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The reliability of a critical industrial component is decided by the durability of the weakest joint or spot. For applications involving high-temperature operational conditions especially coupled with corrosive environments like fuel cell interconnections, molten metal baths, etc., the joints are the most vulnerable regions for catastrophic failure due to localized material degradation by selectiv
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common blood malignancy, with several lines of evidence supporting an inherited genetic component. Here, we sequenced 177 affected individuals from 128 families, and 170 early-onset MM cases diagnosed before 55 years of age. Samples were identified and collected through nationwide efforts in France, Sweden, and Greece. We focused on rare germline protein tr
Objective: Drug eluting stents (DES) might improve the results of stenting in the femoropopliteal (FP) segment, but randomized data between DES and BMS in the treatment of patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) is lacking. The aim of this study was to perform a randomized comparison, between DES and bare metal stent (BMS) implantation in a subgroup of CLTI patients with lesions in
Microhabitat conditions determine the magnitude and speed of microbial processes but have been challenging to investigate. In this study we used microfluidic devices to determine the effect of the spatial distortion of a pore space on fungal and bacterial growth, interactions, and substrate degradation. The devices contained channels differing in bending angles and order. Sharper angles reduced fu
BACKGROUND: Diesel engine exhaust causes adverse health effects. Meanwhile, the impact of renewable diesel exhaust, such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), on human health is less known. Nineteen healthy volunteers were exposed to HVO exhaust for 3 h in a chamber with a double-blind, randomized setup. Exposure scenarios comprised of HVO exhaust from two modern non-road vehicles with 1) no aftert
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of plasma cells. Epidemiological studies indicate a substantial heritable component, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, in a genome-wide association study totaling 10,906 cases and 366,221 controls, we identify 35 MM risk loci, 12 of which are novel. Through functional fine-mapping and Mendelian randomization, we uncover two causal
Air pollution is a global challenge impacting the lives of millions of people, especially in low-income countries. Improving air quality is linked to several of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The state of particulate matter (PM) pollution in Ethiopia and the importance of a national ambient air quality monitoring program are discussed. The contributions of NASA’s upcoming
Background: Providing secondary prevention through structured and comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programmes to patients after a myocardial infarction (MI) reduces mortality and morbidity and improves health-related quality of life. Cardiac rehabilitation has the highest recommendation in current guidelines. While treatment target attainment rates at Swedish cardiac rehabilitation centres is
IntroductionBeta-lactam antibiotics are essential in the treatment of Gram-negative bloodstream infections. The effect of beta-lactam antibiotics depends on the time of unbound antibiotic concentration above the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). An antibiotic concentration above MIC during the whole dosing interval (100% ƒT > MIC) has been suggested as a target for severe infections. The aim
We investigate how the anchoring effect—a well-established cognitive bias—influences the full distribution of subjective beliefs. While prior research extensively examines the impact of anchoring and other biases on point estimates, their effect on higher moments of the distribution remains unexplored. Through a pre-registered online experiment (N=732), we find that anchoring impacts the mean, var
Low-dimensional topological states have transformed our understanding of charge transportation through quantum materials. Many relevant observations have been connected to bismuth (Bi) containing materials or ultrathin Bi films. Here, we studied sub-monolayer amounts of Bi deposition on the In-terminated InSb(111)A surface using various complementary surface science techniques. Bi deposition at el
Background: The benefit of surgical resection for colorectal cancer (CRC) lung metastases is unclear. The aim was to investigate the incidence, treatment strategy, and 5-year overall survival (OS) in CRC patients with isolated lung metastases. Methods: This registry-based retrospective cohort study included patients treated with curative resection of CRC within the county of Skåne during the perio
AbstractBackground: The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus infections have been investigated extensively and at an accelerated pace in recent years, largely driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Particular attention has been given to their potential roles in respiratory insufficiency, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, and inflammatory responses within the centBackground: The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus infections have been investigated extensivelyand at an accelerated pace in recent years, largely driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Particular attention has been given to their potential rolesin respiratory insufficiency, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, and inflammatory responses within the central nervou
AbstractBackground: The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus infections have been investigated extensively and at an accelerated pace in recent years, largely driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Particular attention has been given to their potential roles in respiratory insufficiency, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, and inflammatory responses within the centBackground: The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus infections have been investigated extensivelyand at an accelerated pace in recent years, largely driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Particular attention has been given to their potential rolesin respiratory insufficiency, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, and inflammatory responses within the central nervou
Process-based forest models combine biological, physical, and chemical process understanding to simulate forest dynamics as an emergent property of the system. As such, they are valuable tools to investigate the effects of climate change on forest ecosystems. Specifically, they allow testing of hypotheses regarding long-term ecosystem dynamics and provide means to assess the impacts of climate sce
Neuroblastoma is a childhood developmental cancer; however, its embryonic origins remain poorly understood. Moreover, in-depth studies of early tumor-driving events are limited because of the lack of appropriate models. Herein, we analyzed RNA sequencing data obtained from human neuroblastoma samples and found that loss of expression of trunk neural crest–enriched gene MOXD1 associates with advanc
The deposited dose of particles in the respiratory tract is an important factor for understanding health effects of aerosol particles. It is a combination of the exposure, volume of inhaled air and particle deposition. At increasing activity the minute ventilation ( volume of breath x number of breaths ) increase . Little is known about if and how this affects the regional particle deposition.
Background: Smartwatches are commonly capable to record a lead-I-like electrocardiogram (ECG) and perform a photoplethysmography (PPG)-based atrial fibrillation (AF) detection. Wearable technologies repeatedly face the challenge of frequent premature beats, particularly in target populations for screening of AF. Objective: To investigate the potential diagnostic benefit of six-lead ECG compared to
There is a long history of avian studies investigating the impacts of urbanization. While differences in several life-history traits have been documented, either between urban and rural populations or across generalized urbanization gradients, a detailed understanding of which specific environmental variables cause these phenotypic differences is still lacking. Here, we quantified several local en
