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In severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-prolonging treatment, especially among COVID-19 patients. Evaluation of lung injury progression is challenging with current techniques. Diagnostic imaging or invasive diagnostics are risky given the difficulties of intra-hospital transportation, contraindication of biopsies, and the potential
A directional crack growth prediction in a compressed homogenous elastic isotropic material under plane strain conditions is considered. The conditions at the parent crack tip are evaluated for a straight stationary crack. Remote load is a combined biaxial compressive normal stress and pure shear. Crack surfaces are assumed to be frictionless and to remain closed during the kink formation wherefor
177Lu-DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is used clinically to treat metastasized or unresectable neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Although 177Lu-DOTATATE is mostly well tolerated in patients, bone marrow suppression and long-term renal toxicity are still side effects that should be considered. Amino acids are often used to minimize renal radiotoxicity, however, they are associate
Lung cancer represents the leading cause of annual cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for 12.9%. The available treatment options for patients who experience disease progression remain limited. Targeted therapeutic approaches are promising but further understanding of the role of genetic alterations in tumorigenesis is imperative. The MET gene has garnered great interest in this regard. Th
Cities are the pinnacle of human change to the environment, creating unique types of ecosystems which present many challenges to local organisms: habitat fragmentation, introduced species, and various pollutants. Being crucibles of anthropogenic effects, urban ecosystems offer opportunities to understand how humans impact nature. Moreover, since a majority of the world’s population resides in citiCities are the pinnacle of human change to the environment, creating unique types of ecosystems which present many challenges to local organisms: habitat fragmentation, introduced species, and various pollutants. Being crucibles of anthropogenic effects, urban ecosystems offer opportunities to understand how humans impact nature. Moreover, since a majority of the world’s population resides in citi
Understanding the reaction mechanisms involved during the early stage of atomic layer deposition (ALD) of HfO2 on InAs is a key requirement for improving interfaces in III-V semiconductor-based devices. InAs is an excellent candidate to outperform silicon regarding speed and power consumption, and combined with HfO2, it gives promise for a new generation of ultra-fast MOSFETs. However, an improved
Sweden was the first country in the world to introduce rules on transparency in public activities - the principle of public access to official records was introduced as early as 1766 as part of the Freedom of the Press Act of 1766. This legislation, which was unique at the time, has since meant that Sweden has had public access to official records and transparency as the main rule for public activ
Osteoarthritis is one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases and increases the risk of severe cardiovascular disease, like heart attack and stroke. In some individuals, osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease will co-occur. This co-occurrence might be due to shared risk factors, for example high age, lifestyle factors and/or a shared genetic liability for the two diseases. Here, we show tha
The manipulation and focusing of submicron/nanometre-scale objects are becoming increasingly important in the fields of biology, chemistry, and materials science. Acoustofluidics provides for the high throughput and precise manipulation of cells and particles with simple equipment. However, application to submicron/nanoparticles is challenging due to the particle volume dependence of the acoustic
There is a long history of avian studies investigating the impacts of urbanization. While differences in several life-history traits have been documented, either between urban and rural populations or across generalized urbanization gradients, a detailed understanding of which specific environmental variables cause these phenotypic differences is still lacking. Here, we quantified several local en
Objectives: To assess amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) MR imaging capabilities in differentiating high-grade glial tumors across alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX) expression, tumor-suppressor protein p53 expression (p53), O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter (MGMTp) methylation, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status, and proliferation marker Ki-67 (Ki-67 index)
Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that integrate signals from their environment allowing them to direct situation-adapted immunity. Thereby they harbor great potential for being targeted in vaccination, autoimmunity, and cancer. Here, we use fate mapping, functional analyses, and comparative cross-species transcriptomics to show that RORγt+ DCs are a co
The YPEL family genes are highly conserved across a diverse range of eukaryotic organisms and thus potentially involved in essential cellular processes. Ypel4, one of five YPEL family gene orthologs in mouse and human, is highly and specifically expressed in late terminal erythroid differentiation (TED). In this study, we investigated the role of Ypel4 in murine erythropoiesis, providing for the f
Almost all species face some degree of predation risk, and, hence, evolution has produced a plethora of anti-predator defences. However, anti-predator strategies require resources, and the prevailing risk of becoming prey is influenced by many factors and rarely constant across time and space. Evolution has therefore favoured the development of phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator defences. The Almost all species face some degree of predation risk, and, hence, evolution has produced a plethora of anti-predator defences. However, anti-predator strategies require resources, and the prevailing risk of becoming prey is influenced by many factors and rarely constant across time and space. Evolution has therefore favoured the development of phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator defences. The
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) accounts for about 70% of neurodegenerative diseases and is a cause of cognitive decline and death for one-third of seniors. AD is currently underdiagnosed, and it cannot be effectively prevented. Aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) proteins has been linked to the development of AD, and it has been established that, under pathological conditions, Aβ proteins undergo structural c
The town of Blera is situated in the southern parts of Etruria and has a history spanning more than 2,500 years. Its location between the two important Etruscan cities of Tarquinii and Caere has meant that Blera, for the entire Etruscan period (c. 750–50 BC), alternatively has found itself in either city’s sphere of interest. When Rome begins her expansion into Etruria, following the fall of the s
Selenium has been suggested to be protective regarding breast cancer risk but no overall effect has been established. Genetics may modify the effect. This study compares the effect of selenium exposure on breast cancer risk between women with different alleles in single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The Malmö Cancer and Diet Study, a cohort including 17,035 women and >25 years of follow-up on b
Differences by sex in lung cancer incidence and mortality have been reported which cannot be fully explained by sex differences in smoking behavior, implying existence of genetic and molecular basis for sex disparity in lung cancer development. However, the information about sex dimorphism in lung cancer risk is quite limited despite the great success in lung cancer association studies. By adoptin
