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Spatially-distributed values of glacier aerodynamic roughness (z0) are vital for robust estimates of turbulent energy fluxes and ice and snow melt. Microtopographic data allow rapid estimates of z0 over discrete plot-scale areas, but are sensitive to data scale and resolution. Here, we use an extensive multi-scale dataset from Hintereisferner, Austria, to develop a correction factor to derive z0 v
A literature review of methods where different hazards are combined into a multi-hazard index or method are presented in this report. The purpose of the review is to get an insight into approaches to combine different hazards into a multi-hazard index or method. To directly combine hazards, it is necessary to present them with the same unit of measure. This can be done with different measures for
Background Triptolide is an active natural product, which inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell apoptosis, suppresses tumor metastasis and improves the effect of other therapeutic treatments in several cancer cell lines by affecting multiple molecules and signaling pathways, such as caspases, heat-shock proteins, DNA damage and NF-ĸB. Purpose We investigated the effect of triptolide towards NF
A g-C3N4/CdSe quantum dot/[Fe2S2(CO)6] composite has been successfully constructed. The structure and chemical composition of the composite were investigated via, inter alia, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The ability of the assembly to act as a photocatalyst for proton reduction to form hydrogen g
Light microscopy is a powerful single-cell technique that allows for quantitative spatial information at subcellular resolution. However, unlike flow cytometry and single-cell sequencing techniques, microscopy has issues achieving high-quality population-wide sample characterization while maintaining high resolution. Here, we present a general framework, data-driven microscopy (DDM), that uses pop
Many environmental risk factors for hepatobiliary cancers are known but whether they are associated with specific cancer types is unclear. We present here a novel approach of assessing standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of previously diagnosed comorbidities for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gallbladder cancer (GBC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and ampullary cancer. The 13 comorbidities included a
The latticework duct plays an important role in turbine blade cooling for aircraft engines. The present numerical research provided information about the thermal performance in latticework ducts with different endwall shapes. Each latticework duct analyzed in this study had a crossing angle of 90° and 11 sub channels on both the two sides of the endwall. A numerical investigation was conducted at
Objective Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and severe manifestation of SLE. The genetic risk for nephritis and progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with LN remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to identify novel genetic associations with LN, focusing on subphenotypes and ESRD. Methods We analysed genomic data on 958 patients with SLE (discovery cohort: LN=338) with targeted sequen
The ferroelectric (FE)-antiferroelectric (AFE) transition in Hf1-xZrxO2 (HZO) is for the first time shown in a metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor (MFS) stack based on the III-V material InAs. As InAs displays excellent electron mobility and a narrow band gap, the integration of ferroelectric thin films for nonvolatile operations is highly relevant for future electronic devices and motivates further
BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of cancer. However, it is unclear whether it is a cause of cancer. This two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, uses genetic instruments to proxy the exposure of mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer summary statistics as outcomes, allowing for causal inferences.METHODS: Summary statistics from 18 common cancers (2107-491,974 participant
Background: Autoimmune diseases are associated with many cancers but there is a lack of population-based studies with different autoimmune diseases that have a long follow-up. This is also true of hepatobiliary cancers, which include hepatocellular cancer (HCC) and rarer entities of gallbladder cancer (GBC), intra- and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA and eCCA), and ampullary cancer. Methods:
We present a computational framework to simultaneously perform image acquisition, reconstruction, and analysis in the context of open-source microscopy automation. The setup features multiple computer units intersecting software with hardware devices and achieves automation using python scripts. In practice, script files are executed in the acquisition computer and can perform any experiment by mo
Extending the lifetime of products enables material resource savings and provides an effective resource efficiency strategy within a circular economy paradigm. Although consumer demand for longer lasting products that can be easily repaired has been on the rise, it is not certain that consumers are fully able to identify such products and willing to pay a premium for them. France introduced a mand
We use density-matrix simulations to study the performance of three distance three quantum error correction (QEC) codes in the context of the rare-earth (RE) ion-doped crystal platform for quantum computing. We analyze pseudothresholds for these codes when parallel operations are not available, and examine the behavior both with and without resting errors. In RE systems, resting errors can be miti
Objective: Differences in outcome after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer can partly be explained by intersurgeon differences, where degree of experience is one important aspect. This study aims to define the learning curve of robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) regarding oncological and functional outcomes. Materials and methods: Out of 4003 enrolled patients in the LAPPRO tr
The discovery that the CRISPR/Cas9 system could be used for genome editing purposes represented a major breakthrough in the field. This advancement has notably facilitated the introduction or correction of disease-specific mutations in healthy or disease stem cell lines respectively; therefore, easing disease modeling studies in combination with differentiation protocols. For many years, variabili
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) in human pregnancy is associated with perinatal mortality, short- and long-term morbidities. No prenatal therapy is currently established despite decades of research. We aimed to review interventions in animal models for prenatal FGR treatment, and to seek the next steps for an effective clinical therapy. We registered our protocol and searched MEDLINE, Embase, and T
Objectives: Insufficient sleep is a public health problem that impacts the mental and physical health of children and adolescents. Complaints of insomnia are particularly pervasive among adolescents. This longitudinal study investigates factors that contribute to teen insomnia symptoms. Design: Five-year prospective follow-up study. Setting: School-based. Participants: A total of 522 children (49.
Animal migration is one of the most spectacular and visible behavioural phenomena in nature with profound implications for a range of ecological and evolutionary processes. Successful migration hinges on the ability to exploit temporary resources (e.g. food) and evade threats (e.g. predators) as they arise, and thus the timing of migration is often regarded as a dominant predictor of individual mi
