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Background High plasma HDL cholesterol is associated with reduced risk of myocardial infarction, but whether this association is causal is unclear. Exploiting the fact that genotypes are randomly assigned at meiosis, are independent of non-genetic confounding, and are unmodified by disease processes, mendelian randomisation can be used to test the hypothesis that the association of a plasma biomar
The current epidemiologic evidence suggests that men with type 2 diabetes mellitus may be at lower risk of developing prostate cancer, but little is known about its association with stage and grade of the disease. The association between self-reported diabetes mellitus at recruitment and risk of prostate cancer was examined in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
Over the years, remanufacturing practices have grown in popularity in industrial areas. It is one of the most effective ways to keep products out of landfills by turning end-of-life items into usable products. However, the available literature on cost models is limited or specific to a product. A general cost model for remanufacturing is presented in this paper to understand the major costs involv
Knowledge about subjects who sustain hip fractures in middle age is poor. This study prospectively investigated risk factors for hip fracture in middle age and compared risk factors for cervical and trochanteric hip fractures. The Malmo Preventive Project consists of 22,444 men, mean age 44 years, and 10,902 women, mean age 50 years at inclusion. Baseline assessment included multiple examinations
Background: Growing evidence suggests that pesticide exposure may influence respiratory health, but data in young children are very limited. We examined the association of prenatal pesticide exposure with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and wheeze at one year of age in children from the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) study in Costa Rica. Methods: We measured seven pesticide metabol
Background: Falciparum malaria is an important risk factor for African Burkitt lymphoma (BL), but few studies have evaluated malaria patterns in healthy BL-age children in populations where both diseases are endemic. To obtain accurate current data, patterns of asymptomatic malaria were investigated in northern Uganda, where BL is endemic. Methods: Between 2011 and 2015, 1150 apparently healthy ch
Version management is a prerequisite for digital information flow between phases in the planning and building processes. Information evolves over time and many parties retrieve information from the various phases. The aim of this article is to evaluate versioning methods, focusing on geodata buildings in the 3D cadastre process. The main attention in the evaluation is on the comprehensive ISO stan
This paper reports the results of the study ofthe microstructural and mechanical properties ofmetal matrix composites (MMC) based on Al-Si matrix alloyandsilicon carbideparticulates. The scope of the studyis to investigate the effects of cooling rate and silicon content on the microstructure and the mechanical propertiesof MMC.Samples were cast in mouldsof different temperature in
Gebel el-Silsila displays an astounding concentration of incised illustrations, of which anthropomorphic figures are frequent motifs. These figures were produced over several millennia; from prehistoric petroglyphs to pictorial graffiti of dynastic periods and throughout into Roman days. Spanning over six millennia visitors to Gebel el Silsila depicted huntsmen, warriors, boatmen, and horsemen, reGebel el Silsila displays an astounding concentration of incised illustrations, of which anthropomorphic figures are frequent motifs. These figures were produced over several millennia: from prehistoric petroglyphs to pictorial graffiti of dynastic periods and throughout into Roman days. Spanning over six millennia visitors to Gebel el Silsila depicted huntsmen, warriors, boatmen, and horsemen, re
Introduction Attrition from antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes is a critical challenge among children receiving care in resource-limited settings. Our objective was to determine the rates and predictors of attrition among children on ART in Ethiopia. Methods Between December 2014 and September 2016, we conducted a prospective cohort study in eight health facilities in Ethiopia. Eligibility cr
Sound and radio can be used to estimate the distance between a transmitter and a sender by correlating the emitted and received signal. Alternatively by correlating two received signals it is possible to estimate distance difference. Such methods can be divided into methods that are robust to noise and reverberation, but give limited precision and sub-sample refinements that are sensitive to noiseSound and radio can be used to estimate the distance between a transmitter and a sender by correlating the emitted and received signal. Alternatively by correlating two received signals it is possible to estimate distance difference. Such methods can be divided into methods that are robust to noise and reverberation, but give limited precision and sub-sample refinements that are sensitive to noise
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a system for delivery of inhaled nitric oxide.DESIGN: Prospective, laboratory study.SETTING: Engineering laboratory.SUBJECTS: A standard ventilator (Servo Ventilator 300), supplemented with extra gas modules for nitric oxide delivery.INTERVENTIONS: Two ventilator-integrated gas modules, delivering < or = 10 parts per million (ppm) or < or = 100 ppm of nitric oxide, were used
The flux during membrane filtration can be enhanced by the use of a two-phase gas–liquid flow. This has been shown to be an energy-efficient alternative to increasing the cross-flow velocity. In this work, air sparging was used to increase the flux during ultrafiltration of alkali-extracted wheat bran hemicelluloses. Batch filtration was performed in a pilot unit with a ceramic ultrafiltration mem
This paper investigates the effectiveness of lighting control systems (LCSs) in 57 individual office rooms of an educational building located in Lund, Sweden. The study uses simulations based on actual occupancy data. The simulations, performed with Daysim via the Honeybee interface, focus on the portion of standby energy use on total lighting energy use considering different combinations of LCSs
A fitting-attitude analysis which understands value in terms of reasons and pro- and con-attitudes allows limited wriggle room if it is to respect a radical division between good and good-for. Essentially, it’s proponents can either introduce two different normative notions, one relating to good, the other to good-for; or distinguish two kinds of attitude, one corresponding to the analysis of goodA fitting-attitude analysis which understands value in terms of reasons and pro- and con-attitudes allows limited wriggle room if it is to respect a radical division between good and good-for. Essentially, its proponents can either introduce two different normative notions, one relating to good and the other to good-for, or distinguish two kinds of attitude, one corresponding to the analysis of go
Semiconductor nanowires show a great deal of promise for applications in a widerange of important fields, including photovoltaics, biomedicine, and informationtechnology. Developing these exciting applications is strongly dependent onunderstanding the fundamental properties of nanowires, such as their opticalresonances and absorption spectra. In this thesis we explore optical absorption spectra of
BACKGROUND: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent substances with surfactant and repellent properties. Municipal drinking water contaminated with PFAS had been distributed for decades to one third of households in Ronneby, Sweden. The source was firefighting foam used in a nearby airfield since the mid-1980s. Clean water was provided from December 16, 2013.AIMS: The purpose was
In volcanic environments, the presence of smectite may indicate recent hydrothermal circulations. Smectite is also responsible for enhanced rock electrical conductivity, as well as mechanical weakening. Therefore, quantifying smectite is important in geothermal exploration. Smectite identification requires X-ray diffraction (XRD) but quantification based on XRD is time-consuming and not always acc
Background: Traumas to the head and neck are common in sports and often affects otherwise healthy young individuals. Sports-related concussions (SRC), defined as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), may inflict persistent neck and shoulder pain, and headache, but also more complex symptoms, such as imbalance, dizziness, and visual disturbances. These more complex symptoms are difficult to identif
Objectives To study the prevalence of and interplay between common neuropsychiatric sequelae 3-4 years after onset of first-ever stroke - specifically post-stroke fatigue (PSF), post-stroke depression (PSD) and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Design Population-based cohort study. Setting Catchment area of a Swedish University Hospital. Participants We recruited individuals with first-ever
