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Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are intrinsically able to self-organize into cerebral organoids that mimic features of developing human brain tissue. These three-dimensional structures provide a unique opportunity to generate cytoarchitecture and cell-cell interactions reminiscent of human brain complexity in a dish. However, current in vitro brain organoid methodologies often result in intra
Background: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is known as a potent modulator of the initiation and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation (AF), hence information about ANS activity during AF may improve treatment strategy. Respiratory induced ANS variation in the f-waves of the ECG may provide such information. Objective: This paper proposes a novel approach for improved estimation of such respira
The factors that influence the atherosclerotic disease process in high-risk individuals remain poorly understood. Here, we used a combination of vascular imaging, risk factor assessment, and biomarkers to identify factors associated with 3-year change in carotid disease severity in a cohort of high-risk subjects treated with preventive therapy (n = 865). The results show that changes in intima-med
Purpose: Malignant breast lesions can be distinguished from benign lesions by their mechanical properties. This has been utilized for mechanical imaging in which the stress distribution over the breast is measured. Mechanical imaging has shown the ability to identify benign or normal cases and to reduce the number of false positives from mammography screening. Our aim was to develop a model of mec
Purpose: The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) is a marker of insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction and has the advantage of being universally available. Although recent evidence suggests the TyG index has relevance to respiratory health, there have been no prospective studies assessing its value as a biomarker for chronic lung diseases. We aim to assess the TyG index as a potential ri
Background: Obesity seems to be associated with a poorer response to adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer (BC); however, associations in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) setting and according to menopausal status are less studied. This study aims to investigate the association between pretreatment body mass index (BMI) and pathological complete response (pCR) following NACT in BC according to
AIM: SYT11 and SYT13, two calcium-insensitive synaptotagmins, are downregulated in islets from type-2 diabetic donors, but their function in insulin secretion is unknown. To address this, we investigated the physiological role of these two synaptotagmins in insulin secreting cells.METHODS: Correlations between gene expression levels were performed using previously described RNA-seq data on islets
We compared vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 between December 2021 and March 2022 when Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were the dominating SARS-CoV-2 variants in Scania county, Sweden. Effectiveness remained above 80% after the transition from BA.1 to BA.2 among people with at least three vaccine doses but the point estimate decreased markedly to 54% among those with only two doses. Protection
The molecular mechanisms regulating key fate decisions of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) remain incompletely understood. Here, we targeted global shRNA libraries to primary human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to screen for modifiers of self-renewal and differentiation, and identified metastasis-associated 1 (MTA1) as a negative regulator of human HSPC propagation in vitro. Knock
BACKGROUND Exome sequencing in hundreds of thousands of persons may enable the identification of rare protein-coding genetic variants associated with protection from human diseases like liver cirrhosis, providing a strategy for the discovery of new therapeutic targets. METHODS We performed a multistage exome sequencing and genetic association analysis to identify genes in which rare protein-coding
Based on Marcus theory, the photoinduced electron transfer properties of D-A type non-fullerene acceptor organic solar cells (OSCs) under the dependence of external electric field (Fext) were investigated. The research results shown that the charge transfer mode under different Fext intensities changes with certain regularity. Focusing on the important parameters (ΔG, λ, and VDA) that affect the c
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic bronchitis, emphysema and vascular remodelling. The disease is associated with hypoxia, inflammation and oxidative stress. Lung fibroblasts are important cells in remodelling processes in COPD, as main producers of extracellular matrix proteins but also in synthesis of growth factors and in
BACKGROUND: Women with a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes have a higher risk of coronary heart disease. Emerging evidence suggests that women with a history of preeclampsia have a different pattern of overall coronary atherosclerosis and that they at the time of myocardial infarction (MI) more frequently present with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) compared to women with no such history.OBJEC
We demonstrate, using analytic models, simulations and experiments, that efficient generation of high-order harmonics is possible across a large range of parameters, if the density and medium length follow a hyperbolic equation.
Using Marcus theory, the electric-field-dependent charge-separation dynamics of non-fullerene acceptors D/A heterojunctions are simulated. On the D/A interface, the excited-state characteristics show obvious differences under different electric field intensities, providing microscopic details of the non-fullerene D/A interface at the atomic level. For different electric field conditions, so the ca
To make glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimating equations applicable across populations with different creatinine generation by using rescaled serum creatinine (sCr/Q) where sCr represents the individual creatinine level and Q the average creatinine value in healthy persons of the same population. GFR measurements (mGFR, plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA) were conducted in 964 adult Black European
