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Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) are secreted by the prostate into seminal plasma and through leakage into blood. This leakage increases rapidly in prostate disease, and PSA is used worldwide as a marker of prostate cancer. PSA is activated in vitro by hK2, and cleaves the semenogelins in semen, which releases motile sperm, and low levels of PSA have been asso
Variable temperature photoemission studies in the literature have revealed the presence of a surface state above the Fermi level on clean Ge(001). We present photoemission and low energy electron diffraction results from Ge(001) obtained between 185 and 760 K. Our measurements show a peak above the Fermi level with a maximum intensity at a sample temperature of around 625 K. At higher temperatures
Context. Open clusters are key tools to study the spatial distribution of abundances in the disk and their evolution with time. Aims. Using the first release of stellar parameters and abundances of the Gaia-ESO Survey, we analyse the chemical properties of stars in three old/intermediate-age open clusters, namely NGC 6705, NGC 4815, and Trumpler 20, which are all located in the inner part of the G
Atmospheric N deposition is known to severely impact forest ecosystem functioning by influencing soil biogeochemistry and nutrient balance, and consequently tree growth and overall forest health and biodiversity. Moreover, because climate greatly influences soil processes, climate change and atmospheric N deposition must both be taken into account when analysing the evolution of forest ecosystem s
Background: In squamous cell vulvar cancer, sentinel node biopsy is accepted as standard treatment in well-defined patient groups and has reduced surgical morbidity considerably. Currently, due to the lack of evidence, it cannot be offered to patients with tumors of 4 cm diameter or greater or with multifocal tumors, or in local recurrences. Primary objective: This study is primarily a pilot and f
Precision agriculture and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are revolutionizing agriculture management methods. Remote sensing data, image analysis and Digital Surface Models derived from Structure from Motion and Multi-View Stereopsis offer new and fast methods to detect the needs of crops, greatly improving crops efficiency. In this study, we present a tool to detect and estimate crop damage after
Pre-school age (3–5 years) children are vulnerable to malnutrition due to poor dietary intake, dietary habits, and socio-economic conditions. Children from marginalized families are more vulnerable than non-marginalized families due to limited access to health- and nutrition-related services, besides other socio-economic factors. This study was done to assess the dietary intakes, patterns, and det
Background: The risk of dementia is increased in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Objective: To study relevant co-morbidities and incident dementia (vascular dementia, Alzheimers disease, other dementia and all dementia) in AF patients. Methods: All adults (n = 537,513) ≥45 years diagnosed with AF in hospitals in Sweden 1998–2012 were included. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard rat
The overall aim of the thesis is to investigate the knowledge problem in regional public transport planning. The knowledge problem is twofold. How do transport policy arrive at the desirable actions they take and how do they assess the alternatives, and what can we say about the contributions of already implemented transport schemes. Paper 1 explores how policy objectives in regional public transp
Background: User involvement of people outside academia in research is argued to increase relevance of research for society and to empower the involved lay persons. Frail older people can be a hard to reach group for research and thus an underrepresented group in research. There is a lack of knowledge how collaboration with frail older people should be best performed. Therefore, the aim of this st
The carbon cycle of the terrestrial biosphere plays a vital role in controlling the global carbon balance and, consequently, climate change. Reliably modeled CO2 fluxes between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere are necessary in projections of policy strategies aiming at constraining carbon emissions and of future climate change. In this study, SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) L3
Although intimate partner violence is far from a new problem in society, it has lately gained increased attention both by governments and by the research community. In 2007, the Swedish government issued an action plan for “combating men’s violence against women, violence and oppression in the name of honour and violence in same-sex relationships” (2007/08:39), which included a call for increased
AbstractThe overall aim of this thesis was threefold; first, to explore resources associated with work-life balance (WLB), with a focus on the work and private lives of human service employees. Second, to develop a workplace health promotion (WHP) intervention with a WLB focus. Third, to explore the participants’ experiences of the developed WHP intervention done in the workplace. A mixed method a
Premise of research. A major aim in plant research is to understand the micro-and macroevolutionary processes generating the great diversity of mating systems and floral traits found in flowering plants. Using Collinsia heterophylla, a mixed-mating species in a genus with described variation in selfing rate and associated floral traits among species, we investigated (i) intraspecific selfing rate
Semiconductor nanowire arrays have been identified as a promising platform for future light emitting diodes (LEDs), for example, due to the materials science freedom of combining lattice-mismatched materials in them. Furthermore, the emission of light from nanowires can be tailored by designing their geometry. Such tailoring could optimize the emission of light to the top side as well as enhance t
A phenomenological model for simulating the photoplethysmogram (PPG) during atrial fibrillation (AF) is proposed. The simulated PPG is solely based on RR interval information, and, therefore, any annotated ECG database can be used to model sinus rhythm, AF, or rhythms with premature beats. A PPG pulse is modeled by a linear combination of a log-normal and two Gaussian waveforms. The model PPG is o
In this study, we assess how the Scania Green Score (SGS5), and the five distinct perceived neighbourhood green dimensions within this area-aggregated index (1 km2 squares), is associated with self-reported physical activity and general health, and if perceived safety and social coherence has a moderating effect. Two independent surveys, both conducted in Scania, Sweden, was used for data on SGS5
When on September 15, 2008 the financial conglomerate Lehman Brothers files for bankruptcy – and with that ‘officially’ sparks off the international financial crisis – few would have anticipated the invasive effect this crisis would come to have on the professional and personal lives of many across the world. Today, this implosion remains a mere ‘blip’ in the universe of events that ensued. On c
BACKGROUND: Laparoscopy has now been implemented as a standard of care for elective colonic resection around the world. During the adoption period, studies showed that conversion may be detrimental to patients, with poorer outcomes than both laparoscopic completed or planned open surgery. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether laparoscopic conversion was associated with a higher ma
Increasing exports of Fe and DOC from soils, causing browning of freshwaters, have been reported in recent decades in many regions of the northern hemisphere. Afforestation, and in particular an increase of Norway spruce forest in certain regions, is suggested as a driver behind these trends in water chemistry. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the gradual accumulation of organic soil l
