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On-going human population growth and changing patterns of resource consumption are increasing global demand for ecosystem services, many of which are provided by soils. Some of these ecosystem services are linearly related to the surface area of pervious soil, whereas others show non-linear relationships, making ecosystem service optimization a complex task. As limited land availability creates co
In two miniature artificial language learning experiments, we compare the processing of narrow and broad negation, corresponding to prefixal negation (unhappy) and free-standing negation (not happy) respectively, with that of non-negation (happy). Three artificial prefixes were invented to express the three meanings above. The meaning scope expressed by the negation types was manipulated in the ex
It is recommended that intervention thresholds should be based on absolute fracture risk, but there is a large variation in hip fracture incidence from different regions of the world. The aim of this study was to examine heterogeneity of hip fracture probability in different regions from recent estimates of hip fracture incidence and mortality to adjust intervention thresholds. Ten-year probabilit
The apparent permeability index is widely used as part of a general screening process to study drug absorption, and is routinely obtained from in vitro or ex vivo experiments. A classical example, widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, is the in vitro Caco-2 cell culture model. The index is defined as the initial flux of compound through the membrane (normalized by membrane surface area and d
A persistent controversy in language evolution research has been whether language emerged in the gestural-visual or in the vocal-auditory modality. A "dialectic" solution to this age-old debate has now been gaining ground: language was fully multimodal from the start, and remains so to this day. In this paper, we show this solution to be too simplistic and outline a more specific theoretical propo
Aquaporins are transmembrane proteins that facilitate the flow of water through cellular membranes. An unusual characteristic of yeast aquaporins is that they frequently contain an extended N terminus of unknown function. Here we present the X-ray structure of the yeast aquaporin Aqy1 from Pichia pastoris at 1.15 Å resolution. Our crystal structure reveals that the water channel is closed by the N
Ever since Goldin-Meadow, S., C. Mylander, W. C. So, and A. Özyürek. 2008. The natural order of events: How speakers of different languages represent events nonverbally. PNAS 105: 9163–9168. proposed that there is a preferred order in sequential non-verbal event representations (Actor > Patient > Act), apparently independent of the default word order in one’s native language, the topic has been th
In many European universities, English is today used as a medium of instruction. One of the reasons is that it is believed that using English as a medium of instruction (EMI) can develop students’ subject-specific knowledge of English. This knowledge is seen as an asset in the workplace and often presented as providing a competitive advantage supporting professional success. The design of many edu
α-Galactosidases are important industrial enzymes for hemicellulosic biomass degradation or modification. In this study, six novel extracellular α-galactosidases from Penicillium subrubescens were produced in Pichia pastoris and characterized. All α-galactosidases exhibited high affinity to pNPαGal, and only AglE was not active towards galacto-oligomers. Especially AglB and AglD released high amou
My chapter gives an overview of gender and religion in Europe in the “long” 19th century based on developments in historical research since the 1980s. The focus is on Catholicism and Protestantism with some reflexions also on Judaism and Orthodox Christianity.
Only recently, d-amino acids have been identified in mammals. Of these, d-serine has been most extensively studied. d-Serine was found to play an important role as a neurotransmitter in the human central nervous system (CNS) by binding to the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAr), similar to glycine. Therefore, d-serine may well play a role in all physiological and pathological processes in which
Deficiency of subunit 6 of the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG6) complex causes a new combined N-and O-glycosylation deficiency of the congenital disorders of glycosylation, designated as CDG-IIL (COG6-CDG). The index patient presented with a severe neurologic disease characterized by vitamin K deficiency, vomiting, intractable focal seizures, intracranial bleedings and fatal outcome in early infa
Three-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3- PGDH) deficiency is a rare recessive inborn error in the biosynthesis of the amino acid L-serine characterized clinically by congenital microcephaly, psychomotor retardation, and intractable seizures. The biochemical abnormalities associated with this disorder are low concentrations of L-serine, D-serine, and glycine in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Only two m
A growing number of inherited disorders causing severe and progressive neurological deficits are linked to peroxisomal dysfunction. More than 15 peroxisomal diseases with neurological manifestations and some of them with dysmorphic features are identified. The diseases are classified into three groups depending on some similarities in the pathophysiology of the diseases within each group: defectiv
The goal of this research is to asses the reach and characteristics of the Phantasmatic as a proposed concept, useful to understand fundamental aspects of the romantic subjective experience in artists, aesthetes and writers. This experiential level has been exemplified in artists that had been living or intermittently residing in Dresden during the first half of 19th century. Caspar David Friedric
Excited states of Ag-99 were populated via the Cr-50 + Ni-58 (261 MeV) reaction using the NORDBALL detector array equipped with charged-particle and neutron. detector systems for reaction channel separation. On the basis of the measured gammagamma-coincidence relations and angular distribution ratios a significantly extended level scheme has been constructed up to E-x similar to 7.8 MeV and I = 35
The aim of this study was to determine the threshold of fracture probability at which interventions became cost-effective in men and women, based on data from Sweden. We modeled the effects of a treatment costing $500 per year given for 5 years that decreased the risk of all osteoporotic fractures by 35% followed by a waning of effect for a further 5 years. Sensitivity analyses included a range of
The solution properties of two water-soluble polymers, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), covalently labeled with the fluorescent hydrophobic dye naphthalene (Np), have been investigated in water:organic solvent mixtures. The naphthalene chromophores have been randomly attached, onto the polymer, with two different degrees of labeling. Fluorescence measurements (steady-state and time-resolved) have been us
Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabasgångar (eng. dolerite dykes) bildas när järn- och magnesiumrika (mafiska) smältor från manteln transporteras upp genom jordskorpan och så småningom kyls av och kristalliserar i sprickor på djupet. Gångarna kan bli hundratals meter breda och kan uppträda i stort antal och bilda s.k. gångsvärmar vilka är uttryck för perioder då jordskorpan har utsatts för extensioneDolerite dykes are formed when iron- and magnesium-rich (mafic) mantle-derived magmas ascend through the lithosphere (upper part of the mantle) and crystallize as ‘hydro-fractures’ within the crust. Dykes may exist in great numbers to form dyke swarms (linear or radiating), which can be linked to time periods of continental break-up, or attempted break-up events, associated with voluminous volcani
