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Deteriorating water quality is a challenge which affects people of the entire world, with a growing population and increased industrialization worldwide. The problem is especially apparent in many developing nations where water resource management must be improved to secure a future sustainable supply. This study was undertaken as a bachelor degree within the MFS-program funded by SIDA. The study
Stjärnor sägs vara astronomins tidskapsel, genom att studera stjärnor kan vi bättre förstå många fenomen. Stjärnor är en viktig del av vårt universum från det att de skapas till det att de dör. De berikar vårt universum med olika grundämnen som krävs för att planeter ska bildas och för att liv ska uppstå. Det verkar då självklart varför man vill undersöka och förstå alla aspekter kring stjärnbildnThis is a thesis project, analysing data from high-resolution imaging observations, specifically speckle imaging, as a follow up study of exoplanet host stars observed with K2, the second operational phase of the space telescope Kepler. The project was accomplished at NASA Ames research center under the guidance of Rachel A. Matson, during an internship in collaboration with the Swedish National S
Outdoor climate has considerable impact on the indoor climate and it is therefore important to adapt the buildings to the climate. This thesis shows how to improve indoor climate in a climate which it is hot, dry in the summer and cold in the winter. My investigative unit is a middle class house in the town Baalbek in Lebanon and the purpose of the study is to come up with proposals on possible so
OBJECTIVES: The efficacy of long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) in treating patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CnCP) is questionable, and the potential risks of adverse effects are well established. The aims were as follows: (1) compare characteristics in patients exposed to LTOT vs non-exposed. (2) Regarding opioid-exposed patients, describe characteristics of patients with risk factors for opioi
Background: Eating disorders significantly impact physical health and have negative psychosocial consequences. The global burden of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa among young females is estimated to account for 1.9 million disability-adjusted life years. Early identification of disordered eating attitudes is critical for preventing the progression to more severe forms of eating disorders; ho
Background: Desmoplastic melanoma (DM) is a rare subtype, accounting for less than 5% of primary cutaneous invasive melanomas. DM often arises in chronically sun-exposed skin, in older individuals. While the incidence of cutaneous melanoma has increased globally, trends specific to DM are less documented and studies on survival outcomes for DM are inconsistent. Objectives: To study patient and tum
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this work was to explore associations between type 1 diabetes progression from stages 1 or 2 to stage 3 and interacting ligand-receptor complexes of HLA class I (HLA-I) and KIR gene products.METHODS: Applying next-generation sequencing technology to genotype HLA-I genes (HLA-A, -B, -C) and KIR genes (KIR2DL1, KIR2DL2, KIR2DL3, KIR2DL4, KIR2DL5, KIR2DS1, KIR2DS2, KIR2DS3
Background: Several studies have investigated the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and physical activity (PA). However, further research is needed using objective measures of PA in free-living conditions, while also accounting for the time-variant nature of MetS. This study aimed to: (1) investigate the association between wearable device-measured step count and 5-year MetS incidence
Objective: To investigate the association of different aspects of cognitive impairment, depression and anxiety with walking difficulties in daily life in persons with mild PD.Background: Walking difficulties in daily life are common among persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and may cause falls and near falls, limitations in activity, restrictions in participation and decrease in quality of life.
Abstract The main influences on growing conditions in pastures and hayfields are grazing and mowing, which regulate the species struggle for space and resources. If the management ceases, this will contribute to a change of the vegetation. A succession starts where the plant cover gradually will change according to a specific pattern. After some time a few competitive species, previously disfavou
Objective To compare the Danish Emergency Process Triage (DEPT) with a quick clinical assessment (Eyeball triage) as predictors of short-term mortality in patients in the emergency department (ED).Methods The investigation was designed as a prospective cohort study conducted at North Zealand University Hospital. All patient visits to the ED from September 2013 to December 2013 except minor injurie
PURPOSE To estimate age-specific relative and absolute cancer risks of breast cancer and to estimate risks of ovarian, pancreatic, male breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers associated with germline PALB2 pathogenic variants (PVs) because these risks have not been extensively characterized. METHODS We analyzed data from 524 families with PALB2 PVs from 21 countries. Complex segregation analysis
Background: Wasting is a common complication of kidney failure that leads to weight loss and poor outcomes. Recent experimental data identified parathyroid hormone (PTH) as a driver of adipose tissue browning and wasting, but little is known about the relations among secondary hyperparathyroidism, weight loss, and risk of mortality in dialysis patients. Methods: We included 42,319 chronic in-centr
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To date, large studies comparing mortality and functional outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) during oral anticoagulant (OAC), antiplatelet, and nonantithrombotic use are few and show discrepant results. METHODS: We used data on 13 291 patients with ICH registered in Riksstroke between 2012 and 2016 to compare 90-day mortality and functional outcome following OAC-rela
BACKGROUND: Opioids are still widely prescribed to long-term pain patients although they are no longer recommended for long-term treatments due to poor evidence for long-term efficacy, risks of serious side effects, and the possibility of inducing opioid hyperalgesia. In a Cochrane study from 2017, the authors identified an urgent need for more randomized controlled trials investigating the effici
Context. After more than 50 years, astronomical research still struggles to reconstruct the history of lithium enrichment in the Galaxy and to establish the relative importance of the various 7Li sources in enriching the interstellar medium (ISM) with this fragile element. Aims. To better trace the evolution of lithium in the Milky Way discs, we exploit the unique characteristics of a sample of op
BACKGROUND: Given the high heterogeneity among breast tumors, associations between common germline genetic variants and survival that may exist within specific subgroups could go undetected in an unstratified set of breast cancer patients. METHODS: We performed genome-wide association analyses within 15 subgroups of breast cancer patients based on prognostic factors, including hormone receptors, t
Background: Treatment of mentally disordered offenders (MDOs) is challenging as their behavior and clinical conditions can be traced to a complex constellation of major mental disorders, substance use and antisocial lifestyle. Finding subgroups of these offenders, which could guide treatment and risk assessment, is desirable. There are few long-term, prospective studies of risk factors for persist
