function in adolescents over two years after bariatric surgery or intensive non-surgical treatment. Methods: The Adolescent Morbid Obesity Surgery 2 (AMOS2) is a multicentre, ope
