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The relationship between the genetic and environmental risk factors for alcohol use disorders (AUD) detected in Swedish medical, pharmacy, and criminal registries has not been hitherto examined. Prior twin studies have varied with regard to the detection of shared environmental effects and sex differences in the etiology of AUD. In this report, structural equation modeling in OpenMx was applied to
Background: The epidemiology of metastatic gastric cancer is unexplored because cancer registries seldom cover metastatic involvement apart from "present or not". We used a novel approach by utilizing Swedish registers to assess metastatic spread in gastric cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first nationwide description of metastases in gastric cancer. Results: The most common sites of metastas
Using Swedish nationwide registry data, the authors investigated the correlation of genetic and environmental risk factors in the etiology of drug abuse as ascertained from medical and criminal registries by modeling twin and sibling data. Medical drug abuse was defined using public inpatient and outpatient records, while criminal drug abuse was ascertained through legal records. Twin, full and ha
BackgroundChild mortality differed greatly within rural regions in Europe before and during the mortality decline. Not much is known about the role of nutrition in such geographic differences, and about the factors affecting the nutritional level and hence the resistance to diseases.ObjectiveFocusing on nutrition, we analyse the effects of soil type, used as an indicator of the farm-level agricult
Background: The survival time in nursing homes (NHs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) might be affected by sociodemographic/clinical characteristics, rate of disease progression, and use of specific medications and community-based services. Whether different aspects of cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) therapy modify time spent in NHs is unclear. Therefore, we examined the relationship between these pote
Optogenetics is one of the most powerful tools in neuroscience, allowing for selective control of specific neuronal populations in the brain of experimental animals, including mammals. We report, for the first time, the application of optogenetic tools to human brain tissue providing a proof-of-concept for the use of optogenetics in neuromodulation of human cortical and hippocampal neurons as a po
Background: Criminal offending is strongly transmitted across generations. Aims: To clarify the contribution of rearing environment to crossgenerational transmission of crime. Method: Using Swedish national registries, we identified 1176 fullsibling and 3085 half-sibling sets from high-risk families where at least one sibling was adopted and the other raised by the biological parents. Results: Ris
The epidemiology of metastases in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is virtually unknown. The present novel approach took use of two nationwide Swedish registers to assess the distribution of metastatic sites in comparison to adenocarcinoma. 7,334 patients with NET were identified from the Swedish Cancer Registry. Metastatic sites were identified from the National Patient and Cause of Death Registries.
Studies on whether family history (FH) of venous thromboembolism (VTE) affects long-term mortality after VTE are missing. The aim of this study was to determine whether FH of VTE affects long-term mortality after a first episode of VTE. Using Swedish medical databases, we conducted a 30-year nationwide cohort study of 49,159 adult Swedish born patients included in the multi-generation register (bo
Background: Whether high cardiovascular fitness is associated with reduced risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is unknown. The present study aims to determine whether high cardiovascular fitness reduces the risk of VTE. Methods: A Swedish cohort of male conscripts (n = 773,925) born in 1954–1970 with no history of previous VTE were followed from enlistment (1972–1990) until 2010. Data on cardiova
Objectives: To identify factors that predict the use of community-based home help services in long-term cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI)-treated patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: The Swedish Alzheimer Treatment Study (SATS) is an open, prospective, non-randomized, multicentre study in a routine clinical setting. Patients with AD living at home at the time of inclusion received treatm
In this paper some findings from a pilot study regarding the use of risk- and vulnerability analysis in society's management of extreme events is presented. The study consisted of two major parts. The first part was an interview study with the main objective to generate a preliminary overview of methods and procedures used by 9 selected Swedish governmental agencies in their risk- and crisis manag
Well developed emergency response capabilities are crucial in order to keep the risk in a community at low levels. Analysing these capabilities before an emergency occurs is important since it can identify weaknesses and possibilities for improvements. To start off from an operational definition is a possible point of departure in such an analysis. In this paper, therefore, we develop an operation
Background/objectives: Patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are at present treated with galantamine without actual knowledge of plasma concentration levels. The aim of this presentation is to analyse the relationship between galantamine plasma concentration, dose, demographics and body mass index (BMI). Methods: A total of 84 AD patients recruited at the Memory Clinic in Malmö, Sweden, treated w
We analyse the effects of soil type on mortality of children aged 2-15 living in five rural parishes in Sweden between 1850 and 1914. We use micro-level longitudinal demographic data combined with micro-level longitudinal geographic data. Here, the individuals in the parishes are linked to the property units they lived in. We find that, compared to those living in property units covered by 80-100%
Preparedness planning is part of the disaster management process in many countries and it includes building capabilities to improve the effectiveness of response to various scenarios. Sweden, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom all use risk and vulnerability analyses together with capability assessments as part of their preparations for disasters. Whereas the definitions of risk and vulnerabili
