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CONTEXT: Prior research suggests that drug abuse (DA) is strongly influenced by both genetic and familial environmental factors. No large-scale adoption study has previously attempted to verify and integrate these findings. OBJECTIVE: To determine how genetic and environmental factors contribute to the risk for DA. DESIGN: Follow-up in 9 public databases (1961-2009) of adopted children and their

To estimate the current and future (to year 2032) impact of osteoarthritis (OA) health care seeking.

OBJECTIVETo investigate associations of maternal gestational weight gain and body composition and their impact on offspring body composition and adipocytokine, glucose, and insulin concentrations at age 4 months.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis was a prospective study including 31 mother-infant pairs (N = 62). Maternal body composition was assessed using doubly labeled water. Infant body compositio

Background and purpose - In 2003, an enquiry by the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register (SKAR) 2-7 years after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) revealed patients who were dissatisfied with the outcome of their surgery but who had not been revised. 6 years later, we examined the dissatisfied patients in one Swedish county and a matched group of very satisfied patients. Patients and methods - 118 TKAs i

Background No comprehensive systematic review of the accuracy of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement methods using renal inulin clearance as reference has been published. Study Design Systematic review with meta-analysis of cross-sectional diagnostic studies. Setting & Population Published original studies and systematic reviews in any population. Selection Criteria for Studies Index

Polytype nanodots are arguably the simplest nanodots than can be made, but their technological control was, up to now, challenging. We have developed a technique to produce nanowires containing exactly one polytype nanodot in GaAs with thickness control. These nanodots have been investigated by photoluminescence, which has been cross-correlated with transmission electron microscopy. We find that s

We carried out a trans-ancestry genome-wide association and replication study of blood pressure phenotypes among up to 320,251 individuals of East Asian, European and South Asian ancestry. We find genetic variants at 12 new loci to be associated with blood pressure (P = 3.9 × 10(-11) to 5.0 × 10(-21)). The sentinel blood pressure SNPs are enriched for association with DNA methylation at multiple n

Abstract Introduction: Oxygen is considered to have analgesic effects, but the evidence is weak. Oxygen may be harmful to the ischemic myocardium. The aim was to investigate the analgesic effect of oxygen during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to evaluate cardiac injury. Material and methods: The OXYPAIN was a phase II randomized trial with a double blind design. 305 patients were ran

Background: Airway remodeling in COPD includes reorganization of the extracellular matrix. Proteoglycans play a crucial role in this process as regulators of the integrity of the extracellular matrix. Altered proteoglycan immunostaining has been demonstrated in COPD lungs and this has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis. The major cell type responsible for production and maintenance o

The purpose of this study is to investigate if the prescription of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) was associated with a sudden risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) while controlling for time-invariant confounding by using a case-crossover design. An association might indicate that physicians take prodromal symptoms of myocardial ischaemia for dyspepsia.

Background/Aims: Obesity is a pervasive and highly prevalent disease that poses substantial health risks to those it affects. The rapid emergence of obesity as a global epidemic and the patterns and distributions of the condition within and between populations suggest that interactions between inherited biological factors (e.g. genes) and relevant environmental factors (e.g. diet and physical acti

Clinically relevant weight loss is achievable through lifestyle modification, but unintentional weight regain is common. We investigated whether recently discovered genetic variants affect weight loss and/or weight regain during behavioral intervention. Participants at high-risk of (Diabetes Prevention Program [DPP]; N=917/907 intervention/comparison) or with (Look AHEAD; N=2,014/1,892 interventio

AIM: To investigate serial serum concentrations of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients treated with mild hypothermia after cardiac arrest, and to study their association to severe infections, post cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) and long-term outcome. METHODS: Serum samples from cardiac arrest patients treated with mild hypothermia were collected serially at admission, 2, 6

The performance of six custom-built Hygrocopicity-Tandem Differential Mobility Analyser (H-TDMA) systems was investigated in the frame of an international calibration and intercomparison workshop held in Leipzig, February 2006. The goal of the workshop was to harmonise H-TDMA measurements and develop recommendations for atmospheric measurements and their data evaluation. The H-TDMA systems were co

This study examines whether neighbourhood deprivation increases the risk of hospitalization for childhood asthma, after accounting for individual-level maternal socio-demographic characteristics.

Background Several European studies have found significant small area variation in the risk of childhood onset (type 1) diabetes (T1D) which has been interpreted as evidence for contextual determinants of T1D. However, this conclusion may be fallacious since the limited number of newborn infants and the low risk for T1D is a source of spurious variability not properly handled by usual statistical

To assess knee cartilage quality and subjective knee function, 20 years after injury in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injured copers.