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Articular cartilage undergoes structural and compositional changes during osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most common joint diseases. Earlier research shows that these changes are dependent on species and joint site, and they also vary across cartilage depth. In this study, we analyzed the depth-wise proteoglycan and collagen contents, as well as collagen fibril orientation angle and fibril alignm

Background: Chronic pain in children can significantly impact daily functioning. While interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation is the recommended treatment, it is resource-intensive and limited in availability. Therefore, children with more complex symptoms, classified as High Impact Chronic Pain (HICP), need to be prioritized for interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation. However, HICP in children has

Ordered assemblies of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals have traditionally been studied for energy transfer and electronic transport arising from wavefunction overlap between neighboring nanocrystals. In this perspective, we instead focus on light-coupled nanocrystal solids engineered primarily for light emission. These materials include ordered superlattices and compositionally doped assemblie

Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are considered risk factors for complications following total hip arthroplasty (THA). How these risk factors separately or in combination influence the risk of reoperation due to periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) or all-cause reoperation is not fully known. We sought to investigate the 2-year risk of reoperation following THA due to osteoarthritis

Invariant natural killer T 1 (iNKT1) cells are prototypic interferon γ-producing, innate-like T lymphocytes that play crucial roles in protection against pathogen infection and cancer. In the thymus, where these cells develop, iNKT cells contribute to the recruitment of antigen-presenting cells and promote T cell tolerance. Although the transcriptional programs guiding iNKT cell specification are

Nanoparticle properties depend strongly on composition, making precise control essential for applications in catalysis, sensing, and electronics. By combining two or more elements in a single particle, synergistic properties can emerge that are inaccessible to the individual constituents. Realising these benefits, however, requires reliable methods for tuning composition at the nanoscale.This thes

Despite extensive cataloging of carcinogenic exposures by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and pharmacogenomic variation by resources such as PharmVar and CPIC, few platforms unify exposure, metabolic activation and detoxification, DNA damage, and genetic annotation within a single interactive visualization framework. This gap limits systematic evaluation of gene-environment

The success of cell therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) depends on reliable differentiation of stem cells into functional pancreatic islets. Current protocols produce stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) that contain non-endocrine cells and show limited maturity. We developed a robust protocol that generates functional SC-islets from all eight tested human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) lines. Differe

AbstractThe need to minimise wear of hardmetal cutting tool materials requires an understanding of, and in turn accurate measurement of, both the external changes in dimensions and the internal microstructural changes which cause plastic deformation underneath the tool coating.This paper summarises development of methods to quantify the dimensional changes of the complex 3D tip shape of a tool and

Wetlands are often constructed to counteract eutrophication or brownification of downstream waters, although our understanding of their differences in efficiency and effects is still scarce. Therefore, we here used the upper and lower 95% confidence limits of the average retention capacity of 11 wetlands to represent efficient and inefficient wetlands, respectively. We then modelled future scenari

Background: Violent Crime Convicted Persons (VCCPs) are at increased risk of somatic health problems over the life course. However, the topic remains insufficiently studied, particularly regarding interactions with healthcare services in high-risk groups over extended periods. This prospective study aimed to explore adverse somatic outcomes in young adult VCCPs with a history of imprisonment and t

As no one symptom can predict disease severity or the need for dedicated medical support in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we asked whether documenting symptom time series over the first few days informs outcome. Unsupervised time series clustering over symptom presentation was performed on data collected from a training dataset of completed cases enlisted early from the COVID Symptom Study

Our aim was to identify serum microRNAs (miRNAs) in healthy humans which associate with future onset of both diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. We performed global profiling of 753 mature human miRNAs in serum of 12 pilot subjects followed by measurement of 47 consistently expressed miRNAs in fasting serum of 553 healthy subjects from the baseline exam (1991–1994) of the population base

National virtual multidisciplinary team meetings have been established in Swedish cancer care in response to centralized treatment of rare cancers. Though national meetings grant access to a large multidisciplinary network, we hypothesized that video-based meetings may challenge participants’ contributions to the case discussions. We investigated participants’ views and used observational tools to

Background: Case review and discussion at multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTMs) have evolved into standard practice in cancer care with the aim to provide evidence-based treatment recommendations. As a basis for work to optimize the MDTMs, we investigated participants' views on the meeting function, including perceived benefits and barriers. Methods: In a cross-sectional study design, 244 health

TRIM28 is an epigenetic co-repressor protein that mediates transcriptional silencing. TRIM28 participates, together with the large family of Kruppel-associated box domain zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFP) transcription factors, in the repression of transposable elements (TE). Recent advances indicate that TRIM28-based repression of TEs occurs in the mammalian brain and may provide beneficial effects

Background: Axillary lymph node status is one of the most important prognostic factors for breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine predictive factors for metastasis to sentinel node (SN) in primary invasive breast cancer. Method: This is a study of 3979 patients with primary breast cancer during 2008-2013 in Malmö and Lund scheduled for surgery and included in the information retriev