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Background: Our aim was to study the association between the country of birth and incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in several immigrant groups in Sweden, using individuals born in Sweden or with Swedish-born parents as referents. Methods: A cohort study of first- and second-generation immigrants residing in Sweden between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2012 was performed. Outcomes were d
Background Both internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (ICBT) and physical exercise are alternatives to treatment as usual (TAU) in managing mild to moderate depression in primary care.Aims To determine the cost-effectiveness of ICBT and physical exercise compared with TAU in primary care.Method Economic evaluation of a randomised controlled trial (N = 945) in Sweden. Costs were estimated by
Quantitative measurements of CH4 mole fractions at different HAB in the flame were realized by a calibration measurement in a low pressure gas flow of N2 with a small admixture of known amount of CH4. A comprehensive study of the collision effects on the IRPS signal was performed in order to quantify the flame measurement. The concentration and temperature measurements were found to agree reasonab
With complete genealogical and cohabitation information, new genetic-epidemiological designs can be developed to clarify causes of parent-offspring transmission. We propose the Multiple Parenting Relationships (MPR) Design and apply it to drug abuse (DA) and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Using national Swedish registries, we identified four kinds of informative parents with multiple children with wh
Background: Abdominal obesity is on the increase worldwide and ethnic minority groups are at high risk. However, studies of the underlying causes are scarce. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of abdominal obesity and to identify metabolic, lifestyle and socio-demographic risk factors associated with abdominal obesity in male and female residents of Malmö, a city in southern
Risk of dementia is increased in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to study associations between relevant comorbidities and prevalent as well as incident dementia in AF patients. Study population included all adults (n = 12,283) ≥ 45 years diagnosed with AF at 75 primary care centers in Sweden 2001–2007. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence
Previous high-risk family designs in psychiatry have focused largely on offspring of affected parents. We take a pedigree-based approach and examine the social, psychological, and psychiatric features of offspring from extended pedigrees selected for high-densities of alcohol use disorder (AUD) or drug abuse (DA). We identified, from the Swedish population, 665,715 pedigrees containing a mean of 1
Background: Spirometry, the main tool for diagnosis and follow-up of COPD, incompletely describes the disease. Based on volumetric capnography (VCap), an index was developed for the diagnosis and grading of COPD, aimed as a complement or alternative to spirometry. Methods: Nine non-smokers, 10 smokers/former smokers without COPD and 54 smokers/ former smokers with COPD were included in the study.
Background: Glaucoma has a familial component but detailed data on the modification of familial risks are lacking. The aim of the study was to determine detailed familial risks for medically diagnosed glaucoma based on nationwide hospital and population records. Methods: Subjects were obtained from the Multigeneration Register, contains the Swedish population in families, and glaucoma patients wer
Some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are known carcinogens and workplace PAH exposure may increase the risk of cancer. Monitoring early cancer-related changes can indicate whether the exposure is carcinogenic. Here, we enrolled 151 chimney sweeps, 152 controls, and 19 creosote-exposed male workers from Sweden. We measured urinary PAH metabolites using LC/MS/MS, the cancer-related markers te
Antimicrobial stewardship programmes including a multidisciplinary team of urologists, infectious disease specialists, and microbiologists reduce the total use of antibiotics in urological care without jeopardising the patient outcome. It is a recommended tool for education and feedback.
Background: According to the literature the three stone diseases, sialolithiasis (SL), urolithiasis (UL) and cholelithiasis (CL) share comorbidities. We assess familial and spouse risks between these stone disease and compare them to familial risks for concordant (same) stone disease. Methods: Study population including familiar relationships was obtained from the Swedish Multigeneration Register
Transcription factors normally regulate gene expression through their action at sites where they bind to DNA. However, the balance of activating and repressive functions that a transcription factor can mediate is not completely understood. Here, we showed that the transcription factor PU.1 regulated gene expression in early T cell development both by recruiting partner transcription factors to its
Although it is firmly established that endogenous immunity can prevent cancer outgrowth, with a range of immunomodulatory strategies reaching clinical use, most studies on the topic have been restricted to solid cancers. This applies in particular to cancer initiation, where model constraints have precluded investigations of immunosurveillance and immunoediting during the multistep progression int
Background: With continuous increases in survival rates following breast cancer (BC) diagnosis, the challenge of multiple primary cancers has become an issue. The data on familial risk of SPCs after BC diagnosis and the related mortality in BC patients are scarce. Methods: A total of 87 752 female BC patients were followed for SPC diagnoses and records of death. Relative risks (RRs) of SPC in BC p
Background Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. Methods For this an
