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Polylactic acid nanoparticles (PLA NPs) according to food and drug administration are biodegradable and biocompatible polymers that have received a lot of attention due to their natural degradation mechanism. Although there is already available information concerning the effects of PLA microplastic to aquatic organisms, the knowledge about PLA NPs is still vague. In the present study, we analyzed
Binding between ligands and receptors across cell contacts influences a range of biological processes including the formation of the immune synapse. The dissociation constant (Kd = 1/affinity) of the interaction corresponds to the concentration of ligands where half of the receptors in the contact have bound a ligand. In this chapter, we outline how to measure this two-dimensional affinity using m
Due to desirable optical properties, such as efficient luminescence and large Stokes shift, DNA-templated silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs) have received significant attention over the past decade. Nevertheless, the excited-state dynamics of these systems are poorly understood, as studies of the processes ultimately leading to a fluorescent state are scarce. Here we investigate the early time relaxa
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the association between quadriceps strength and synovitis in knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS: This study was derived from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), which recruited adults from the OAI cohort with or at risk of KOA. Knees with complete records of isometric quadriceps strength and effusion-synovitis and Hoffa-synovitis assessments were in
The light output of quantum cascade lasers is strongly affected by electric field-domain oscillations if the laser shows electrical instabilities. This can result in a substantial broadening of the emission spectrum, which is investigated here by detailed simulations for a terahertz device. We explain how the light pulsation is affected by electrical injection conditions and external capacitances.
Ultrafast (UF) dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI offers the potential for a faster and, therefore, less expensive examination of breast lesions; however, there are no reports that have evaluated whether UF DCE-MRI can be used the same as conventional DCE-MRI in the reading of morphological information. This study evaluated the agreement in morphological information obtained from malignant breast
Dense urban morphologies further amplify extreme climate events due to the urban heat island phenomenon, rendering cities more vulnerable to extreme climate events. Here we develop a modelling framework using multi-scale climate and energy system models to assess the compound impact of future climate variations and urban densification on renewable energy integration for 18 European cities. We obse
OBJECTIVES: To elucidate antibody responses after the second and third dose of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) treated with biologic/targeted disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (b/ts DMARDs).METHODS: Antibody levels to antigens representing spike full length protein and spike S1 were measured before vaccination, 2-12 weeks after the second dose, before a
We studied the prevalence and patterns of typical long COVID complaints in ~ 2.3 million individuals aged 18–70 years with and without confirmed COVID-19 in a Nation-wide population-based prospective cohort study in Norway. Our main outcome measures were the period prevalence of single-occurring or different combinations of complaints based on medical records: (1) Pulmonary (dyspnea and/or cough),
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease caused by disruption of joint homeostasis by a variety of systemic and biomechanical factors. The disease is characterized by degradation of cartilage and other joint tissues, and low-grade inflammation which may result in pain, reduced function, and disability. The disease appears to have ancient origins, with findings of OA recognized in fossilized
Studies of therapy-related AML (t-AML) are usually performed in selected cohorts and reliable incidence rates are lacking. In this study, we characterized, defined the incidence over time and studied prognostic implications in all t-AML patients diagnosed in Sweden between 1997 and 2015. Data were retrieved from nationwide population-based registries. In total, 6,779 AML patients were included in
BACKGROUND: 4-hydroxychlorothalonil (HCT, R182281), a transformation product of the fungicide chlorothalonil, was recently identified in human serum and breast milk. There are indications that HCT may be more toxic and environmentally persistent than chlorothalonil.OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate serum concentrations of HCT in pregnant women in Sweden and Costa Rica.METHODS: We developed a q
In studies recruited on a voluntary basis, lack of representativity may impair the ability to generalize findings to the target population. Previous studies, primarily based on surveys, have suggested that generalizability may be improved by exploiting data on individuals who agreed to participate only after receiving one or several reminders, as such individuals may be more similar to non-partici
Background/AimsThe reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) assesses endothelial function, with a proposed cut-off of <1.67 for prevalent endothelial dysfunction (ED). However, uncertainties remain about whether this cut-off is age-dependent and applicable in healthy individuals. We aimed to explore ED in relation to age within a large population-based cohort of young to middle-aged, healthy individuals.Me
In this article I call for an awareness of the mobile commons– the informal support that exists among migrating people, NGOs, and activists – in relation to the realization of family reunification. Taking its point of departure in a concrete case of family reunification for young unaccompanied children, the article seeks to expose how the traditional legal notion of the liberal subject fails to pr
A growing community is constructing a next-generation file format (NGFF) for bioimaging to overcome problems of scalability and heterogeneity. Organized by the Open Microscopy Environment (OME), individuals and institutes across diverse modalities facing these problems have designed a format specification process (OME-NGFF) to address these needs. This paper brings together a wide range of those c
