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Guided by complexity theory, in this article, we argue that a complex understanding of disaster response management can be achieved by making multiple, transparent and modest interpretations. We suggest an analytical framework in which multiple system interpretations are constructed, all based on explicit analytical choices according to three aspects: (1) system dimension, (2) system scope and (3)
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE—: Patient selection in clinical trials on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) affects overall applicability of results. We estimated eligibility for completed, ongoing, and planned clinical trials in an unselected cohort of patients with ICH. METHODS—: Large clinical ICH trials were identified using trial registration databases. Each trial’s inclusion criteria were applied to a c
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized bychronic inflammation of the colonic mucosa. Administrationof dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to animals is a frequentlyused model to mimic human colitis. Deregulationof the immune response to the enteric microflora orpathogens as well as increased intestinal permeability havebeen proposed as disease-driving mechanisms. To enlargethe understanding of the path
Background: Severe alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (PiZZ) predisposes to morbidity and mortality due to early-onset emphysema and liver disease. The risk of death from other causes, including cardiovascular disease and cancer, has not been well investigated. We aimed to analyze cause-specific mortality in PiZZ individuals compared with the general Swedish population. Methods: Data on 1,561 PiZZ ind
Adult neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPs) are multipotent and self-renew over an extensive period of time. Transformation events in such cells, such as genetic or epigenetic alterations can result in brain tumors. One goal of research on brain tumors is to identify which regulators are impaired during tumor initiation, development and maintenance in order to understand the origin of brain tumors a
Purpose of review To review the findings and methodological strengths and limitations of studies of breathlessness using population-based or routinely collected data, including the novel methodology of the registry-based randomized controlled trial (R-RCT). Recent findings Breathlessness severe enough to restrict activity is common and increases in the last months of life both among elderly in the
Background: Early-life physical fitness has rarely been examined in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in adulthood because of the lengthy follow-up required. Elucidation of modifiable risk factors at young ages may help facilitate earlier and more effective interventions. Objective: To examine aerobic capacity and muscle strength at age 18 years in relation to risk for type 2 DM in adultho
Topological superconductors are appealing building blocks for robust and reliable quantum information processing. Most platforms for engineering topological superconductivity rely on a combination of superconductors, materials with intrinsic strong spin-orbit coupling, and external magnetic fields, detrimental for superconductivity. We propose a setup where a conventional Josephson junction is lin
Data regarding excretion of SARS-CoV-2 in semen are inconclusive and counseling regarding risk of sexual transmission is still challenging. Our knowledge on the effect of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) on male reproductive system is also scarce. Apart from negative effect of fever on spermatogenesis virtually no study has been able to compare reproductive parameters in men with COVID-19
BackgroundIndividuals with wrist osteoarthritis (OA) can suffer from pain, muscular weakness, and impaired motion of the wrist, which can reduce the quality of life. While there is strong evidence that all patients with OA should receive first-line treatment with education and exercises, this approach has not yet been proposed for individuals with wrist OA. Therefore, this trial aimed to evaluate
Background Breathlessness and fatigue are common symptoms in older people. We aimed to evaluate how different breathlessness dimensions (overall intensity, unpleasantness, sensory descriptors, emotional responses) were associated with fatigue in elderly men. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of the population-based VAScular disease and Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (VASCOL) study of 7
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was discovered in the 1970s, with assays to detect PSA in blood approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1986. Almost from the very beginning, its role as a prostate cancer marker has been severely misunderstood. One of the most well-known misconceptions is that prostate cancer detectable by elevated PSA in asymptomatic men requires treatment, irrespective
Introduction: Quantifying inert gas wash-out is crucial to understanding the pathophysiology of decompression sickness. In this study, we developed a portable closed-circuit device for measuring inert gas wash-out and validated its precision and accuracy both with and without human subjects. Methods: We developed an exhalate monitor with sensors for volume, temperature, water vapor and oxygen. Ine
Objective: The goals of this study were to assess the associations of severe nonadherence to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), objectively assessed by HCQ serum levels, and risks of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares, damage, and mortality rates over five years of follow-up. Methods: The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) Inception Cohort is an international multicenter init
