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BACKGROUND: For unknown reasons girls are at an increased risk of coeliac disease compared to boys. However, the observed association might be confounded, since maternal coeliac disease is associated with both an increased risk of the disease in first-degree relatives as well as an increased ratio of girls to boys in offspring. AIMS: We investigate the effect of sex on the risk of coeliac dise
It is hoped that information garnered from studies on population genetics will one day be translated into a form in which it meaningfully improves the prediction, prevention or treatment of type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes genetics researchers have made extraordinary progress in identifying common genetic variants that are associated with type 2 diabetes, which has shed light on the biological pat
BACKGROUND: To evaluate factors associated with incidence and 3-year all-cause mortality in patients with aortic aneurysm (AA). The design is sex and age-stratified (60-79 and 80-90 years) prospective cohort. By using the population register, we constituted a cohort of all men and women born between 1900 and 1930 and living in Scania by 1991, and followed them for 13 years. Identification of AA wa
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: PPARGC1A and PPARGC1B encode transcriptional coactivators that regulate numerous type 2 diabetes-related metabolic processes. Common genetic variation across PPARGC1A/B was characterised by genotyping tagging variants. We then tested associations of these variants with diabetes incidence or change in quantifiable metabolic traits directly or via interactions (with metformin treatm
People vary genetically in their susceptibility to the effects of environmental risk factors for many diseases. Genetic variation also underlies the extent to which people respond appropriately to clinical therapies. Defining the basis to the interactions between the genome and the environment may help elucidate the biologic basis to diseases such as type 2 diabetes, as well as help target prevent
It is yet unknown to which degree young subfertile men present with signs of hypogonadism and whether low testosterone concentration, like in older men, is associated with risk of osteoporosis and metabolic derangements in those subjects. The objective was, therefore, to investigate the prevalence of hypogonadism and its association with metabolic and bone parameters in young subfertile men.
PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the effects of 5-HT on extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) and Akt pathways in prostate cancer (PC) cells. METHODS: PC cell lines PC-3, Du145, and LNCaP stimulated with 5-HT in the presence of MEK or PI3K inhibitors and 5-HT receptor subtype 1A antagonist were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The proliferation assay Br
Precursor cells of the myeloerythroid cell lineages give rise to mature cells of the granulocyte, monocyte, erythroid, and/or thrombocytic lineages. High-resolution profiling of the developmental stages, from hematopoietic stem cells to mature progeny, is important to study and understand the underlying mechanisms that guide various cell fate decisions. In addition, this approach provides greater
High level of physical activity (PA) is associated with great muscle strength and high fracture risk. This prospective controlled population-based study evaluated how a pediatric PA intervention program influenced muscle strength and fracture risk.
Self-reported data on smoking during pregnancy from the Medical Birth Register of Sweden (MBR) are widely used. However, underreporting of such behaviour may occur, leading to biases. It is of importance to validate the smoking data in the MBR. The main objective was to investigate the agreement between self-reported smoking data from the MBR and cotinine levels in maternal serum among women from
The F344 rat carries alleles contributing to bone fragility while the GK rat spontaneously develops type-2 diabetes. These characteristics make F344xGK crosses well suited for the identification of genes related to bone size and allow for future investigation on the association with type-2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for bone size phenotypes measu
Most complex diseases have well-established genetic and non-genetic risk factors. In some instances, these risk factors are likely to interact, whereby their joint effects convey a level of risk that is either significantly more or less than the sum of these risks. Characterizing these gene-environment interactions may help elucidate the biology of complex diseases, as well as to guide strategies
Abstract SETTING: Sweden under transition from high to low tuberculosis (TB) incidence from 1920 to 2009. OBJECTIVE: To correlate estimates of TB infection in birth cohorts with the longitudinal incidence of active TB to assess the long-term risk and time pattern of reactivated TB. DESIGN: Time trend analysis on TB incidence using age-cohort modelling. RESULTS: The overall TB incidence decrease
To explore the relation between country of birth and risk of hospitalization due to heart failure (HF). All 40-89 year-old inhabitants in the city of Malmö, Sweden (n = 114,917, of whom 15.2% were born outside Sweden) were followed from November 1st, 1990 until December 31st, 2007. During a mean follow-up of 13.5 ± 5.3 years, a total of 7,640 individuals (47.4% men) were discharged from hospital w
AIMS: In western countries out-of-hospital ischaemic heart disease (IHD) deaths account for approximately 50-70% of all IHD deaths. The objective was to examine the trends in out-of-hospital IHD deaths in the Region of Skåne in southern Sweden, in different sex- and age-groups. METHODS: All 14,347 persons (range 24-110 years) in Skåne who died out-of-hospital between 1992 and 2003 from IHD (I410-
The World Health Organization (WHO) tuberculosis (TB) symptom screening instrument (WHO-TB) can identify human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals at low risk of tuberculosis (TB); however, many patients report WHO-TB symptoms and require further TB investigations. We hypothesized that further clinical scoring could classify subjects with a positive WHO-TB screening result (WHO-TB(+)
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of adult disability. Stroke-induced brain damage is accompanied by inflammation - activation of resident microglia and infiltration of blood-circulating monocytes. The effect of these cells on neuro-plasticity and recovery after stroke could be detrimental as well as beneficial. The future challenge is to understand the mechanisms of action of immune cells on cellu
Moraxella catarrhalis is an emerging human respiratory pathogen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and in children with acute otitis media. The specific secretion machinery known as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) is a mechanism by which Gram-negative pathogens interact with host cells during infection. We identified 57 proteins in M. catarrhalis OMVs using a proteomics a
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) constitute a rare population of tissue-specific cells that can self-renew and differentiate into all lineages of the blood cell system. These properties are critical for tissue regeneration and clinical applications of HSCs. Cord blood is an easily accessible source of HSCs. However, the number of HSCs from one unit is too low to effectively transplant most adult pa
