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Aim: Statins lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the exact mechanisms of statins remain unknown. We investigated whether statin therapy associates with epigenetics in Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. Materials & methods: DNA methylation was analyzed in blood from newly diagnosed T2D patients in All New Diabetics in Scania (ANDIS) and a replication cohort Al
Low-grade inflammation and arterial stiffness are key factors in the development of vascular aging. However, the interplay between arterial stiffness and inflammation for cardiovascular (CV) disease is unclear. Aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) and the inflammatory markers, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and orosomucoid, were measured in 2710 participants (median age: 72 years). These p
Sweden has a population-based mammography screening programme for women aged 40–74. The objective of this study was to examine the association between mammography screening attendance and sociodemographic factors in 15 of Sweden's 21 health care regions. Register-based information was collected on all mammography screening invitations and attendance during 2017 and 2018, and linked to individual-l
Cells are exposed to a variety of mechanical cues, including forces from their local environment and physical properties of the tissue. These mechanical cues regulate a vast number of cellular processes, relying on a repertoire of mechanosensors that transduce forces into biochemical pathways through mechanotransduction. Forces can act on different parts of the cell, carry information regarding ma
Background: The inverse observational association between body mass index (BMI) and lung cancer risk remains unclear. We assessed whether the association is explained by metabolic aberrations, residual confounding, and within-person variability in smoking, and compared against other smoking-related cancers. Methods: We investigated the association between BMI, and its combination with a metabolic
Since prenatal glucocorticoids (GC) excess increases the risk of metabolic dysfunctions in the offspring and its effect on β-cell recovery capacity remains unknown we investigated these aspects in offspring from mice treated with dexamethasone (DEX) in the late pregnancy. Half of the pups were treated with streptozotocin (STZ) on the sixth postnatal day (PN). Functional and molecular analyses were
Purpose: To assess the change in mammography screening attendance in Sweden—overall and in sociodemographic groups at risk of low attendance—after removal of the out-of-pocket fee in 2016. Methods: Individual-level data on all screening invitations and attendance between 2014 and 2018 were linked to sociodemographic data from Statistics Sweden. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for at
Unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy is a frequent mild side effect of COVID-19 vaccination. European Society of Breast Imaging (EUSOBI) proposes ten recommendations to standardise its management and reduce unnecessary additional imaging and invasive procedures: (1) in patients with previous history of breast cancer, vaccination should be performed in the contralateral arm or in the thigh; (2) coll
Self-harm, comprising non-suicidal self-injury, and suicide attempts, is a serious and potentially life-threatening behavior that has been associated with poor life quality and an increased risk of suicide. In forensic populations, increased rates of self-harm have been reported, and suicide is one of the leading causes of death. Aside from associations between self-harm and mental disorders, know
Virtual clinical trials (VCTs) can be used to evaluate and optimise medical imaging systems. VCTs are based on computer simulations of human anatomy, imaging modalities and image interpretation. OpenVCT is an open-source framework for conducting VCTs of medical imaging, with a particular focus on breast imaging. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the OpenVCT framework in two tasks involving dig
Emotion regulation has been specifically linked to both non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and attempted suicide. It is also known that self-harm is disproportionally higher (30–68.4%) in forensic samples than in the general population, yet knowledge about the association between emotion regulation and self-harm in forensic settings is scarce. The purpose of this study was to describe emotion regulat
The cutting edge geometry has a significant influence on thermal-mechanical loads and the quality of machined surface in machining operations. In this study, a joint numerical and experimental investigation was conducted to study the effects of tool edge radius on process variables (tool temperatures, force components, stresses) and process dynamics in orthogonal machining Inconel 718. The numeric
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) results from somatic genomic alterations that drive clonal expansion of blood cells. Somatic gene mutations associated with hematologic malignancies detected in hematopoietic cells of healthy individuals, referred to as CH of indeterminate potential (CHIP), have been associated with myeloid malignancies, while mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) have been associated wit
OBJECTIVE: To examine the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic as lived by people with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), in Italy.DESIGN: A qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews.SETTING: Urban and suburban areas in northern Italy.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 11 people with OA were enrolled through a purposeful sampling and completed the study.PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: The experience of I
Objectives: Knowledge is scarce about the outcome of revision surgery for recurrent or persistent ulnar nerve entrapmentat the elbow (UNE). We studied the outcome of subcutaneous (SCT) and submuscular (SMT) ulnar nerve transpositionsdue to UNE, analyzing both primary and revision surgeries, aiming to identify predictors for revision surgery.Methods: All surgically treated UNE cases (2004-2008) at
Hereditary mechanisms are partially responsible for individual differences in sensitivity to and the preference for sweet taste. The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations between 10 genetic variants and the intake of total sugar, added sugar, and sugars with sweet taste (i.e., monosaccharides and sucrose) in a middle-aged Swedish population. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms
Cars are nowadays being programmed to learn how to drive themselves. While autonomous cars are often portrayed as the next step in the auto-motive industry, they have already begun roaming the streets in some US cities. Building on a growing body of critical scholarship on the development of autonomous cars, we explore what machine learning is in open environments like cities by juxtaposing this t
Metal halide perovskites have attracted immense scientific interest due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties over a widebandgap range. Applications cover a wide range of optoelectronic devices from solar cells, LEDs and lasers to X-ray detectors.[1,2] Particularly in combination with existing silicon technology, perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells, which achieve power conver-sion effic
