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This thesis presents a derivation of the equation of motion of particles in a dust star, as it undergoes collapse. This is done by finding exact solutions to the Einstein field equations. We follow the original work by Oppenheimer and Snyder, starting from the general spherically symmetric metric in comoving coordinates. Further, a rederivation of the work by Chen, Adler, Bjorken and Liu shows tha
Antal fordon i trafiken börjar bli allt fler och fler. Detta leder till att vägar behöver underhållas emellanåt. För att åtgärda vägarna så krävs det vägarbetare på plats, 90% av dessa vägarbetare känner oro dagligen på sitt jobb. Anledningen till deras oro är att många trafikanter inte tar någon hänsyn till vägarbetare, de kör aggressivt, hänsynslöst och över hastighetsgränsen. Under åren 2003-20The number of vehicles in traffic is increasing. This means that roads need to be maintained regularly. To repair the roads, road workers are required on site. Ninety percent of these road workers feel anxious daily at their work. The reason for their concern is that many road users do not pay any attention to road workers, they drive aggressively, ruthlessly and over the speed limit. During the y
Amphibians are globally among the most endangered taxonomic groups of vertebrates. This is partly due to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which causes the disease chytridiomycosis, that have led to eradication of more than 90 species of amphibians worldwide. The spadefoot toad (Pelobates fuscus) is one of the Swedish red listed species (VU) that are at risk of being affecte
I framställningen analyseras de straffrättsliga övervägandena i slutbetänkandet av Utredningen om självkörande fordon på väg (SOU 2018:16) ur ett brottsofferperspektiv. Brottsofferperspektivet grundar sig i viktimologisk forskning som framhåller upprättelse som ett centralt behov hos skadade individer. Brottsofferbegreppet centreras, till skillnad från överträdelser av brottsbestämmelser, kring skThis study analyses the considerations, regarding criminal culpability, of the Committee on autonomous vehicles (SOU 2018:16) from a victim’s perspective. The victim’s perspective is based on victimological research presenting redress as a clear need of victims of harm. The definition of a victim is, in this thesis, centred around the harm of an individual injured or killed by an autonomous vehicl
This paper investigates to what extent Swedish-English code-switching and recent English loanwords occur in the printed and online versions of five newspapers and magazines. The newspapers and magazines that were included are Aftonbladet, Amelia, Elle, Café, and Helsingborgs Dagblad. The study shows that English was the most common in the printed media, while the hypothesis was that it would be mo
Svensk domstol har flera gånger ställts inför frågor som rör den islamiska morgongåvan mahr. Högsta domstolen (HD) meddelande två domar som rör rättsinstitutet 2017, NJA 2017 N 6 och NJA 2017 s. 168. Tidigare avgöranden från högsta instans avseende mahr finns inte. Från hovrätterna finns två publicerade avgöranden, RH 1993:66 och RH 2005:116. I avgörandena kvalificeras mahr på två skilda sätt. FSwedish courts have several times faced difficulties arising around the Islamic dower, mahr. The Supreme court settled two cases concerning the legal construction in 2017, NJA 2017 N 6 and NJA 2017 p. 168. The matter had not until then been tried by the Supreme court. There are two preceding rulings from the Courts of Appeal, RH 1993:66 and RH 2005:116. In these decisions, mahr was qualified in tw
In order to grow, the founder must go. This is the conventional wisdom which states that when entrepreneurial firms enter a stage of rapid growth the new business quickly surpasses the skills and capacity of the founder. In this phase of rapid growth this paper aims to understand how entrepreneurs perceive their role as founder CEO as their company grows, and what impact this has on their “decisio
The economy today is linear, which means that all products that are produced have an end of life. It is produced, used and recycled. In the future we are aiming for a circular economy where the products never become waste but instead is reused and remodelled to fill a new purpose. EU has taken on the Directive 2008/98/EC on waste which contains a waste hierarcy. The waste hierarcy aims to prevent
This essay concerns the use of judicial preview and review in Sweden and Germany. First, it is presented how judicial preview and review works in each respective system, and then the procedure of the enactment of a law is presented. In the analysis it is discussed how differently the law would've been treated, if Sweden had the same judicial review as in Germany. The conclusion is that the gr
This essay studies the Swedish law on dangerous asocial behaviour, lagen om åtgärder mot samhällsfarlig asocialitet (SFS 1964:450). The law was passed during a period of time in Swedish social political history characterized by a growing social state and a greater focus on individual rights than before. The stated purpose of the law was, among other things, to send problematic individuals, asocialThis essay studies the Swedish law on dangerous asocial behaviour, lagen om åtgärder mot samhällsfarlig asocialitet (SFS 1964:450). The law was passed during a period of time in Swedish social political history characterized by a growing social state and a greater focus on individual rights than before. The stated purpose of the law was, among other things, to send problematic individuals, asocial
Throughout history, people have always been faced by difficulties regarding their physical conditions. Vision of sight is no different and poor eyesight has certainly hindered a lot of people from achieving their goals in life. To this day, this still holds true and many people around the globe are affected by some sort of visual impairment. The purpose of this study is to describe and to determ
Traditional change management models have been widely used to manage organisational change. However, this integrative literature review paper questions their relevance in environments characterised by complexity due to the intricate nature of challenges and uncertainties in these contexts. A novel framework is developed, encompassing key elements required to facilitate change in complex environmen
The fight against climate change has reached a critical point, requiring financial flows to align with climate-resilient pathways. This thesis investigates the alignment between sovereign green bonds and national climate targets. It expands the discussion from a corporate to a sovereign perspective, thus acknowledging the impact of sustainability disclosure practices by governments on the rest of
Small scale renewable energy systems (SSRES) serve as a potential solution to decrease energy poverty, increase water and food security, and a potential climate change adaptation (CCA) strategy. This thesis investigates the diffusion of such systems amongst indigenous Wayuu communities in La Guajira, Colombia, through Roger's Diffusion Theory. Subsequently, a Water-Energy-Food Security Nexus a
Entreprenadavtal avser i allmänhet omfattande och långvariga arbeten som inbegriper flera olika parter. Det är relativt vanligt förekommande att parterna har olika åsikt gällande hur ett specifikt avtalsvillkor ska tolkas. Det finns ingen entreprenadrättslig lagstiftning. Företrädare för BKK, Byggandets Kontraktskommitté, har framförhandlat standardkontrakt. Standardkontrakten har en stark ställniConstruction contracts generally refer to extensive and long-term projects involving several different parties. It is relatively common for the parties to have different opinions regarding how a specific contractual term should be interpreted. There is no construction contract law in the area. Hereby representatives of the BKK, the Construction Contracts Committee, have negotiated standard contrac
The thesis describes and analyzes individuals' experiences of reduced working hours with retained salary, as well as how this could potentially enable an improved work-life balance. It also investigates how participants experienced pros and cons with reduced working hours. The topic is relevant due to the ongoing societal debate about whether the current 40-hour workweek in Sweden shoul
Popular Abstract in English This doctoral thesis investigates the onset of cardiovascular disease with a focus on socioeconomic differences as explanatory factors. Analyzing a contemporary population of natives and foreign-born individuals in Sweden, socioeconomic status is operationalized through a variety of measures. The importance of this study is found in the high cost of cardiovascular interThis doctoral thesis investigates the relationship between socioeconomic status and the onset of cardiovascular disease in a contemporary population of natives and foreign-born individuals in Sweden. The complexity of individual socioeconomic characteristics and the interrelationship with other cardiovascular risk factors is the focus of the studies in this thesis. As in most developed countries,
Sammanfattning Denna uppsats handlar om de brottsbekämpande myndigheternas användning av den okonventionella spaningsmetoden infiltration, en spaningsmetod som den svenska polisen, sedan många år, utan uttryckligt lagstöd använt sig av. Som utgångspunkt har arbetet haft ett rättssäkerhetsperspektiv på infiltrationsverksamheten. Syftet med undersökningen har, med andra ord, varit att studera det räSummary This thesis is about law enforcement agencies' use of the unconventional reconnaissance method of infiltration, a search method that the Swedish police, for many years, without the express support of the law made use of. As a starting point the work has had a legal perspective on infiltration activities. The aim of the study has, in other words, been to study the legal basis for the us
