Filetype
Most animals, including aquatic crustacean zooplankton, perform strong avoidance movements when exposed to a threat, such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR). We here show that the genera Daphnia and Bosmina instantly adjust their vertical position in the water in accordance with the present UVR threat, i.e., seek refuge in deeper waters, whereas other taxa show less response to the threat. Moreover, D
AbstractBackgroundAdrenomedullin and endothelin-1 are hormones with opposing effects on the cardiovascular system. Adrenomedullin acts as a vasodilator and seems to be important for the initiation and continuation of the hyperdynamic circulatory response in sepsis. Endothelin-1 is a vasoconstrictor and has been linked to decreased cardiac performance. Few studies have studied the relationship betw
Waiting times in cancer care is a patient safety risk that needs increased attention. Mechanisms and effects need to be clarified, waiting time statistics should be openly presented and evidence-based strategies should be implemented. Cancer patient pathways are implemented in Sweden during 2015–2018 and are expected to reduce waiting times for some patient groups, but cannot be expected to presen
Lynch syndrome caused by constitutional mismatch-repair defects is one of the most common hereditary cancer syndromes with a high risk for colorectal, endometrial, ovarian and urothelial cancer. Lynch syndrome is caused by mutations in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes i.e., MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2. After 20 years of genetic counseling and genetic testing for Lynch syndrome, we have compiled the m
To dissect the genetic architecture of blood pressure and assess effects on target organ damage, we analyzed 128,272 SNPs from targeted and genome-wide arrays in 201,529 individuals of European ancestry, and genotypes from an additional 140,886 individuals were used for validation. We identified 66 blood pressure-associated loci, of which 17 were new; 15 harbored multiple distinct association sign
The close relationship between heart and kidney diseases was studied with respect to the ‘Shrunken pore syndrome’ that is characterized by a difference in renal filtration between cystatin C and creatinine. Patients were retrieved from the HeARt and brain failure inVESTigation trail (HARVEST) which is an ongoing study undertaken in individuals hospitalized for the diagnosis of heart failure. Ninet
Monolithic heterogeneous integration of III-V semiconductors with the contemporary Si Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology has instigated a wide range of possibilities and functionalities in the semiconductor industry, in the field of digital circuits, optical sensors, light emitters, and high-frequency communication devices. However, the integration of III-V semiconductors is
In recent years reprogramming techniques, differentiation protocols, and sequencing analysis have opened a field for generating and studying human-derived neurons with greater potential than ever before. This has generated a large number of studies with the goal of deriving bona fide neurons. Both direct reprogramming and differentiation have benefits and drawbacks, while direct reprogramming can
Fluorescent probes based on photoinduced electron transfer (PET) quenching of long lifetime triangulenium fluorophores have found multiple applications. For such probes a successful design relies on the right balance between the rate of PET quenching and fluorescence. In a series of ADOTA (A) and DAOTA (D) triangulenium fluorophores appended with aniline-like quencher moieties, we have investigate
Resolving the structural dynamics of bond breaking, bond formation, and solvation is required for a deeper understanding of solution-phase chemical reactions. In this work, we investigate the photodissociation of triiodide in four solvents using femtosecond time-resolved X-ray solution scattering following 400 nm photoexcitation. Structural analysis of the scattering data resolves the solvent-depe
Hybridization is one of the most fundamental quantum mechanical phenomena, with the text book example of binding two hydrogen atoms in a hydrogen molecule. Here we report tunnel spectroscopy experiments illustrating the hybridization of another type of discrete quantum states, namely of superconducting subgap states that form in segments of a semiconducting nanowire in contact with superconducting
Single-ion magnets (SIMs) constitute the ultimate size limit in the quest for miniaturizing magnetic materials. Several bottlenecks currently hindering breakthroughs in quantum information and communication technologies could be alleviated by new generations of SIMs displaying multifunctionality. Here, ultrafast optical absorption spectroscopy and X-ray emission spectroscopy are employed to track
We investigate self-heating in vertical, gate-all-around III-V InAs/InGaAs nanowire MOSFETs using pulsed IV measurements at various temperatures. Low temperature measurements reveal a negative output conductance indicating self-heating in the transistor. Under pulsed measurements, an increase in drain current (15%) and transconductance (30%) are observed at room temperature, with values influenced
We explore the energetics of microwaves interacting with a double quantum dot photodiode and show wave-particle aspects in photon-assisted tunneling. The experiments show that the single-photon energy sets the relevant absorption energy in a weak-drive limit, which contrasts the strong-drive limit where the wave amplitude determines the relevant-energy scale and opens up microwave-induced bias tri
Several nanowire properties are strongly dependent on their diameter, which is notoriously difficult to control for III–Sb nanowires compared with other III–V nanowires. Herein environmental transmission electron microscopy is utilized to study the growth of Au nanoparticle seeded GaSb nanowires in situ. In this study, the real time changes to morphology and nanoparticle composition as a result of
Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), they often fail to eradicate the leukemia-initiating stem cells (LSCs), causing disease persistence and relapse. Evidence indicates that LSC persistence may be because of bone marrow (BM) niche protection; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we molecularly and function
Binding between ligands and receptors across cell contacts influences a range of biological processes including the formation of the immune synapse. The dissociation constant (Kd = 1/affinity) of the interaction corresponds to the concentration of ligands where half of the receptors in the contact have bound a ligand. In this chapter, we outline how to measure this two-dimensional affinity using m
Background: Associations of body shape with breast cancer risk, independent of body size, are unclear because waist and hip circumferences are correlated strongly positively with body mass index (BMI). Methods: We evaluated body shape with the allometric “a body shape index” (ABSI) and hip index (HI), which compare waist and hip circumferences, correspondingly, among individuals with the same weig
III-V-based Indium gallium arsenide is a promising channel material for high-frequency applications due to its superior electron mobility property. In this thesis, InGaAs/InP heterostructure radio frequency MOSFETs are designed, fabricated, and characterized. Various spacer technologies, from high dielectric spacers to air spacers, are implemented to reduce parasitic capacitances, and fT/fmax are
