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Efter en landreform, som genomfördes i slutet av 40- och i början av 50-talet, blev de flesta taiwanesiska bönderna hemmansägare och odlade marken på små lantegendomar. Denna efterkrigsreform banade väg för en ekonomisk utveckling som väsentligt påverkade och förändrade bondesamhället. När det taiwanesiska jordbruket visade tecken på stagnation på 1970-talet, förändrades böndernas syn på markinnehAfter post-war land reform that took place between 1949 and 1953, most Taiwanese farmers became owner-cultivators working on small landholdings. Post-war land reform paved the foundation for economic development and industrialization, processes that squeezed the agricultural sector and created changes in farming villages. When Taiwanese agriculture showed signs of stagnation in the 1970s, farmers’

Buildings are responsible for a third of global greenhouse gas emissions, with much of their life cycle impacts resulting from embodied impacts of building materials. One solution to reduce embodied emissions is to use of secondary materials such as by-products and waste materials for producing building materials (in this study referred to as reuse solutions). While this is reported to have positi

The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) will deliver 30,000 fully coherent, high brilliance X-ray pulses per second each with a duration below 100 fs. This will allow the recording of diffraction patterns of single complex molecules and the study of ultra-fast processes. Silicon pixel sensors will be used to record the diffraction images. In 3 years of operation the sensors will be exposed t

Beyond conventional relief efforts, gaining a more detailed picture of constraints, resources and risks encountered by refugees as well as of the meaning differing circumstances have for the concerned individuals may serve as a basis for developing more organised and collective responses to ensure social security in conditions of forced displacement and migration.Syrian refugees live very diverse

Background: Previous studies from our and other centers on young patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have indicated pro-atherosclerotic changes in the carotid arteries and in the lipid and systemic inflammatory profiles without a clear relationship between these changes and the hyperglycemic control. We have also earlier found in these patients a certain HLA-related genetic susceptibility to adver

We identify the socioeconomic determinants of three levels of antenatal care (ANC) visits (no, intermediate [1–3], and recommended [≥4]) in Bangladesh using a behavior model framework for health care utilization. Using multinomial logistic regression, we found that different levels of visits had different determinants; for example, media exposure increased the likelihood of intermediate compared w

Objective:: The loss of a parent to cancer is considered one of the most traumatic events a teenager can experience. Studies have shown that teenagers, from the time of diagnosis, are already extremely worried about the consequences of a parent's cancer but tend to be left to manage these concerns on their own. The present study aimed to explore young adults' advice to healthcare professionals on

There is still a lack of pharmacological treatment options for traumatic brain injury (TBI), the dominant cause of death and disability in persons under the age of 40 in the developed part of the world. Clinical TBI is a markedly complex disease, categorized into different subtypes that differ in their pathophysiology, treatment requirements, and long-term consequences. For successful development

In order to characterize the radium distribution and submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in the Bohai Sea area, the three isotopes 223Ra, 224Ra and 228Ra in different water bodies were measured in a 4-year period with the radium-delayed coincidence counting (RaDeCC) system. The results indicated that radium activities take an order of groundwater > coastal seawater > river water > central seawat

Background:Continuous flow peritoneal dialysis (CFPD) is performed using a continuous flux of dialysis fluid via double or dual-lumen PD catheters, allowing a higher dialysate flow rate (DFR) than conventional treatments. While small clinical studies have revealed greatly improved clearances using CFPD, the inability to predict ultrafiltration (UF) may confer a risk of potentially harmful overfill

The overall objective of this thesis is to understand the role of diversification at household level, its patterns, determinants and effects on rural smallholder farmers in SSA, as well as its implications for the process of structural transformation in SSA. In the thesis, I use a mixed methodology and combine different types of data on rural smallholders in SSA to answer the objectives a review o