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Gait Speed Reserve (GSR) expresses a difference between fast and comfortable gait speed and may have an impact on everyday functioning. It was also hypothesized as a useful proxy measure of physiological reserve. However, height-normalizing values of GSR and its associated factors have not been evaluated in a general population of older adults. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the distribution o

Background: Electrocardiographic detection of patients with occlusion myocardial infarction (OMI) can be difficult in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) or ventricular paced rhythm (VPR) and several ECG criteria for the detection of OMI in LBBB/VPR exist. Most recently, the Barcelona criteria, which includes concordant ST deviation and discordant ST deviation in leads with low R/S ampli

Background: About one in ten adults are living with diabetes worldwide. Intake of carbohydrates and carbohydrate-rich foods are often identified as modifiable risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes. However, strong correlation between food variables can make it difficult to identify true associations. The purpose of this study was to identify clusters of carbohydrate-rich foods and analyse thei

High levels of ADAM17 activity have emerged as an important mediator in severe COVID-19. This study aims to characterize eventual causal relationships between ADAM17 and COVID-19. Using Mendelian randomization analyses, we examined the causal effects of circulating ADAM17 on COVID-19 outcomes using summary statistics from large, genome-wide association studies of ADAM17 (up to 35,559 individuals)

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations among the intake of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes, and polyphenol subclasses and body weight change over 5 years. Methods: A total of 349,165 men and women aged 25 to 70 years were recruited in the Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of Smoking, Eating Out of Home and Obesity (PANACEA) project of the European Pr

Self-monitoring is essential for effectively regulating learning, but difficult in visual diagnostic tasks such as radiograph interpretation. Eye-tracking technology can visualize viewing behavior in gaze displays, thereby providing information about visual search and decision-making. We hypothesized that individually adaptive gaze-display feedback improves posttest performance and self-monitoring

OBJECTIVES: It has been commonly accepted that untreated acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) results in an hourly mortality rate of 1–2% during the 1st 24 h after symptom onset. The data to support this statement rely solely on patients who have been denied surgical treatment after reaching surgical centres. The objective was to perform a total review of non-surgically treated (NST) ATAAD and p

Background: Techniques for autofluorescence have been introduced to visualize the parathyroid glands during surgery and to reduce hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy. Methods: This parallel multicentre RCT investigated the use of Fluobeam® LX to visualize the parathyroid glands by autofluorescence during total thyroidectomy compared with no use. There was no restriction on the indication for su

Objectives: To explore the association between antibiotic combination therapy and in-hospital mortality in patients with septic shock in two tertiary ICUs in different countries. Design: Retrospective observational study. Setting: ICUs of two tertiary hospitals, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, and Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. Patients: Adult patients with ant

Objectives To assess whether recommendations of individually oriented lifestyle interventions (IOLIs) in guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) were underpinned by evidence of benefit, and whether harms and opportunity costs were considered.Design Cross sectional survey.Setting UK.Data sources NICE guidelines and supporting evidence.Eligibility criteria All NI

Context. Lithium (Li) is a fragile element that is produced in a variety of sites but can also be very easily depleted in stellar photospheres. Radial migration has been reported to explain the decrease in the upper envelope of Li measurements observed for relatively old metal-rich dwarf stars in some surveys. Aims. We test a scenario in which radial migration could affect the Li abundance pattern

AIM: To assess the absolute and relative educational inequalities in mortality from hip and non-hip fractures in Skåne region, Sweden.METHODS: We conducted a population-based open cohort study. People aged 30-99 years, resident in the region during 1998-2013 ( n = 999, 148) were followed until death, their 100th birthday, relocation outside Skåne, or the end of 2014. We obtained individual-level d

Context: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) affects people of all ages and is associated with poor prognosis. Chronic breathlessness affects almost all people with PAH. Objectives: This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study aimed to evaluate the effects of regular, low-dose, extended-release (ER) morphine for PAH-associated chronic breathlessness. Methods: Participants w

Aims: Neurotensin (NT) is a gut hormone that promotes lipids absorption and controls appetite. Elevated circulating pro-NT, the stable precursor of NT, is associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease, metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Features of MS and insulin resistance are reported also in type 1 diabetes (T1D), with detrimental impact on the overall CV risk profile. Aims of the

Aims To investigate seasonality and association of increased enterovirus and influenza activity in the community with ventricular fibrillation (VF) risk during first ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods This study comprised all consecutive patients with first STEMI (n = 4,659; aged 18–80 years) admitted to the invasive catheterization laboratory between 2010–2016, at Copenhagen Univ

Objectives: The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) has not been validated to diagnose aphasia in the stroke population. We therefore examined the diagnostic accuracy of NIHSS for detecting aphasia in acute ischemic stroke. Methods: Consecutive patients with acute first-ever ischemic stroke were included prospectively in Lund Stroke Register Study at Skåne University Hospital, Swede

Background: In the 1960s only 1/3 of children with soft-tissue sarcomas survived, however with improved treatments survival today has reached 70%. Given the previous poor survival and the rarity of soft-tissue sarcomas, the risk of somatic late effects in a large cohort of Nordic soft-tissue sarcoma survivors has not yet been assessed. Methods: In this population-based cohort study we identified 9

Background: Lemierre syndrome is characterized by head/neck vein thrombosis and septic embolism usually complicating an acute oropharyngeal bacterial infection in adolescents and young adults. We described the course of Lemierre syndrome in the contemporary era. Methods: In our individual-level analysis of 712 patients (2000–2017), we included cases described as Lemierre syndrome if these criteria