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3D property formation has become an important solution to provide a more comprehensive and accurate representation of the property's physical characteristics than traditional 2D property formation. Despite the numerous benefits of the 3D property formation, there is a need for more detailed descriptions of 3D cadastral data delivery between the involved actors to ensure efficient and effective col
Similarity measurement has been a prevailing research topic in geographic information science. Geometric similarity measurement in scaling transformation (GSM_ST) is critical to ensure spatial data quality while balancing detailed information with distinctive features. However, GSM_ST is an uncertain problem due to subjective spatial cognition, global and local concerns, and geometric complexity.
Climate change and eutrophication are two environmental threats that can alter the structure of freshwater ecosystems and their service functions, but we know little about how ecosystem structure and function will evolve in future scenarios of climate warming. Therefore, we created different experimental climate scenarios, including present-day conditions, a 3.0 °C increase in mean temperature, an
We derive and validate an analytical model that describes the migration of Raman scattered photons in two-layer diffusive media, based on the diffusion equation in the time domain. The model is derived under a heuristic approximation that background optical properties are identical on the excitation and Raman emission wavelengths. Methods for the reconstruction of two-layer Raman spectra have been
Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) is an advanced combustion concept resulting in high efficiencies and low emission levels by the use of high levels of EGR and pilot injections. The main limitation of PPC to use in practice lies in the high pressure rise rate, which causes issues on engine noise and durability. In addition, soot emissions face with the overshoot problem during the transient oper
Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) is a promising advanced combustion mode for future engines. In order to investigate the sensitivity of PPC to exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate, intake gas temperature, intake gas pressure, and injection timing, these parameters were swept individually at three different loads in a single cylinder diesel engine with gasoline-like fuel.A factor of sensitivity
Ever since the invention of the internal combustion engine, there has been an interest in optimizing the in-cylinder pressure to achieve reliable and efficient work output. With the use of in-cylinder pressure sensors, piezoelectric injector actuation, the possibility of multiple injection events and the increased availability of computation power, cycle-to-cycle, in-cylinder pressure optimization
Modelica allows systems to be described with reuseable components and with a high precision. To be able to use such complex models efficiently, high demands are set on tools that allow the user to extract the information needed from the models in a straight-forward manner. For this purpose, design-of-experiments techniques can be used to systematically analyze the complex models.In this paper, it
Background: Exposure to airborne particles has a major impact on global health. The probability of these particles to deposit in the respiratory tract during breathing is essential for their toxic effects. Observations have shown that there is a substantial variability in deposition between subjects, not only due to respiratory diseases, but also among individuals with healthy lungs. The factors d
An unbroken digital data flow would save substantial resources in the built environment process. In this study, which is part of a larger Swedish project, data delivery specifications and methods to integrate BIM and geodata are developed and tested with the aim to facilitate such an unbroken data flow. The main focus areas of the study are: (1) specifications that enables building permission appl
Background: Brain metastases are associated with considerable negative effects on patients’ outcome in lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). Here, we investigated the proteomic landscape of primary LADCs and their corresponding brain metastases. Materials and methods: Proteomic profiling was conducted on 20 surgically resected primary and brain metastatic LADC samples via label-free shotgun proteomics. Afte
When individuals self-select (or are selected) into a study based on factors that influence the outcome, conclusions may not generalize to the full population. To compensate for this, results may be adjusted, for example, by standardization on the set of common causes of participation and outcome. Although such standardization is useful in some contexts, the common causes of participation and outc
In studies recruited on a voluntary basis, lack of representativity may impair the ability to generalize findings to the target population. Previous studies, primarily based on surveys, have suggested that generalizability may be improved by exploiting data on individuals who agreed to participate only after receiving one or several reminders, as such individuals may be more similar to non-partici
Women are born with thousands of ovarian follicles, yet less than 1% will ovulate a mature oocyte. What distinguishes the 99% of follicles destined for demise from the rare 1% that succeed? Here, we leveraged a unique clinical opportunity, paired follicular fluid samples from small antral follicles containing either a viable or an atretic oocyte within the same patients, to uncover the proteomic d
BACKGROUND: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk of epilepsy (EP), but distinguishing epileptic seizures from ASD-associated behavior remains a clinical challenge. Although previous studies have reported changes in peripheral immune markers in adults with EP, it remains unclear whether similar immune signatures are present in pediatric patients with both ASD and EP, a
