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Background: Dioxins and polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that have demonstrated endocrine disrupting properties. Several of these chemicals are carcinogenic and positive associations have been suggested with breast cancer risk. In general population, diet represents the main source of exposure. Methods: Associations between dietary intake of 17 dioxins and 35 PCBs and b

Herein we studied the processes at the liquid aqueous interface at pH 7 and 8.5 during Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of nanosized tri-, di- and mono-olein films deposited on a planar substrate. By employing a combination of ellipsometry, QCM-D and ATR-FTIR, we were able to reveal the physical properties of the thin films at high time resolution throughout the initial hydratio

Existing evidence indicates that gut fungal dysbiosis might play a key role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). We sought to explore whether reversing the fungal dysbiosis by terbinafine, an approved antifungal drug, might inhibit the development of CRC. A population-based study from Sweden identified a total of 185 patients who received terbinafine after their CRC diagnosis and found

Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) consist of two major functionally and phenotypically distinct subsets, cDC1 and cDC2, whose development is dependent on distinct sets of transcription factors. Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is required at multiple stages of cDC1 development, but its role in committed cDC1 remains unclear. Here, we used Xcr1-cre to delete Irf8 in committed cDC1 and demons

ObjectiveComplete genetic deficiency of the complement component C2 is a strong risk factor for monogenic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but whether heterozygous C2 deficiency adds to the risk of SLE or primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) has not been studied systematically. Here we investigated heterozygous C2 deficiency and C4 copy number variation in relation to clinical manifestations in SLE

Physical activity (PA) has been associated with a lower risk of some obesity-related cancers, but the combined association and interaction of PA and body weight on obesity-related cancer risk is less clear. We examined the association of leisure-time PA (high/low) and its combination with body mass index (BMI, <25 [low]/≥25 [high] kg/m2) on obesity-related cancer risk in 570 021 individuals, aged

Background: Reliable biomarkers of androgen activity in humans are lacking. The aim of this study was, therefore, to identify new protein markers of biological androgen activity and test their predictive value in relation to low vs normal testosterone values and some androgen deficiency linked pathologies. Methods: Blood samples from 30 healthy GnRH antagonist treated males were collected at three

This paper provides reflections on transdisciplinary knowledge coproduction and experimentation processes from sustainability researcher perspectives. It centers on a 5-year period of collaborative research with small- and medium-sized enterprises in an Urban Living Lab in the Swedish craft beer sector. Nine reflections cover a variety of issues and potentials encountered during numerous interacti

Billions of birds migrate every year. To conduct a successful migration, birds undergo a multitude of physiological adaptions. One such adaptation includes adjustments of immune function, however, little is known about intraspecies (between-individual) and interspecies (between-species) variation in immune modulations during migration. Here, we explore if early and late migrating individuals diffe

Testosterone is a hormone that plays a key role in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. Testosterone deficiency is associated with multiple comorbidities, e.g., metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Despite its importance in many metabolic pathways, the mechanisms by which it controls metabolism are not fully understood. The present study investigated the short-term metabolic changes of ph

Background/Purpose:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased rate of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Systemic inflammation has been implicated as a key factor behind CV comorbidity in RA. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of disease activity and inflammation over the first two years on the risk of subsequent CV events in patients with early RA.Methods:An incept

Fibrillar protein aggregates are a hallmark of a range of human disorders, from prion diseases to dementias, but are also encountered in several functional contexts. Yet, the fundamental links between protein assembly mechanisms and their functional or pathological roles have remained elusive. Here, we analyze the aggregation kinetics of a large set of proteins that self-assemble by a nucleated-gr

The dramatic increase in accessibility to sequencing technologies has opened new avenues into studying different processes, cells, and animal models. In the amphibian models used for regeneration research, these new datasets have uncovered a variety of information about what genes define the regenerating limb as well as how genes and cells change over the course of regeneration. The accumulation o

Objective: Mounting evidence indicates increased risk of COVID-19 among healthcare personnel, but the evidence on risks in other occupations is limited. In this study, we quantify the occupational risk of COVID-19-related hospital admission in Denmark during 2020-2021.Methods: The source population included 2.4 million employees age 20-69 years. All information was retrieved from public registers.

Photostability is critical for long-term solar cell operation. While light-triggered defects are usually reported as evidence of material degradation, we reveal that the formation of certain defects in metal halide perovskites is crucial for protection against intense or prolonged light exposure. We identify an inherent self-regulating cycle of formation and recovery of ionic defects under light e

The two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) that forms on a semiconductor surface can be used to explore a variety of phenomena in quantum physics and plays an important role in nanoscale electronics, such as transistors. Controlling its formation is, thus, relevant. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and accumulating the signal over many nanocrystals, we find that on clean InAs n

X-ray time-resolved tomography is one of the most popular X-raytechniques to probe dynamics in three dimensions (3D). Recent developments in time-resolved tomography opened the possibility of recordingkilohertz-rate 3D movies. However, tomography requires rotating thesample with respect to the X-ray beam, which prevents characterization of faster structural dynamics. Here, we present megahertz (MH

BACKGROUND: Bronchodilator responsiveness (BDR) in asthma involves both the central and peripheral airways but is primarily relieved with beta-2-agonists and evaluated by spirometry. To date, antimuscarinics can be added as a reliever medication in more severe asthma. We hypothesize that combining both short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) and short-acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA) could also impr

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between source-specific ambient particulate air pollution concentrations and the incidence of dementia. The study encompassed 70,057 participants from the Västerbotten intervention program cohort in Northern Sweden with a median age of 40 years at baseline. High-resolution dispersion models were employed to estimate source-specific particul

Background: Commuting, transportation from the home to the work place has been claimed to increase the material wealth. Although economy and flexibility to choose where to live and work will improve for the individual, several studies have shown that health become aggravated with increased commuting. One plausible explanation to the negative health is reduced social capital. Aim: Our primary hypot