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The differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic (DA) fate is relevant for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Shortcuts to obtaining DA cells through direct reprogramming often include forced expression of the transcription factor LMX1A. Although reprogramming with LMX1A can generate tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells, their regional identity rem

Hydropower is a renewable, reliable, and highly predictable source of energy. It has been used for centuries. The tariff of energy generation is divided into two parts: fixed charges and variable charges. Fixed charges are based on the availability of machinery (i.e., plant availability factor) and variable charges are based on the actual energy generation. The energy generation targets are decide

Legal persons have traditionally been understood as entities with legal rights and/or duties. This traditional concept of legal personhood has been challenged during the last decades: In legal practice through the global development in law where previous legal non-persons such as different non-human natural entities, non-human animals, fetuses and artificial intelligences have been ascribed, or be

At the emergency department (ED), it is important to quickly and accurately determine which patients are likely to have a major adverse cardiac event (MACE). Machine learning (ML) models can be used to aid physicians in detecting MACE, and improving the performance of such models is an active area of research. In this study, we sought to determine if ML models can be improved by including a prior

We document the socioeconomics of wind power expansion in Sweden using two metrics. First, we compute the difference in socioeconomic status (SES) between residents exposed to wind power (0-2 km from the closest turbine) and those not exposed. For each site, the metric is computed ten years prior until five years after construction. When the comparison group is other residents within the same muni

Haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal is a process that is essential for the development and homeostasis of the blood system. Self-renewal expansion divisions, which create two daughter HSCs from a single parent HSC, can be harnessed to create large numbers of HSCs for a wide range of cell and gene therapies, but the same process is also a driver of the abnormal expansion of HSCs in diseases

Imaging the strain in nanoscale heterostructures is challenging since it requires a combination of high strain sensitivity and spatial resolution. Here, we show that three-dimensional (3D) Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) can be used to image the strain in a single InP segment within an axially heterostructured GaInP-InP nanowire. We use a 350 nm-diameter X-ray beam, which is smaller than

BACKGROUND: Complement activation may promote atherosclerosis. Yet, data on the to which extent complement, and more specifically the alternative complement pathway, is activated in patients with carotid atherosclerosis and related to adverse outcome in these patients, are scarce.METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured, by ELISA, plasma levels of factor D, properdin, C3bBbP (C3 convertase), and factor H

In this article we aim to highlight the potential of forgotten grave materials in our museum depositories for gaining insights into prehistoric life. By applying a multi-proxy approach to the skeletal remains of two graves of uncertain types from Falbygden in western Sweden, we were able to acquire new knowledge of burial practices, subsistence, health and mobility in Late Neolithic and Early Bron

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. While sociodemographic, dietary and lifestyle factors have been well documented in relation to CVD, environmental factors have been less studied. However, considering the ongoing biodiversity, climate, and health crises, it is imperative to better understand the interplay between the environment and health. Thi

A naturalistic view should make us appreciate the rich possibilities of nature. This naturalistic point of departure, as formulated by Willem B. Drees, invites reflection on the relationship between nature and spirituality. Today, the concept of sustainability occupies a key role in what has come to be the greatest challenge ever that humankind has faced together at the same moment in history. Usu

Dopaminergic (DA) neurons exhibit significant diversity characterized by differences in morphology, anatomical location, axonal projection pattern, and selective vulnerability to disease. More recently, scRNAseq has been used to map DA neuron diversity at the level of gene expression. These studies have revealed a higher than expected molecular diversity in both mouse and human DA neurons. However

Focusing on three initiatives of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Secretariat – the Momentum for Change Initiative, the Lima–Paris Action Agenda, and the Non-state Actor Zone for Climate Action – this chapter studies how an international environmental bureaucracy can evolve from a low-key and servant-like secretariat to an actor in its own right. It argues that in

Introduction: The American Association of Neurologic Surgeons guidelines on the management of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), updated in 2013, focus on spinal cord perfusion, early decompressive surgery, and venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis to improve neurological outcome. Research question: How neurocritical care and initial management have changed with the implementation of updated m

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, not least in the elderly. The incidence of aged TBI patients has increased dramatically during the last decades. High age is a highly negative prognostic factor in TBI, and pharmacological treatment options are lacking. We used the controlled cortical impact (CCI) TBI model in 23-month-old male and female mice and analyzed t