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PurposeZinc has been suggested to be protective against breast cancer, but the evidence remains inconclusive. One reason for inconsistent findings in previous studies may be that zinc only influences the risk of developing certain subtypes of breast cancer. Our study is the first study assessing zinc levels in relation to the risk of different breast cancer subgroups, defined by their tumor charac

Cooperative binding is a key feature of metabolic pathways, signaling, and transport processes. It provides tight regulation over a narrow concentration interval of a ligand, thus enabling switching to be triggered by small concentration variations. The data presented in this work reveal strong positive cooperativity of α-synuclein binding to phospholipid membranes. Fluorescence cross-correlation

PURPOSE: To investigate the patterns of healthcare use (HCU) at the last year of life in persons with osteoarthritis (OA).METHODS: Using linked registers, we identified persons aged≥ 65 years who died during 2003-2014 and were resided in the Skåne region during 5-year prior to death. Among these, we randomly matched decedents with a principal OA diagnosis prior to the last year of life (OA cohort,

AIM: Self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) as bridge to surgery have been questioned due to the fear of perforation and tumour spread. This study aimed to compare SEMS and stoma as bridge to surgery in acute malignant large bowel obstruction in the Swedish population. METHOD: Medical records of patients identified via the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Register 2007-2009 were collected and scrutinized.

Background: Wrist osteoarthritis can cause persistent pain, reduced joint mobility, and difficulty performing daily activities, negatively impacting quality of life. Although patient education and exercise therapy are recommended as first-line treatments for osteoarthritis in other joints, evidence supporting these strategies for wrist osteoarthritis remains limited. This randomized controlled tri

As artificial intelligence continues to evolve, neuromorphic technologies, which emulate biological neural networks, are increasingly seen as a promising direction. Two-dimensional materials are considered promising for neuromorphic applications due to their tunable electrical and optoelectronic properties. In this work, a back-gated tin disulfide (SnS2) field-effect transistor (FET) is electrical

Staphylococcus aureus remains one of the most elusive targets in bacterial vaccinology, primarily due to its complex immune evasion strategies and the phenomenon of immune imprinting. Despite decades of research and numerous clinical trials, no vaccine has demonstrated protective efficacy in humans. This review examines the underlying reasons for these failures and proposes a rational, integrativ

The role of anyonic statistics stands as a cornerstone in the landscape of topological quantum techniques. While recent years have brought forth encouraging and persuasive strides in detecting anyons, a significant facet remains unexplored, especially in view of connecting anyonic physics to quantum information platforms—whether and how entanglement can be generated by anyonic braiding. Here, we d

IntroductionThe evidence for assessing whether a single stab injury to the trunk was inflicted by another person in an assault or self-inflicted has primarily been derived from autopsy studies. In this study, we investigate whether victim demographics, crime scene circumstances, and the injury characteristics of assault survivals are interchangeable with homicide characteristics, with a specific f

This thesis aims to investigate the novel physics around Majorana bound states (MBSs). MBSs are quasiparticle excitations predicted to exist in topological superconductors. Due to the inherent protection they obtain from their topology, they have long been regarded as a promising setup to build a topologically protected quantum computer. Apart from this very practical application, they continue to

The Majorana tetron is a prototypical topological qubit stemming from the ground-state degeneracy of a superconducting island hosting four Majorana modes. This degeneracy manifests as an effective nonlocal spin degree of freedom, the most paradigmatic signature of which is the topological Kondo effect. Degeneracies of states with different fermionic parities also characterize minimal Kitaev chains

This study presents the fabrication of all-dielectric silicon-based twisted L-shape metamaterials using a two-step electron-beam glancing angle deposition approach. Systematic chiroptical characterization and optimization are performed through Mueller matrix generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry and finite element modeling, demonstrating tunable, broadband chirality response with potential applic

Tuning the spectral and directional characteristics of thermal emission is critical for advancing technologies such as thermophotovoltaics (TPVs), passive thermal radiative cooling (PTRC), and solar thermophotovoltaics (STPVs), yet scalable fabrication methods remain limited. Here, femtosecond laser surface processing (FLSP), a top-down ablation and re-solidification approach is employed, to creat

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Europe, with myocardial infarction (MI) being one of its most severe manifestations. While many risk factors for CVD are well known, occupational exposures remain relatively understudied—especially in analyses that adjust for co-occurring workplace exposures. This study aimed to examine the association between occupational exposure to c

Peripheral nerve tumours, most commonly schwannomas and neurofibromas, might present significant challenges by eliciting physical symptoms and emotional distress. We aimed to explore patients’ expectations, perceptions, and experiences regarding their diagnosis and the surgical treatment of a nerve tumour in the upper limb. Fourteen adults (10 women, 4 men; age range 35–85) from two Swedish hand s

This thesis presents four interconnected studies showing methods for characterizing and separating cells based on their acoustic properties, with particular focus on isolating rare cells from blood samples.The first study introduces a technique for single-cell density measurements using microcapillary-adapted density gradient centrifugation. Using fluorescent markers to visualize the density gradi

Halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a transformative photovoltaic technology, achieving unprecedented power conversion efficiencies. However, the development of electron-transport materials (ETMs), particularly organic ETMs, has significantly trailed behind the rapid progress in hole-transport materials (HTMs). Among the organic ETMs, naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based systems stand

Stage- and lineage-specific gene expression patterns are controlled by a complex interplay between transcription factors, the epigenetic landscape, and the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the DNA. The 3D structure allows for the formation of DNA loops that juxtaposition distal regulatory elements to the promoters, allowing for tight control of gene expression. Developing a tool to facilitate t

Acoustofluidic particle manipulation has attracted considerable interest in biomedical applications due to its non-contact and label-free characteristics. However, existing computational models for predicting particle motion in acoustofluidic systems mainly focus on single-particle behavior, often neglecting particle–particle interactions and the impact of particle distribution on the acoustic and

Histatins are a family of multifunctional, cationic histidine-rich saliva peptides. The most prominently represented are Histatin 1, Histatin 3, and Histatin 5. Despite considerable similarities in primary structure, the three members are known to display varied antimicrobial properties and healing abilities. This study aims to provide a detailed structural comparison of Histatin 1, Histatin 3, an