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STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To optimize the radiation doses and image quality for the cone-beam O-arm surgical imaging system in spinal surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND: Neurovascular compromise has been reported after screw misplacement during thoracic pedicle screw insertion. The use of O-arm with or without navigation system during spinal surgery has been shown to lower the rat

BACKGROUND: Selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) is used for extending the period during which surgical procedures can be safely performed. We sought to determine the direct effects of pH management on cerebral microcirculation and metabolism during SCP. METHODS: An experimental SCP porcine model was created by selectively allowing cold perfusate only into the bicarotid brachiocephalic trunk during

Background/Objectives:Dietary addition of either conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) or n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) has been shown to alter adiposity and circulating lipids, risk markers of cardiovascular diseases. However, CLA may decrease insulin sensitivity, an effect that may be reversed by n-3 LC-PUFA. Thus, the potential of CLA plus n-3 LC-PUFA to affect insulin secr

Objective. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to be an important cause of morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs in the western world. Although smoking is an important trigger of COPD, other factors such as chronic inflammation and malnutrition are known to influence its development. Because coeliac disease (CD) is characterized both by dysregulated inflammation and malnutri

BACKGROUND: Butterflies of the subtribe Mycalesina have radiated successfully in almost all habitat types in Africa, Madagascar, the Indian subcontinent, Indo-China and Australasia. Studies aimed at understanding the reasons behind the evolutionary success of this spectacular Old World butterfly radiation have been hampered by the lack of a stable phylogeny for the group. Here, we have reconstruct

All randomized controlled studies published in international peer-reviewed journals up to July 1999 were meta-analysed with the aim of studying the effect of psychosocial interventions on patients with drug dependence. Systematic literature searches were administered by SBU. In all 104 studies were screened and rated according to the 12 dimension quality score of SBU. The analyses in the chapter s

Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is common and associated with increased risk of suicide. Aims To examine healthcare utilisation prior to suicide in persons with AUD in a large population-based cohort, which may reveal opportunities for prevention. Method A national cohort study was conducted of 6 947 191 adults in Sweden in 2002, including 256 647 (3.7%) with AUD, with follow-up for suicide

Aim. The epidemiology of critical limb ischemia (CLI) is insufficiently studied, and treatment of risk factors for atherosclerosis has received less attention in CLI patients than in patients with coronary or precerebral atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to establish the incidence of CLI and the quality of risk factor treatment in Swedish CLI patients. Methods. During 14 months, 316 conse

Introduction: Sclerostin, an inhibitor of bone formation, has emerged as a potential negative regulator of glucose homeostasis. We aimed to investigate if serum sclerostin associates with insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, prediabetes or metabolic syndrome in healthy men. Materials and methods: Serum sclerostin was measured in basal and insulin-stimulated samples from 526 men without diabete

Background: Several biologically plausible mechanisms have been proposed to mediate the association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD), including adverse effects on vascular endothelial function. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) are known to contribute to vascular repair, but limited data are available regarding the relationship between cEPC levels and

Purpose: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is increasingly used in adolescents. The aim was to explore symptoms of depression and anxiety in young adults over 5 years’ follow-up after undergoing MBS. Methods: Beck Depression Inventory-2 and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to assess symptoms of depression and anxiety in 62 patients 1, 2, and 5 years after having Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at

Background: In a European study on contact allergy in the general population, it was hypothesized that the combination of contact allergy to a fragrance together with a history indicating dermatitis at exposure, and thereafter subsequent avoidance of scented products, implied a diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis. Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to validate this hypothesis and a

BACKGROUND: People with intellectual disability (ID) have high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, but even higher rates of prescription of psychotropic drugs. METHODS: Using Swedish national registers, we identified a group of older people with ID and diagnosis of mood disorders (ICD-10 codes F32-F39) and/or anxiety (ICD-10 code F4) during 2006-2012 (n = 587) and a referent group of people from

Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD65Ab) are common in new onset Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients but it is unclear if this marker is also prevalent in patients of other ethnic backgrounds. We determined antibodies against human recombinant GAD in Japanese diabetic patients using a radioimmunoassay with competition between in vitro translated 35S-GAD65 and non-labelled

Objective: The optimal timing for transplantation is unclear in patients with Eisenmenger syndrome (ES). We investigated post-transplantation survival and transplantation-specific morbidity after heart-lung transplantation (HLTx) or lung transplantation (LTx) in a cohort of Nordic patients with ES to aid decision-making for scheduling transplantation. Methods: We performed a retrospective, descrip

Background Gastrostomy placement in children is one of the most frequently performed pediatric surgical procedures and laparoscopic-assisted gastrostomy (LAG) is the preferred technique. Wound infection after LAG has become a significant concern due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of wound infection after LAG in children younger than 2

Aim: To test the feasibility of a fully automated artificial intelligence-based method providing PET measures of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained for automated measurements in 18F-choline (FCH) PET/CT scans obtained prior to radical prostatectomy (RP) in 45 patients with newly diagnosed PCa. Automated values were obtained for prostate volume, maximal

Background: Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is the most effective post-remission treatment for adults with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The aim of the study was to analyze results of unmanipulated haploidentical allo-SCT (haplo-SCT) for adults with ALL and to identify prognostic factors. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis on 208 adults tran