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The shortest light pulses produced to date are of the order of a few tens of attoseconds, with central frequencies in the extreme UV range and bandwidths exceeding tens of electronvolts. They are often produced as a train of pulses separated by half the driving laser period, leading in the frequency domain to a spectrum of high, odd-order harmonics. As light pulses become shorter and more spectral
Background: Understanding current patterns of functional decline will inform patient care and has health service and resource implications. Aim: This prospective consecutive cohort study aims to map the shape of functional decline trajectories at the end of life by diagnosis. Design: Changes in functional status were measured using the Australia-modified Karnofsky Performance Status Scale. Segment
Some light beams rotate as they propagate. If it is not the polarization vector, but the phase structure that rotates, the beam is said to carry orbital angular momentum (OAM). Such beams exhibit a helical phase front, where the phase rotates around a symmetry center. Because the phase in the center is undefined (and the intensity there is therefore zero), it is often termed a phase singularity or
The opportunity to engineer III-V nanowires in wurtzite and zinc blende crystal structure allows for exploring properties not conventionally available in the bulk form as well as opening the opportunity for use of additional degrees of freedom in device fabrication. However, the fundamental understanding of the nature of polytypism in III-V nanowire growth is still lacking key ingredients to be ab
In the Bunkeflo project, one elementary school increased duration of school physical activity (PA) to 200 minutes/week while 3 control schools continued with 60 minutes/week throughout the nine elementary school years. We then registered fractures in 3534 children, and evaluated the duration of PA, bone mass and muscle strength in a subsample (n=140) during the intervention and 3 years after. The
Formation of cubic diamond from graphite following irradiation by a single, intense, ultra-short laser pulse has been observed. Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) samples were irradiated by a 100 fs pulse with a center wavelength of 800 nm. Following laser exposure, the HOPG samples were studied using Raman spectroscopy of the sample surface. In the laser-irradiated areas, nanoscale cubic d
Background aims. Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) are gene therapy, somatic cell therapy or tissue-engineered products regulated under (EC) No. 1394/2007 to ensure their free movement within the European Union while guaranteeing the highest level of health protection for patients. Academic good manufacturing practice (GMP) centers are major contributors in the development of ATMPs and th
The question of how the vertebrate embryo gives rise to a nervous system is of paramount interest in developmental biology. Neural induction constitutes the earliest step in this process and is tightly connected with development of the embryonic body axes. In the Xenopus embryo, perpendicular gradients of BMP and Wnt signals pattern the dorsoventral and anteroposterior body axes. Both pathways nee
Here we detail transparent, flexible, nanostructured, membrane-less and mediator-free glucose/oxygen enzymatic fuel cells, which can be reproducibly fabricated with industrial scale throughput. The electrodes were built on a biocompatible flexible polymer, while nanoimprint lithography was used for their nanostructuring. The electrodes were covered with gold, their surfaces were visualised using s
A high level of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) is a marker for inflammation in the airways of asthmatic subjects. However, little is known about how NO and inducible nitric oxides synthase (iNOS) activity may affect remodelling in the distal lung. We hypothesized that there is a link between iNOS and ongoing remodelling processes in the distal lung of mild asthmatics.
To evaluate the safety of benzodiazepines and opioids in patients with very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Having a child with a chronic disease often increases the burden in the family with more hospital visits, treatment administration, and increased worries for the ill child. A cross-sectional, international, multi-centre study in caregivers of children <18 years with haemophilia and inhibitor was performed at Haemophilia Treatment Centres in Sweden, UK, and Canada to evaluate caregivers' burden and
Context: Obesity is a frequent manifestation of hypothalamic damage from a craniopharyngioma (CP). It is not yet clarified whether the obesity is due to alterations in energy expenditure, i.e. basal metabolic rate (BMR) and physical activity, or to increased energy intake (EI). Objective: The aim was to investigate whether energy expenditure and EI differed between childhood onset CP patients and
BACKGROUND: High expression of the RNA-binding protein RBM3 has previously been found to be associated with good prognosis in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, malignant melanoma and colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic impact of immunohistochemical RBM3 expression in prostate cancer. FINDINGS: Immunohistochemical RBM3 expression was examined in a tissue microarray
Stem cell-based approaches have promising prospects as new treatments to repair the stroke-damaged brain and promote efficient functional recovery. Studies in animal models of stroke have shown that transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) isolated from different sources can improve function not only by replacing dead neurons but also by trophic actions, modulation of inflammation,
Objective: To study the incidence, prevalence and clinical characteristics of Behçet's disease (BD) in a defined population in southern Sweden. Methods: The study area consists of three health-care districts with an adult population (≥15 years) of 809 317 on 1 January 2011 (25% of non-Swedish ancestry), situated in Skåne, the southernmost county in Sweden. Patients were identified using clinical
Although a genetic contribution to ischemic stroke is well recognized, only a handful of stroke loci have been identified by large-scale genetic association studies to date. Hypothesizing that genetic effects might be stronger for early- versus late-onset stroke, we conducted a 2-stage meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies, focusing on stroke cases with an age of onset <60 years.
In paper one, we investigated how the pharmacological activation and inhibition of the glucocorticoid system affects lifespan and symptoms in a mouse model for RTT. We performed a long-term drug treatment study with the GR activator corticosterone and the GR inhibitor RU486 under which we measured the lifespan and onset of RTT-like symptoms of male Mecp2-null and female Mecp2 heterozygous mice in
