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I uppsatsen utreds vilken bevisbörderegel som i ett tvistemål om olovlig fildelning ska utformas för fastställandet av intrångsgöraren i 54 § i lag (1960:729) om upphovsrätt till litterära och konstnärliga verk. Den huvudsakliga frågeställningen besvaras utifrån situationen där rättighetsinnehavaren, till det fildelade upphovsrättsliga verket, riktar skadeståndsanspråk mot abonnenten av den internThis thesis investigates which burden of proof rule that, in a civil case concerning illegal file sharing, should be designed for the determination of the infringer in Article 54 in the Swedish Copyright Act (1960:729). The main issue is answered based on the situation where the right holder, to the file-shared copyright work, directs claims against the subscriber of the internet connection which

Enligt gällande internationell beskattningsrätt är ett bolags rörelseresultat endast beskattningsbart i bolagets hemviststat såvida det inte bedriver ett fast driftställe i en annan stat. Om bolaget bedriver ett sådant, får inkomster hänförliga till det fasta driftstället beskattas i den andra staten. Ett fast driftställe är en stadigvarande plats för affärsverksamhet var den fysiska platsen är deUnder current international tax law, profits of an enterprise are only taxable in the domicile of the enterprise unless it operates through a permanent establishment in another state. If the enterprise carries on business as aforesaid, profits attributable to the permanent establishment may be taxed in the other state. A permanent establishment is a fixed place of business where the physical locat

Municipalities in OECD-countries have since deregulations in the infrastructure sector during the 1980s increasingly been drawn into novel ways of funding transport infrastructure. Implications amongst different countries in the OECD vary as economic systems and national policy constitute the backdrop for the penetration of private capital in transport infrastructure .This study aims to explain th

By combining a legal doctrinal study and an empirical interview study, this thesis examines the implementation of the right to access to justice under article 13 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities for persons who due to post-traumatic stress syndrome have difficulties accounting for their stories in asylum proceedings. The starting point is that persons with PTSD likely w

Public participation within urban planning has been a big part of academic and political discussions during the last decades, gaining even more popularity today. Due to issues within the representational democracy many stress the need for a greater inclusion of the publics knowledge and opinions within urban development and planning processes. This paper aims to examine How public participation ca

To find the optimal by-pass road alignment in the Tlokweng Planning Area in Botswana, a multi-criteria spatial-based model is developed using the GIS-MCE approach. In respect to the environmental impact assessment (EIA) approach, in this research a set of criteria is classified under 3 themes – economic, environmental and social. To determine the criterion and theme weights and perform their aggre

In Sweden, the social work programme is currently given at 15 different centres of higher education. The programs are standardised through legislation concerning the educational goals, this can be seen through curricula and syllabus. A few of the centres of higher education have chosen also to follow the global standards published by IFSW and IASSW. In this study, the curricula and syllabi from tw

The European Spallation Source is currently under construction in Lund, Sweden. Consisting of a linear accelerator delivering an unprecedented 5 MW proton beam to the spallation source, i.e. a rotating Tungsten disk, it will deliver high-flux neutron beams to multiple beamlines at which scientific experiments will be conducted in many scientific disciplines. To simulate the proton beam and for cr

This thesis work concerns methods for improved spectroscopy including stray-light suppression, dynamic range improvement and signal enhancement. These methods were applied in Raman and Thomson- scattering spectroscopy in combustion and plasma. First, the stray-light suppression method Periodic Shadowing (PS) is implemented in an experimental setup with a high-power high repetition rate laser syste

Syftet med studien var att undersöka och få en fördjupad förståelse för hur internrekryterade chefer upplever att bli chef för tidigare arbetskamrater, och få en ökad insikt i de utmaningar som kan uppstå i samband med detta. Som metod användes en kvalitativ ansats varpå tio semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes. För att analysera intervjumaterialet användes tematisk analys, vilket resulterade The aim of the study was to examine and gain a more in-depth understanding of bosses’ experience regarding internal promotion and becoming the boss for previous work colleagues, as well as gaining more thorough insight regarding the challenges that may occur. A qualitative approach was used in this study, and ten semi-structured interviews were conducted. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the

The concept of industrial symbiosis (IS) provides practical solutions for resource efficiency and low-carbon development. The IS represents a collective, multi-industrial approach for companies to improve their economic and environmental performance through the sharing of heat, electricity, water, by-products, information, and reuse of waste. The main challenges to IS emergence include a long dura

The issue of pharmaceutical pollution has recently gained attention on the international political agenda as several actors have raised concern for its negative impact on ecosystems, human health, and livelihoods in emerging economies where an increasing share of the pharmaceutical production is located due to the cheaper labor and less stringent environmental regulations. In 2019, the OECD publis

Forced air convection systems are the most preferred design of choice in many of the industrial-scale convection ovens. In this study, experimental investigation on convective heat transfer and mass transfer within a forced air convection oven was performed at different oven temperatures (100℃, 110℃ and 120℃) and at flow velocity (2 m/s, 3 m/s and 4 m/s) using potato slices (10*10*60 mm) as model

This study assessed the work of individuals, organizations and the state in the promotion of women’s right to education after the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. It drew from the theories of feminism and masculinity as well as Feminist Security Studies and gender and development studies. In order to achieve its objective, the study adopted a triangulated research method which involved Discourse Ana

Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, a polar ocean specialist, thrives in the Antarctic severe physical conditions. The krill life cycle consists of strategies that have enabled and supported the species’ dominance of the Antarctic Ocean. Sea Ice extent and duration creates condition that are crucial for survival of the Furcilia larvae. The species has flexibility to food resources and is omnivorou

Abstrakt Titel: Sjuksköterskors och verksamhetschefers syn på kompetensstegen för sjuksköterskor inom offentligt drivna vårdcentraler i Region Skåne Bakgrund: Svårigheter att rekrytera nya medarbetare, brist på effektiv användning av befintlig kompetens samt att säkerställa kompetensutvecklingen utgör en stor utmaning för vården. Tanken med implementering av kompetensstegen i primärvården i Region

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that plays a major role in climate change. Significant uncertainty exists in the estimates of emissions from natural methane sources. This uncertainty in data is one of the primary scientific challenges in climate model. Geological seepage considered as the second largest natural source of methane after wetlands and today is recognized as a major contributor to a

In this thesis, a study is made into relative positioning and control systems for flying wing Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) intended to be used by the Swedish Sea Rescue Society (SSRS) for the purpose of providing assistance during sea rescue missions. The particular scenario of interest is robust relative positioning to be used for autonomous landing of a MAV on a boat at the end of a rescue missi

Den allmänna preskriptionstiden är enligt preskriptionslagen (1981:130) tio år räknat från fordrans tillkomst, även kallat tillkomstprincipen. Utomobligatoriska skadeståndsanspråk anses tillkomna då den skadevållande handlingen begås. Vid fortlöpande skadevållande handlingar anses anspråket tillkommit då varje enskild handling begås. Den som avtjänat ett frihetsberövande straff har vid frikännandAccording to the Swedish Act on Limitation (1981:130), the general limitation period recites to ten years, counted from the day of the creation of the claim. Non- contractual damage claims are deemed to be created on the day of the harmful act. Continuous harmful acts are deemed to be created each day that the act is committed. A person who has served a custodial penalty has the right to compensa