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Despite many reports of putative stem-cell-based treatments in genetic and degenerative disorders or severe injuries, the number of proven stem cell therapies has remained small. In this Review, we survey advances in stem cell research and describe the cell types that are currently being used in the clinic or are close to clinical trials. Finally, we analyse the scientific rationale, experimental
Background. Diabetes may be linked to incidence of different tumor diseases and prognosis through various mechanisms such as the disease itself, hyperglycemia, obesity and anti-diabetes therapy. Material and methods. The study includes all women with BC diagnosed in Sweden between 2000 through 2008 (n=54406). The women had no previous cancer diagnosis during the period of 1958-1999. Dates of birth
Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) is a mediator complex-associated transcriptional regulator that acts depending on context and cell type. While primarily under investigation as potential cancer therapeutics, some inhibitors of CDK8—and its paralog CDK19—have been reported to affect the osteoblast lineage and bone formation. This study investigated the effects of two selective CDK8/19 inhibitors on
BACKGROUND: Despite absence of evidence of a clinical benefit of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM), many surgeons claim that subgroups of patients benefit from APM.OBJECTIVE: We developed a prognostic model predicting change in patient-reported outcome 1 year following arthroscopic meniscal surgery to identify such subgroups.METHODS: We included 641 patients (age 48.7 years (SD 13), 56% men)
CONTEXT: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the backbone of treatment for advanced prostate cancer. However, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) nearly invariably develops through a range of different molecular mechanisms accompanied by progression to a more aggressive phenotype.OBJECTIVE: To understand the key molecular mechanisms leading to CRPC and the functional implications of this
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to enhance the thermal performance in the labyrinth channel by different ribs shape. The labyrinth channel is a relatively new cooling structure to decrease the temperature near the trailing region of gas turbine. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the geometric similarity, a simplified geometric model is used. The k − ω turbulence model is used to close th
Low dimensional perovskite-inspired materials with self-tapped exciton (STE) emission have stimulated a surge of cutting-edge research in optoelectronics. Despite numerous efforts on developing versatile low-dimensional perovskite-inspired materials with efficient STE emissions, there is little emphasis on the intrinsic dynamics of STE-based broad emission in these materials. Here, we investigated
The impact of Parkinson's disease (PD) on workforce participation has received little attention even though demographic, lifestyle, and political changes together will result in an increased burden of PD on the working-age population. In this study, we investigate workforce survival after a PD diagnosis, as well as what demographic factors that are associated with workforce survival. As an explora
Aims/hypothesisPPARGC1A encodes peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α), a central regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. A common polymorphism in PPARGC1A (rs8192678, C/T, Gly482Ser) has been associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders, but no published functional studies have investigated direct allele-specific effects in adipocyte bi
Interactions of lipid vesicles play important roles in a large variety of functions and dysfunctions in the human body. Vital for several biochemical functions is the interaction between monomeric proteins and lipid membranes, and the induced phenomena such as fusion between vesicles and cell membranes, lipid exchange between the membranes, or vesicle fission. Identification of single events and t
Many businesses still put too much focus on manufacturing, marketing and sales without considering the inter-linkages amongst these elements. This paper shows the importance of including packaging logistics and supply chain management in strategic planning. By integrating these aspects, retailers and suppliers may reduce costs, environmental impact and increase profits. A case study at IKEA is use
Even though language proficiency in children is strongly related to success in almost all domains, neurocognitive studies of L2 processing are typically limited to adults with several years of exposure, who may use general cognitive mechanisms to compensate for any difficulties in L2 processing. For example, whereas previous studies of adult bilinguals have reported differences in the anterior neg
During the past decade, production of products has increasingly been relocated to countries outside the western industrialised area, while consumption of the same products in the west has increased to a considerable extent. Implementation of national policies for limiting the environmental and health impacts of production has encountered a number of difficulties as a result. Policy instruments, no
