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A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that transforms chemical energy into electrical energy and heat. It occurs through a controlled chemical reaction. Among its essential components are the porous electrodes, which play a pivotal role in the operation of the fuel cells. These electrodes are crucial because they facilitate the efficient flow of reactants to the reaction sites, thereby driving
Purpose: Prior research has proposed a number of scales measuring the customer experience (CX), which tend to conceptualize and operationalize CX differently, raising potential confusion among researchers (e.g. regarding which scale to use). Addressing this issue, this article conducts a systematic review to inventorize key CX scales and assess their theoretical rigor, with a focus on the identifi
Future connected vehicles will require high-performance communication technologies for advanced cooperative driving applications such as maneuvering and cooperative perception. mmWave communications can meet the bandwidth requirements of such applications, but the typically harsh propagation conditions of vehicular environments hinder the broad adoption of mmWave devices on cars. Reconfigurable in
Objectives: To perform a descriptive analysis of a series of patients with recurrent macroscopic haematuria after a primary standard evaluation including computed tomography urography (CTU) and cystoscopy negative for urinary bladder cancer (UBC) and upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) and to identify potential factors associated with occurrence of recurrent macroscopic haematuria. Methods: All p
Climate change has diverse effects on the planet’s environment, including changes and shifts in the distribution and abundance of species. In this paper, we present a robust prediction ensemble algorithm for the current and future species distribution of Aegilops tauschii. Four modeling approaches were trained using various environmental variables (bioclimatic and soil variables) to accurately pre
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) possess a conserved mobile catalytic loop, the WPD-loop, which brings an aspartic acid into the active site where it acts as an acid/base catalyst. Prior experimental and computational studies, focused on the human enzyme PTP1B and the PTP from Yersinia pestis, YopH, suggested that loop conformational dynamics are important in regulating both catalysis and evol
Researchers using eye tracking are heavily dependent on software and hardware tools to perform their studies, from recording eye tracking data and visualizing it, to processing and analyzing it. This article provides an overview of available tools for research using eye trackers and discusses considerations to make when choosing which tools to adopt for one's study.
Phosphoryl transfer reactions can proceed through several plausible mechanisms, and the potential for both solvent and substrate-assisted pathways (involving proton transfer to the phosphoryl oxygens) complicates both experimental and computational interpretations. To avoid this problem, we have used electronic structure calculations to probe the mechanisms of the reactions of pyridinio-N-phosphon
Recent years have seen dramatic improvements in computer power, allowing ever more challenging problems to be approached. In light of this, it is imperative to have a quantitative model for examining chemical reactivity, both in the condensed phase and in solution, as well as to accurately quantify physical organic chemistry (particularly as experimental approaches can often be inconclusive). Simi
Non-metropolitan regions are considered more exposed to external shocks than their metropolitan counterparts, while having lower capacities to change. However, there is considerable variation among non-metropolitan regions. We argue that this variation can be captured theoretically by modelling the dynamic interplay between perceived and real opportunity spaces and agency. We empirically analyse r
We aimed to explore social workers’ experiential accounts of developing complex interventions for youth and families within practice settings. Social workers’ experience of developing interventions has not been leveraged in scientific research even though many complex interventions in use are developed by social workers in practice settings. Lack of insight into the intervention development proces
In this work, the two-center Dirac equation is solved numerically using an extension of an adapted B-spline basis set method previously implemented in relativistic atomic calculations (Fischer, C. F.; Zatsarinny, O. Comput. Phys. Commun. 2009, 180, 879). The robustness of the chosen numerical method, which avoids the appearance of spurious states common in other approaches, allows us to investigat
The Epithelial Science Expert Group convened on 18–19 October 2023, in Naples, Italy, to discuss the current understanding of the fundamental role of the airway epithelium in asthma and other respiratory diseases and to explore the future direction of patient care. This review summarises the key concepts and research questions that were raised. As an introduction to the epithelial era of research,
Food packaging is one of the most important strategies to prevent food damage or spoilage during storage and the supply chain. Among various food types, seafood, a high-value product, is particularly vulnerable to post-harvest quality loss and microbial contamination during storage. Although current plastic-based packaging materials are durable, they pose a serious threat to the environment. There
Modern hydrological modeling frequently incorporates global remote sensing or reanalysis products for multivariate calibration. Although these datasets significantly contribute to model accuracy, the inherent uncertainties in the datasets and multivariate calibration present challenges in the modeling process. To address this issue, this study introduces an adaptive, process-wise fitting framework
In their most extreme form, sex chromosomes exhibit a complete lack of genetic recombination along much of their length in the heterogametic sex. Some recent models explain the evolution of such suppressed recombination by the "sheltering"of deleterious mutations by chromosomal inversions that prevent recombination around a polymorphic locus controlling sex. This sheltering hypothesis is based on
Copper is an essential micronutrient and yet is highly toxic to cells at elevated concentrations. P1B-ATPase proteins are critical for this regulation, providing active extrusion across cellular membranes. One unique molecular adaptation of P1B-ATPases compared to other P-type ATPases is the presence of metal-binding domains (MBDs) at the cytosolic termini, which however are poorly characterized w
