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Traffic-related air pollution could be a danger to the health of children. Earlier studies have linked prenatal exposure to an increased risk of a range of diseases and negative health outcomes, including overweight and obesity. Presently, a knowledge gap exists in investigating the risk of overweight and obesity among children exposed to lower levels of air pollution in utero. This study aimed to
Within the hematopoietic system, the Notch pathway is critical for promoting thymic T cell development and suppressing the B and myeloid lineage fates; however, its impact on NK lymphopoiesis is less understood. To study the role of Notch during NK cell development in vivo, we investigated different NK cell compartments and function in Rbp-Jkfl/flVav-Cretg/+ mice, in which Rbp-Jk, the major transc
All-inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have attracted intense attention for their successful application in photovoltaics (PVs) and optoelectronics that are enabled by their superior absorption capability and great photoluminescence (PL) properties. However, their photostability remains a practical bottleneck and further optimization is highly desirable. Here, we studied the photostabi
Although it is firmly established that endogenous immunity can prevent cancer outgrowth, with a range of immunomodulatory strategies reaching clinical use, most studies on the topic have been restricted to solid cancers. This applies in particular to cancer initiation, where model constraints have precluded investigations of immunosurveillance and immunoediting during the multistep progression int
Multipotent progenitor cells confirm their T cell–lineage identity in the CD4–CD8– double-negative (DN) pro-T cell DN2 stages, when expression of the essential transcription factor Bcl11b begins. In vivo and in vitro stage-specific deletions globally identified Bcl11b-controlled target genes in pro-T cells. Proteomics analysis revealed that Bcl11b associated with multiple cofactors and that its di
Background: Self-reported smoking is the principal measure used to assess lung cancer risk in epidemiological studies. We evaluated if circulating cotinine-a nicotine metabolite and biomarker of recent tobacco exposure-provides additional information on lung cancer risk. Methods: The study was conducted in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3) involving 20 prospective cohort studies. Pre-diagnos
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis, and is thought to play a role in tumour development. Previous prospective studies have shown that higher circulating concentrations of IGF-I are associated with a higher risk of cancers at specific sites, including breast and prostate. No prospective study has examined the association between circulating IGF-I concent
Erythroid cell commitment and differentiation proceed through activation of a lineage-restricted transcriptional network orchestrated by a group of cell fate determining and maturing factors. We previously set out to define the minimal set of factors necessary for instructing red blood cell development using direct lineage reprogramming of fibroblasts into induced erythroid progenitors/precursors
Background: A sizeable body of evidence suggests that statins can cease breast cancer progression and prevent breast cancer recurrence. The latest studies have, however, not been supportive of such clinically beneficial effects. These discrepancies may be explained by insufficient power. This considerably sized study investigates the association between both pre- and post-diagnostic statin use and
The sustainable development of cities is threatened by a worldwide water crisis. Improved social learning is urgently needed to transform urban water governance and make it more integrated and adaptive. However, empirical studies remain few and fragmented. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyse how social learning has supported or inhibited sustainable transformations in urban water govern
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death world-wide. Recently, we showed that COPD is associated with gene polymorphisms in SUMF1, a master regulator of sulfatases. Sulfatases are involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and activated by SUMF1, but their role in the lung is poorly described. We aimed to examine how sulfatases are affected in the airways of patien
White matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden is a critically important cerebrovascular phenotype linked to prediction of diagnosis and prognosis of diseases, such as acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, current approaches to its quantification on clinical MRI often rely on time intensive manual delineation of the disease on T2 fluid attenuated inverse recovery (FLAIR), which hinders high-throughput a
Background. Diabetes may be linked to incidence of different tumor diseases and prognosis through various mechanisms such as the disease itself, hyperglycemia, obesity and anti-diabetes therapy. Material and methods. The study includes all women with BC diagnosed in Sweden between 2000 through 2008 (n=54406). The women had no previous cancer diagnosis during the period of 1958-1999. Dates of birth
Four epidemiologic studies have assessed the association between nut intake and pancreatic cancer risk with contradictory results. The present study aims to investigate the relation between nut intake (including seeds) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estim
Increased attention has been paid to circadian patterns and how predisposition to metabolic disorders can be affected by meal timing. Currently, it is not clear which role can be attributed to the foods selected at meals. On a cross-sectional sub-cohort study (815 adults) within the EPIC-Potsdam study we investigated whether the same foods (vegetables, fruits, refined grains, whole grains, red and
Female scientists play important leadership roles in the field and with the International Society for Stem Cell Research. We asked a number of these top researchers to share their personal stories and reflect on their career paths. Part II of this series will run in the October 2018 issue of Stem Cell Reports.
MLL rearrangements are translocation mutations that cause both acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These translocations can occur as sole clonal driver mutations in infant leukemias, suggesting that fetal or neonatal hematopoietic progenitors may be exquisitely sensitive to transformation by MLL fusion proteins. To test this possibility, we used transgenic mice to induce
