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Betong är världens mest använda byggnadsmaterial och kan användas i många olika syften. Betong består av cement som bindemedel och vatten, sand och sten (ballast).Tillverkningen av cement är problematisk eftersom det medför stora koldioxidutsläpp och det har varit ett fokus inom branschen att minska miljöpåverkan. De framsteg som har gjorts för att minska miljöpåverkan är bland annat att använda a

Abstract Many infectious diseases interact with their immediate environments. Prevention strategies have to be executed on the individual level as well as within the risk environment. Risk factors refer to factors outside of the individual that influence the risk of transmission. However, this thesis focuses on macro level issues such as socioeconomic, political, demographic and technologic

The following paper addresses the question of how the right to self-defense is applied against multiple attackers, especially when they act in concert. Chapter 24 of the Swedish Criminal Code stipulates the right to self-defense in case of criminal attacks on persons or property, provided that the action is not clearly unjustifiable. Since the preparatory work for the Swedish Criminal Code only co

Syftet med arbetet var att studera hur kommuner följer upp BBR:s krav på energiberäkningar, verifieringar och hur de säkerställer att byggnader är energieffektiva och fuktsäkra. För att kunna ta reda på det begärdes bygghandlingar ut och intervjuer genomfördes med byggnadsinspektörer. Totalt 25 stycken energiberäkningar på villor begärdes ut för att kunna jämföra om alla byggnader uppfyller kravenThe purpose of the work was to study how villas satisfied BBR's requirements for energy calculations, verifications and how to ensure that buildings are energy efficient and moisture-proof. In order to find out this, construction documents and interviews with building inspectors were requested. In total 25 energy calculations on villas were requested in order to be able to compare whether all

I vilken utsträckning garanteras egentligen rätten till liv? Historiskt sett har användningen av dödsstraff varit omfattande och genomförts med varierande metoder. Debatten kring straffet har pågått under lång tid men under 1900- talet tog den fart på riktigt och både Sverige och Danmark undersökte möj- ligheterna att avskaffa straffet i fredstid under tidigt 1900-tal. De resonemang och argument sTo what extent is the right to life truly guaranteed? Historically, the use of the death penalty has been extensive and implemented through various methods. The discourse surrounding this penalty has persisted for an extended period, gaining bigger attention in the 20th century when both Sweden and Denmark explored the possibilities of abolishing the penalty during peacetime in the early 1900s. Th

On the 1st of September 2022 an amendment in the Swedish Enforcement Code (1981:774) came into effect, with the result that an administrative decision today as a general rule becomes an enforcement title, under the condition that it contains an obligation of payment as well as being appealable. The purpose of this amendment to the law was to bring about a more effective enforcement procedure conce

Datorsimuleringar av barnhjärtinterventioner Aortaklaffstenos är ett vanligt medfött hjärtfel hos barn, som innebär att aortaklaffen är trång och släpper igenom för lite blod. Aortaklaffen har vanligtvis tre klaffblad. I en typ av aortaklaffstenos har två av klaffbladen vuxit ihop, så att klaffen endast har två klaffblad. Detta leder till att klaffen inte kan öppnas helt vilket tvingar hjärtat atAortic valve stenosis is a common congenital heart defect among children. In affected patients, the normal tricuspid valve structure is malformed into a bicuspid valve structure due to a fusion at one commissure. A common treatment is transcatheter balloon valvuloplasty, where a balloon is inserted through the aortic valve and inflated to mechanically tear the fused region, restoring a tricuspid s

Historiskt sett har Bitcoin ansetts vara en volatil tillgång utan koppling till traditionella investeringar som S&P 500. Därför har investerare kunnat använda Bitcoin som en "säker hamn" under nedgångar på börsen. Under COVID-19 skedde dock en oväntad förändring - korrelationen mellan Bitcoin och börsindex ökade kraftigt. I detta examensarbete undersöker vi om detta var en tillfälligThis thesis investigates the dynamic correlation between the S&P 500 and Bitcoin returns from 2018 to 2024. To capture potential regime-specific dynamics, a Markov Switching Model is employed to segment each return data into two distinct states characterized by high or low volatility, using a LASSO regression to find the appropriate explanatory variables for the returns. Univariate GARCH(1,1)

In 2023, a committee directive was issued to initiate an investigation aimed at reviewing the current special treatment of young offenders within criminal law and proposing changes to the system. The goal was to increase the level of repression and reduce youth sentence reductions. This paper focuses on the proposed changes in the report for the age groups 15–17 and 18–20 years. The report suggest

This paper aims to examine whether instances of climate injustice faced by the Sami community are acknowledged and given priority in Sweden's efforts to mitigate climate change. The study centers on mining, which has a complex relationship spanning both current issues and historical tensions between Sami interests and governmental ambitions. The paper will take a postcolonial approach, with a

Workplace social media monitoring has become increasingly prevalent, raising critical concerns about privacy and fairness in employee-employer relationships. This thesis investigated the associations between the Big Five personality traits and employee perceptions of social media monitoring in the workplace. Using a quantitative research design, the study examined how openness, conscientiousness,

This research aims to study how the digital tool SKILLS changes social work in the labor market administration in Sweden. A qualitative interview study was carried out, and six social workers were interviewed through semi-structured interviews. In the interviews, attention is drawn to the fact that the digital tool has great significance in the social workers' daily work. SKILLS is a mandatory

Det primära syftet med studien var att undersöka genomförbarheten av dagliga skattningar två gånger dagligen av symtom, psykologisk flexibilitet (PF) och funktion hos vuxna med systemisk lupus erythematosus (SLE). Det sekundära syftet var att undersöka sambandet mellan de vanligaste och mest besvärande symtomen på SLE (dvs. smärta, trötthet, ångest, depression och kognitiv påverkan), hälsorelateraThe primary aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of obtaining twice-daily recordings of symptoms, psychological flexibility (PF) and functioning from adults with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). The secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between the most common and burdensome symptoms of SLE (i.e., pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression and cognitive impairment – CI), health r

AI tar oss ett steg närmare en lösning till gåtan bakom flexibla proteiner Proteiner är byggstenarna till det mikroskopiska maskineri som utför i stort sett alla biologiska processer i naturen. När vi vill utveckla läkemedel för att lösa problem som kan uppstå i maskineriet eller bekämpa angripande patogener är förståelse av proteiners 3-dimensionella struktur ovärderlig. Visualisering av proteinThe deep learning revolution has contributed to a great leap in protein structure prediction, but predicting the multiple conformational states that proteins can hold remains an open problem. This thesis approaches this problem through the use of MSA Transformer, a protein language model pre-trained on multiple sequence alignments, that has demonstrated the ability to learn protein properties such

Despite available training in food safety, regular inspections from the authorities and strict laws and regulations, the number of suspected food poisoning is estimated at 500,000 cases per year in Sweden (Norling, 1994). Since the 1990s, there have been discussions about introducing a "mandatory food driver's license" to improve food safety in Sweden. But no such license exists toda

The Nordic country of Sweden portrays itself as a leader in sustainable development and human rights advocacy. However, the expansion of what is portrayed as “green” mining activities in Sami territories creates cumulative pressure on traditional livelihoods like reindeer husbandry, which raises questions about the sustainability narrative. Previous research has focused on Swedish policy documents

Sedan 1999 är det olagligt i Sverige att tillägna sig sexuella tjänster mot ersättning. Kriminaliseringen var en följd av flera statliga utredningar och en del av kvinnofridsreformen. Skyddsintressena sågs vid den här tiden som dubbla, såväl den svagare parten som ofta utnyttjas av köparen som det allmänna nämndes i förarbetena till lagen. Vid utvärderingsutredningen 10 år senare lyftes att det skSince 1999, the purchase of sexual services is illegal in Sweden. The criminalization was a result of several government investigations and a part of the women's integrity reform. It was motivated mainly by two interests: on the one hand the protection of the weaker party, who is often exploited by the buyer, and on the other hand the general public were mentioned in the legislative history. I

Underrättelseverksamhet bedrivs till stor del i syfte att förebygga eller förhindra brott. En vital del av utredningsarbetet är att identifiera och avgränsa potentiella misstänkta. Arbetsmetoden kallas för förutsägande profilering. Metoden förutsätter bearbetning och insamling av uppgifter när misstanken ännu inte kan individualiseras. Sådana uppgifter kan innehålla så kallade känsliga personuppgiIntelligence service is largely conducted by crime prevention agencies. A vital part of the investigation is to identify and delimit potential suspects. The method is called predictive profiling. The method implies processing and collecting information when the suspicion cannot yet be individualized. Such data may contain so called sensitive data. The registration of sensitive data impli-cates a v