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The implications of obesity and weight loss for human bone health are not well understood. Although the bone changes associated with weight loss are similar in humans and rodents, that is not the case for obesity. In humans, obesity is generally associated with increased bone mass, an outcome which is exacerbated by advanced age and menopause. In rodents, by contrast, bone mass decreases in propor
Background: Few data have looked at the occurrence and clinical correlates of self-reported shorter than desired ejaculation latency (rapid ejaculation, RE) and its related distress in the general population. Aim: To determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of self-reported RE and RE- related distress in middle age and older European men. Methods: Subjects were recruited from population sa
The photocatalytic performance of two-dimensional materials is largely limited by the fast recombination of photogenerated charges. Herein, we design and fabricate a novel g-C3N4/BO0.2N0.8 van der Waals heterostructure to realize oriented charge flow in-plane and separation within the interface. On one hand, a B-C bond forms within the g-C3N4/BO0.2N0.8 interface after the introduction of O atoms.
Here we present the field induced self-assembly of anisotropic colloidal particles whose shape resembles peanuts. Being made up of hematite core and silica shell, these particles align in a direction perpendicular to the applied external magnetic field. Using small-angle X-ray scattering with microradian resolution (μrad-SAXS) in sedimented samples, we have found that one can tune the self-assembl
In a recent population-based study, an elevated risk of the Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes was found in childless men compared to those who have fathered one or more children. Therefore, by using a larger cohort of more than 22 000 men from the Malmo Preventive Project (MPP) we aimed to expand our observations in order to evaluate the metabolic profile of childless men and to evalua
The unique diagnostic possibilities of X-ray diffraction, small X-ray scattering and phase-contrast imaging techniques applied with high-intensity coherent X-ray synchrotron and X-ray free-electron laser radiation can only be fully realized if a sufficient dynamic range and/or spatial resolution of the detector is available. In this work, it is demonstrated that the use of lithium fluoride (LiF) a
In the last two decades, extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the three domains of life, Archaea, Bacteria and Eukaryotes, have gained increasing scientific attention. As such, the role of EVs in host-pathogen communication and immune modulation are being intensely investigated. Pivotal to EV research is the determination of how and where EVs are taken up by recipient cells and organs in vivo, which
In this study, the effects of elliptical and super-elliptical film holes on the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness under a density ratio of 2 and blowing ratios 0.5 and 1 are studied. Five different cases are designed by considering various length-to-width ratios and the baseline is the model with cylindrical film hole. The DES with the Realizable k-ε model is adopted for the five cases to inves
In order to make a better understanding of dehydrogenation mechanisms of liquid organic hydrogen carriers, cyclohexane was selected as a model compound to carry out its decomposition studies over Pt(1 1 1), Pd(1 1 1), Rh(1 1 1), and Ni(1 1 1) surfaces via periodic density functional theory calculations. The adsorption geometries and adsorption energies of reaction intermediates were presented. Sim
This paper focuses on the development of 2-terminal CIGS-perovskite tandem solar cells by exploring a range of stack sequences and synthetic procedures for depositing the associated layers. In the end, we converged at a stack sequence composed of SLG/Mo/CIGS/CdS/i-ZnO/ZnO:Al/NiO/PTAA/Perovskite/LiF/PCBM/SnO2/ITO. With this architecture, we reached performances only about 1% lower than the correspo
Wide-viscosity-range impellers have extensive demands and applications in process industry. The gas–liquid dispersion and mass transfer characteristics of wide-viscosity-range impellers including Large-double-blade (LDB) impeller, Fullzone (FZ) impeller and Maxblend (MB) impeller in water solutions of xanthan gum were investigated experimentally and compared. The influences of gas flow rate, impel
So far, research on plant-associated macroinvertebrates, even if conducted on a large number of water bodies, has mostly focused on a relatively small area, permitting limited conclusions to be drawn regarding potentially broader geographic effects, including climate. Some recent studies have shown that the composition of epiphytic communities may differ considerably among climatic zones. To asses
We investigate with in situ surface X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and X-ray reflectivity (XRR) experiments the cathodic stability of an ultrathin single-crystalline IrO2(110) film with a regular array of mesoscopic rooflike structures that is supported on a RuO2(110)/Ru(0001) template. It turns out that the planarity of the single-crystalline IrO2(110) film is lost in that IrO2(110) oxide domains delam
High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) were used to characterize IrO2(110) films on Ir(100) with stoichiometric as well as OH-rich terminations. Core-level Ir 4f and O 1s peaks were identified for the undercoordinated Ir and O atoms and bridging and on-top OH groups at the IrO2(110) surfaces. Peak assignments were validated by comparison of the c
Osteoporosis-related fractures are undertreated, due in part to misinformation about recommended approaches to patient care and discrepancies among treatment guidelines. To help bridge this gap and improve patient outcomes, the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research assembled a multistakeholder coalition to develop clinical recommendations for the optimal prevention of secondary fracture a
Executive function is defined as a set of cognitive skills that are necessary to plan, monitor, and execute a sequence of goal-directed complex actions. Executive function is influenced by a variety of factors, including habitual sleep duration and diabetes. In the present study, we investigated in 18,769 Swedish adults (mean age: 61 y) the association between executive function, diabetes, and sel
With the rapid development of short-pulse intense laser sources, studies of matter under extreme irradiation conditions enter further unexplored regimes. In addition, an application of X-ray Free-Electron Lasers (XFELs) delivering intense femtosecond X-ray pulses, allows to investigate sample evolution in IR pump - X-ray probe experiments with an unprecedented time resolution. Here we present a de
Many-body physics describes phenomena that cannot be understood by looking only at the constituents of a system1. Striking examples are broken symmetry, phase transitions and collective excitations2. To understand how such collective behaviour emerges as a system is gradually assembled from individual particles has been a goal in atomic, nuclear and solid-state physics for decades3–6. Here we obse
