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BACKGROUND: Neuronal damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is common, but the extent and mechanisms are unclear. Neurofilament light (NfL) concentrations rise in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during neuronal damage in various neurological disorders. In this cross-sectional study, plasma and CSF concentrations of NfL were explored as a marker of neuronal damage in SLE.METHODS: Seventy

The human lung is a complex tissue consisting of a heterogeneous mix of different structures and cells, each which a specific role that together contribute to the primary function of the organ: the gas exchange. Different mesenchymal cells populate the interstitial areas around airways and blood vessels and form the connective tissue together with the extracellular matrix. Fibroblasts constitute o

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dementia cases are expected to triple during the next 30 years, highlighting the importance of finding modifiable risk factors for dementia. The aim of this study is to investigate whether adherence to conventional dietary recommendations or to a modified Mediterranean diet are associated with subsequent lower risk of developing all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (A

Importance: The association between long sleep duration and mortality appears stronger in East Asian populations than in North American or European populations. Objectives: To assess the sex-specific association between sleep duration and all-cause and major-cause mortality in a pooled longitudinal cohort and to stratify the association by age and body mass index. Design, Setting, and Participants

Aims: Ventricular longitudinal function measured as basal-apical atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) or global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a potent predictor of mortality and could potentially be a predictor of heart failure-associated morbidity. We hypothesized that low AVPD and GLS are associated with the combined endpoint of cardiovascular mortality and heart failure-associated morbidit

The immune control of tuberculosis (TB) infection could be influenced by pregnancy. To elucidate this, we longitudinally characterized Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific and nonspecific immune responses in women during pregnancy and postpartum. HIV-uninfected women without past or current active TB, and with blood samples available from the 1st/2nd trimester, 3rd trimester, and 9 months pos

Objective: To update evidence for available therapies in the treatment of hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to examine whether research evidence has changed from 31 January 2006 to 31 January 2009. Methods: A systematic literature search was undertaken using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, Science Citation Index and the Cochrane Library. The quality of studies was assessed. Effect sizes (ESs) an

This thesis is based on the results concerning the epitaxial growth and characterization of silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge) nanostructures. The growth technique was the Ultra High Vacuum Chemical Vapor Deposition (UHV-CVD) that works in relatively low temperatures and low growth pressures. The UHV-CVD chamber was also used for the reduction experiments. The work presented here involves three diff

Popular Abstract in Swedish Transplantation av dopaminceller från mänskliga foster kan förbättra funktionen hos patienter med Parkinsons sjukdom (Lindvall 1997, Björklund 2000a). Man har kunnat visa att transplantaten har återställt dopaminproduktionen i striatum till normala nivåer i flera fall, och till 70-80% av normalt i majoriteten av de patienter som transplanterats i Lund. Transplantaten haTransplantation of embryonic human neural tissue can restore function in patients with Parkinson’s disease, but there is a severe shortage of donor tissue which limits the applicability of the technique. Embryonic neural tissue from other species, xenogeneic tissue, would provide a readily accessible donor tissue with the potential to help patients if the immunological reactions in the host could

Disposal behaviour represent the last phase in the consumption cycle. From an environmental point of view it is extremely important to know the factors behind individual behaviour in waste handling. There are several aspects of interest, for example willingness of waste separation and re-use of products. The aim of this article is to analyse the importance of environmental concern, disposal behavi

Importance: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) may contribute to the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) through its association with inflammation and cardiac remodeling. Objective: To determine whether CHIP was associated with AF, inflammatory and cardiac biomarkers, and cardiac structural changes. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a population-based, prospective cohort

Objective: To examine the associations between five major adverse pregnancy outcomes and long term risks of ischemic heart disease in mothers. Design: National cohort study. Setting: Sweden. Participants: All 2 195 266 women with a first singleton delivery in Sweden during 1973-2015. Main outcome measures: The main outcome measure was incidence of ischemic heart disease from delivery to 2018, iden

Subsolidus phase relations have been determined for the BaO:TiO2:Ta2O5 system by X-ray diffraction analysis of ~100 specimens prepared in air at temperatures near but below the solidus (1275 °C to 1500 °C). For the BaO:Ta2O5 subsystem, the formation of all three polymorphs of BaTa2O6 (orthorhombic, tetragonal, and hexagonal) was confirmed. The present study found no stable phases forming between B

Mineralogical and geochemical studies of the non-marine Permian–Triassic (P–Tr) boundary across two stratigraphically wellconstrained sections (Commando Drift Dam and Wapadsberg, Eastern Cape Province) in the southern Karoo Basin, South Africa, have been undertaken to provide further input on the cause of this mass extinction event, and so has a sedimentological and geochemical evaluation of a thi

Purpose: To determine progression factors at the end of the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial (EMGT) based on all EMGT patients and evaluate separately patients with higher and lower baseline intraocular pressure (IOP; median split). Design: Cohort of clinical trial participants. Participants: Patients with early open-angle glaucoma randomized to argon laser trabeculoplasty plus betaxolol (n = 129) or

The baobab is among the commonly consumed wild fruits found in the semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa. It has a wide application in food systems and folk medicine and has an advantage of surviving even in harsh environmental conditions. While the fruit pulp is packed with a lot of essential nutrients and has gained much interest in recent past on the international market as a healthy ‘superfo

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligaste dödsorsaken bland cancersjuka kvinnor. Därför rekommenderas regelbundna mammografiska hälsokontroller för tidig diagnostik och snar behandling för att förbättra prognosen. I Sverige rekommenderas kontroller för kvinnor mellan 40-74 år. Mammografiska hälsokontroller medför dock även risker, såsom till exempel behov av kompletterande bröstundOne side-effect of breast cancer (BC) screening is a false-positive mammogram among healthy women. That is, finding(s) on a screening mammogram that lead to additional breast examinations but where the woman is eventually considered free from BC. There is evidence of short-term psychosocial consequences of false-positive BC screening. Regarding long-term consequences, research findings are inconsi

Popular Abstract in English Energy savings and climate change mitigation have been discussed in the world since the oil crisis in the 1970s and the building sector has been seen as one of the largest contributors to global warming effects in the world. Energy efficiency in buildings is a critical issue to be addressed in order to reduce electricity energy used in buildings and is one of the main tMozambique, situated in south-east Africa, has sub-tropical and tropical climate and plenty of natural resources for energy production. The country is however poor, and only about 25% of the population has access to electricity from the grid. A very large part of the energy used in the country is used in the residential sector, and there is a general lack of knowledge, regulations and tools concer