Search results

When designing compensation payments for biodiversity conservation measures setting appropriate incentives so that landowners select spatially connected land parcels for conservation is of key importance for many species. The proposition of an agglomeration bonus, where landowners receive a homogeneous payment and a bonus on top if the spatial allocation of conserved land benefits biodiversity, ha

The study of brain development in humans is limited by the lack of tissue samples and suitable in vitro models. Here, we model early human neural tube development using human embryonic stem cells cultured in a microfluidic device. The approach, named microfluidic-controlled stem cell regionalization (MiSTR), exposes pluripotent stem cells to signaling gradients that mimic developmental patterning.

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and achieving carbon neutrality require enhancing spark-ignition engine efficiency and compatibility with renewable fuels. However, electrode wear of spark plugs presents a significant challenge in hydrogen-fueled spark-ignition internal combustion engines. Such excessive wear increases the total cost of ownership and may delay the introduction of such low-emissio

Brazed stainless steel joints are critical in heat exchanger applications but often suffer from residual stresses and brittle intermetallics. Using in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and fluorescence at the DanMAX beamline, we investigated Fe-based filler joints in SS316 under tensile loading. Elemental mapping and phase analysis revealed distinct interfacial solidification zones (ISZ), atherma

By 2050, electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to be 40% of all cars on the road1. In some countries like Norway, more than 90% of the new cars sold are electric2. This rise in EVs presents challenges to the current electricity infrastructure to meet this rapid increase in electricity demand. In this study, we simulate urban residential electricity demand using an agent-based model to investigate t

In the Law and Emotion field, the integration of reason and emotion finds support in empirical research. Legal practice, however, still maintains that ‘rational, objective’ law is devoid of emotion. This raises the question of how to incorporate the divide itself in a theoretical understanding of the role of emotions in legal practice. The legal system is congenial with other modern bureaucratic iIn the Law and Emotion field, the integration of reason and emotion finds support in empirical research. Legal practice, however, still maintains that ‘rational, objective’ law is devoid of emotion. This raises the question of how to incorporate the divide itself in a theoretical understanding of the role of emotions in legal practice. The legal system is congenial with other modern bureaucratic i

Efficient and clean production of electrical and mechanical energy for use in industry, transportation and propulsion is currently a concern. The transition from fossil fuels to biofuels involves challenges related to the fuel composition and combustion, as well as methods to increase engine fuel flexibility. One potentially useful tool under development is Plasma Assisted Combustion (PAC), where

Renewable diesel fuels may reduce greenhouse gas emissions and particulate matter compared to fossil diesel, but the toxicity of their combustion products remains unclear. This study assessed pulmonary effects of renewable diesel exhaust particles in female C57BL/6NTac mice after single intratracheal instillation (6, 18, or 54 µg/mouse). Particles were generated from renewable fuels (rapeseed meth

In a community effort to combat sample mislabeling in multi-omic studies, computational solutions received show a wide range of accuracy. The final collaborative product, COSMO, achieves high performance. Applying COSMO to published datasets demonstrates biological impact of the tool.Sample mislabeling or misannotation has been a long-standing problem in scientific research, particularly prevalent in large-scale, multi-omic studies due to the complexity of multi-omic workflows. There exists an urgent need for implementing quality controls to automatically screen for and correct sample mislabels or misannotations in multi-omic studies. Here, we describe a crowdsourced precision

Fysisk aktivitet är en hälsofrämjande livsstilsfaktor som minskar risken för flera kroniska sjukdomar såsom hjärt-kärlsjukdomar, diabetes typ 2, depression och vissa typer av cancer. En av cancerformerna där risken minskas är bröstcancer som är den vanligaste cancern hos kvinnor, i Sverige insjuknar ungefär 7 500 kvinnor per år. Bröstcancer kan delas in i olika subgrupper som till viss del styr beBackground: Physical activity and avoidance of sedentariness do enhance health in women with breast cancer, and could even reduce the risk of developing the disease. One aim of this thesis was to elucidate the association between sedentariness and breast cancer risk in women as a whole, and then separately for those younger than 55 years old and those 55 years or older. Two additional aims were re

The behavior of animals is commonly studied in medicine and biology. There is a large variation in what animals are studied, in experimental paradigms and purpose.However, many studies on animal behavior have at least one thing in common - it typically involves measuring or studying the kinematics of the animal. To allow for verifiable and quantitative behavioral analysis, the experiments are reco

We make Deterministic Lateral Displacement (DLD) flexible by combining it with AC electrokinetics.

This article draws on socio-legal theory in relation to growing concerns over fairness, accountability and transparency of societally applied artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. The purpose is to contribute to a broad socio-legal orientation by describing legal and normative challenges posed by applied AI. To do so, the article first analyses a set of problematic cases, e.g. image rThis article draws on socio-legal theory in relation to growing concerns over fairness, accountability and transparency of societally applied artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. The purpose is to contribute to a broad socio-legal orientation by describing legal and normative challenges posed by applied AI. To do so, the article first analyzes a set of problematic cases, e.g., image

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and impaired cognitive functions. The higher incidence of AD among women indicates that sex is one of the main risk factor for developing the disease. Using the transgenic amyloid precursor protein × presenilin 1 (APPxPS1) mouse model of AD, we investigated sex inequality with regards to memory capaci

The effect of severe insulin-induced hypoglycemia on the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme complex (PDHC) was investigated in homogenates of frozen rat cerebral cortex during burst suppression EEG, after 10, 30, and 60 min of isoelectric EEG, and after 30 and 180 min and 24 h of recovery following 30 min of hypoglycemic coma. Changes in PDHC activity were correlated to levels of labile

Abstract: The concentrations of cyclic AMP, noradrenaline, glycogen, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, labile phosphate compounds, and free fatty acids were investigated in the rat neocortex and hippocampus during and following cerebral ischemia. An incomplete ischemia of 5 and 15 min duration was induced by bilateral carotid clamping combined with hypotension. The postischemic events were studied afte

There is a well-documented large positive correlation between education and health and yet it remains unclear as to whether this is a causal relationship. Potential reasons for this lack of clarity include estimation using different methods, analysis of different populations and school reforms that are different in design. In this paper we assess whether the type of school reform, the instrument a

Background: Sonographers have a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Sonography involves strenuous postures in the neck and upper limbs, and is visually demanding. Echocardiography is especially challenging, with static postures and monotonous movements. Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to identify ergonomic risk factors for pain in sonographers, and to propose actions for sustainable wo

Under de senaste åren har flera författare granskat de kliniska resultaten av Electro Enhanced Chemotherapy:• Elektrokemoterapi för primär hudcancer och hudmetastas i samband med andra maligniteter (Reinhold, 2011).• Utnyttjande av elektrokemoterapi vid behandling av melanom (Testori et al., 2012).• Antitumörverkan av elektrokemoterapi: En systematisk granskning och meta-analys (Mali et al., 2013)In recent years several authors have reviewed the clinical results of Electro Enhanced Chemotherapy: • Electro-chemotherapy for primary skin cancer and skin metastasis related to other malignancies (Reinhold, 2011). • Utility of electro-chemotherapy in melanoma treatment (Testori et al., 2012).• Antitumor effectiveness of electro-chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Mali et al