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Several studies reported an association between CSF alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and tau in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and demonstrated the significance of α-syn in improving the diagnostic sensitivity/specificity of classical AD CSF biomarkers. In the current study, we measured CSF levels of different α-syn species in a cohort of AD patients (n = 225) who showed a CSF profile typical of AD at baseline

Mercury (Hg) is regarded as a major environmental concern in many regions, traditionally because of high concentrations in freshwater fish, and now also because of potential toxic effects on soil microflora. The predominant source of Hg in most watersheds is atmospheric deposition, which has increased 2- to >20-fold over the past centuries. A promising approach for supporting current European effo

An interference quenching of the nu"=1 vibrational line in the resonant Auger decay of N 1s-->pi(*) core-excited N-2 is observed and analyzed. The intensity ratio between the nu"=1 and nu"=0 vibrational levels of the X(2)Sigma(g)(+) final state shows a surprising nonmonotonous variation as a function of frequency detuning, going through a minimum with a complete suppression of nu"=1. We have devel

The SIOP nephroblastoma clinical trials have previously demonstrated that preoperative chemotherapy is advantageous for patients with nephroblastoma (Wilms' tumour). However, some primary tumours increase in size during preoperative chemotherapy, and to investigate the clinical relevance of this progression we studied the patient cohort with increasing tumours included in the SIOP 93-01 study (Jun

Ecosystems are supported by organic carbon from two distinct sources. Endogenous carbon is produced by photosynthesis within an ecosystem by autotrophic organisms. Exogenous carbon is produced elsewhere and transported into ecosystems. Consumers may use exogenous carbon with consequent influences on population dynamics, predator-prey relationships and ecosystem processes(1). For example, exogenous

Fragmentation of the SF6 molecule upon F 1s excitation has been studied by resonant photoemission. The F atomiclike Auger line exhibits the characteristic Doppler profile that depends on the direction of the photoelectron momentum relative to the polarization vector of the radiation as well as on the photon energy. The measured Doppler profiles are analyzed by the model simulation that takes accou

A high resolution TPC is the main option for a central tracking detector at the future International Linear Collider (ILC). It is planned that the MPGD (Micro Pattern Gas Detector) technology will be used for the readout. A Large Prototype TPC at DESY has been used to test the performance of MPGDs in an electron beam of energies up to 6 GeV. The first step in the technology development was to demo

Background: Studies on leisure time physical activity as risk factor or protective factor for knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA) show divergent results. Longitudinal prospective studies are needed to clarify the association of physical activity with future OA. The aim was to explore in a prospective population-based cohort study the influence of leisure time physical activity on severe knee or hip OA

A technique based on progressive fumigation was used to reduce soil microbial biodiversity, and the effects of such reductions upon the stability of key soil processes were measured. Mineral soil samples from a grassland were fumigated with chloroform for up to 24 h and then incubated for 5 months to allow recolonisation by surviving organisms. The diversity of cultivable and non-cultivable bacter

C3 nephritic factors are autoantibodies that prolong the half-life or prevent regulation of the alternative pathway C3 convertase, resulting in uncontrolled complement activation. They are strongly associated with renal disease but their role in pathogenesis remains controversial. Here we optimized and compared a panel of assays to identify and interrogate nephritic factor activities. Of 101 patie

Despite the extensive use of retinal photocoagulation for ischaemia and vascular leakage in retinal vascular disease, the molecular mechanisms behind its clinical beneficial effects are still poorly understood. One important target of laser irradiation is the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In this study, we aimed at identifying the isolated effects of photocoagulation of RPE at both the mRNA an

Infantile malignant osteopetrosis (IMO) is caused by lack of functional osteoclasts leading to skeletal abnormalities, blindness due to compression of the optic nerves, bone marrow (BM) failure and early death. In most patients TCIRG1, a proton pump subunit essential for bone resorption, is mutated. Oc/oc mice represent a model for IMO due to a deletion in Tcirg1 and die around 4 weeks. To determi

Developing standardized bioengineered constructs that accurately replicate human skin is a largely sought-after goal. Pathways initiated at the nurturing interface with the dermal compartment have the potential to modulate the developing epidermal architecture. Here, we identified ascorbic acid, a dermis-donated metabolite, as key in modulating the phenotypical identity of immortalized keratinocyt

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) from mobilized blood are the preferred graft source for allogeneic and autologous stem cell transplantation. The efficiency of CD34+ cell mobilization with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) varies significantly between individuals, but is reproducible across mobilization cycles within an individual, suggesting a genetic component, a hypoth

Researchers have widely applied discharge simulation using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and have gained prominence in water resources. Morphological features, watershed urbanization, and climate change influence hydrological variables. Thus, data-driven models need to be able to identify the hydrological relationships without explicitly stating the physical processes. The main objectives of t

Large igneous provinces (LIPs) are excellent spatial and temporal geological recorders. However, our understanding of LIPs is hindered by a lack of preservation and alteration of many LIPs through deep time. Several LIPs have been emplaced in the Rhyacian. These LIPs demonstrate a connection across the Superior, Wyoming and North Atlantic cratons. In this study we use new U-Pb ID-TIMS baddeleyite

Popular Abstract in Swedish Förbränning av fossila bränslen som bensin, kol, olja och naturgas orsakar att koldioxid ackumuleras i atmosfären, vilket är en av orsakerna till global uppvärmning. Transportsektorn står för största delen av Sveriges användning av bensin och olja. Oljan är importerad från andra länder, som gör oss väldigt beroende av omvärlden. Ett av de mest lovande alternativa bränslTransportation fuels from renewable resources such as ethanol are one of the alternatives to ensure energy security and decrease the net emission of carbon dioxide. First-generation ethanol production from sugar- and starch-based raw materials (1G) is today well established in many countries, and the focus of research has thus shifted to the development and demonstration of the production of secon