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Corporal punishment of children is a widespread practice across the world. The implications of such violence consist of both physical and mental injuries and children are very vulnerable to such treatment. The Convention on the Rights of the Child was put into place, by States from all across the world, for the purpose of granting children a better protection in society. Today, all but two States
The realisation of the inner market meant that all border controls between the Member States of the European Community were to disappear, so that the four freedoms, workers, capital, services and goods, could cross the borders without problems. But in order to keep the security in a Community with no borders, the external border controls had to be strengthened. This was necessary to keep out drugs
I uppsatsen belyses rättsfrågor gällande skeppsvrak med fokus på övergivna och farliga vrak. Uppsatsen antar ett de lege ferenda perspektiv på lagstiftning angående juridiskt ansvar för vrak, ansvar för bortskaffande av vrak samt förebyggande av marin miljöförstöring. Övergivna vrak kan försvåra navigering och utgöra miljöfara, och övergivna vrak kan utgöra stora problem för en mängd olika aktöreThis thesis discusses legal problems in relation to shipwrecks, with focus on dangerous and abandoned wrecks, and takes a de lege ferenda perspective on regulations regarding wreck liability, responsibility for wreck removal and prevention of pollution on the marine environment. Abandoned wrecks may obstruct navigation and pose hazard to the marine environment. Moreover, wrecks create a wide rang
Phenological observations of terrestrial ecosystems are useful in monitoring the changes in the local climate due to their relatively long time series and high temporal resolution. However performing field based phenological observations can be a labour intensive and time consuming process. Using satellite-based remotely sensed data can make the process much more efficient. Although the satellites
This thesis presents a simulation-driven methodology for evaluating float design in aseptic filling machines, with the objective of reducing surface instabilities and air entrainment that contribute to splashing during the filling of viscous food products. The study was conducted in collaboration with Tetra Pak and focuses on understanding how float geometry, particularly mass and radius, affects
This study investigates deep learning approaches for automated land use classification from high-resolution remote sensing imagery, comparing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Vision Transformer (ViT) architectures. Eight semantic segmentation models were evaluated on the HRSCD dataset containing 291 aerial image pairs (0.5m resolution) with four land use classes: building, agricultural, fore
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) accounts for most ovarian cancer deaths, due to it often being diagnosed at late stages (III and IV). However, there is currently no early screening method sufficient for improving survival rates. HGSC primarily harbors structural variants, typically copy number (CN) aberrations caused by homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). CN can be calculated based on re
Due to the intensifying impacts of climate change, accurate estimation of global carbon stocks is crucial, with aboveground vegetation biomass representing a significant carbon reservoir. Savannahs, which cover approximately 50% of the African continent, play a vital role in carbon storage, as trees within these ecosystems contribute substantially to the continent’s total carbon stocks. Estimating
Väderprognoser är av stor betydelse för till exempel flygrutter, militära operationer och sjöfart. Flera organisationer tillhandahåller numera inte bara sina väderprognoser öppet, utan delar även med sig av sina prognosdata för nedladdning. Teknisk utveckling och ett större utbud av öppna data möjliggör användning av väder- och prognosdata för både privata och kommersiella ändamål. Egna programmerWeather forecasts are of great significance for instance in planning flight routes, military operations, and seafare. Many organizations today openly provide, not only their forecasts, but their raw data as well. Technological development and a greater availability of open data ensures that both weather- and forecast data can be used for both private and commercial purposes. However, customized ap
Denna uppsats har undersökt rättssäkerhetsaspekterna vid separation av barn och unga i Statens institutionsstyrelses (SiS) särskilda ungdomshem, med särskilt fokus på personalens utbildningsnivå samt tillsynens effektivitet. Genom en rättsdogmatisk analys har det konstaterats att separation utgör en ingripande tvångsåtgärd med betydande konsekvenser för den unges fri- och rättigheter. Trots att lThis paper has examined the legal certainty aspects of the separation of children and young people in SiS special youth homes, with a particular focus on the level of education of the staff and the effectiveness of supervision. Through a legal dogmatic analysis, it has been established that separation constitutes an intrusive coercive measure that has significant consequences for the young person&
Sverige var under flera år ett av få länder i Norden som inte hade någon möjlighet att garantera ett vittne anonymitet under rättsprocessen. Den 1 januari 2025 trädde emellertid den omdebatterade lagen (2024:1180) om anonyma vittnen i brottmål i kraft. Genom lagen infördes ett system som innebär att ett vittne under vissa förutsättningar kan höras anonymt under en förundersökning och rättegång i bFor several years, Sweden was one of the few countries in the Nordic region that had no way of guaranteeing a witness anonymity during a legal process. However, on January 1, 2025, the much-debated Act (2024:1180) on Anonymous Witnesses in Criminal Cases entered into force. The Act introduced a system according to which a witness, under certain conditions, can be heard anonymously during a prelimi
Vägar till Reform: Hur Transport Hittade Sin Väg in i EU:s Koldioxidmarknad EU:s utsläppshandelssystem har länge undvikit att inkludera vägtransport, trots att den står för en betydande del av Europas koldioxidutsläpp. Detta är förvånande, eftersom klimatkrisen kräver insatser från alla sektorer. Mitt masterarbete undersöker varför vägtransporten ursprungligen exkluderades, vilka utmaningar det This thesis examines why road transport was initially excluded from the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and what factors contributed to its later inclusion in the EU ETS 2. This thesis will examine how environmental, economic, and political factors contributed to the shift in policy through the lens of the theories of liberal Intergovernmentalism (LI) and neofunctionalism. The research uses a
Background: The European Union (EU) AI Act (AIA) aims to facilitate trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, especially for safety-critical use cases. Compliance with this new regulation entails a multitude of legal, technical, and organizational challenges for the providers of affected systems.Objective: This regulatory compliance engineering research aims for an empirical exploration an
The European Association of Urology (EAU) 2021 prognostic model for non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is based on the World Health Organization (WHO) 1973 and/or WHO 2004/2022 grading systems for patients who did not receive bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillations and is widely used to assess the risk of progression. The estimated risk of progression affects the type of adjuvant intr
Problembeskrivning: Efterfrågan och tillgången på hälsosamma måltidslösningar har ökat stadigt de senaste åren och inget tyder på att det är en trend som kommer ändras inom snar framtid. Livsmedelsbranschen är i ständig utveckling och marknaden för hälsosamma måltidslösningar on the go sparar mycket tid för konsumenter. Utmaningen med att använda sig av kikärtor som huvudingrediens är att mProblem description: The demand and supply of healthy meal solutions has increased steadily in recent years and there is no indication that this is a trend that will change in the near future. The food industry is constantly evolving and the market for healthy meal solutions on the go saves a lot of time for consumers. The challenge with using chickpeas as the main Ingredient is that you want to g
Syftet med detta examensarbete är att vidga min förståelse för färg som skapande verktyg av arkitektur i rumslighet. Studien fokuserar på olika rumsliga fenomen som kan uppkomma beroende på hur färg samspelar med objekt, ytor och rumslighet. Parallellt med detta identifieras olika verktyg och praktiseras sedan i syfte att hitta sätt för färg att vara med i den tidiga designprocessen. För att samlaThe purpose of this thesis is to broaden my understanding of color as a creative tool of architecture in spatiality. The study will focus on different spatial phenomenons that can arise depending on how color interacts with objects, surfaces and spatiality. Parallel to this, different tools will be identified and then practiced in order to find ways for color to be included in the early design pro
This thesis presents the first attempt to estimate Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) in inland waters over a large-scale area using satellite data and machine learning (ML) methods. Four ML approaches, namely Random Forest Regression (RFR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), and a Multilayer Backpropagation Neural Network (MBPNN) were tested to retrieve DOC using a fi
Vid en historisk översikt av den Europeiska historien från 1900-talets början och framåt kan man se att kvinnor setts av det europeiska samhället som framförallt mödrar som skall ta hand om hemmet. Detta har visat sig genom samhällets, och Europadomstolens diskurs. Från det att kvinnor lämnade hemmet och började deltidsarbeta, och senare heltidsarbeta, så har denna syn succesivt förändrats. Vid tAt an historical overview of the European history, from the start of the 20th century and onward, one can see that the European society’s view of women have been that of the mother and the homemaker. This has been shown through the discourse of the society and the European Court of Justice. Since women left their homes and started working part-time, and later full-time, this view has change bit by
Problem Statement Thule is the world leading developer and manufacturer of transportation solutions. Their company strategy is to enable active families, professionals and outdoor enthusiasts to transport equipment by vehicle safely, easily and in style. RV users of today have higher demands on their equipment and they fill their cars with every type of conveniences found in a modern home. With
Den svenska rätten känner inget kollektivt straffansvar. Något som kan ses som ett avsteg från denna princip är den del av medverkansläran som kallas medgärningsmannaskap och då framförallt den variant som brukar kallas utvidgat medgärningsmannaskap. Medgärningsmannaskapet innebär att två eller flera personer döms som gärningsmän för att ha begått ett brott, tillsammans och i samförstånd eller gemThis thesis concerns the procedural aspect of the legal construction of joint perpetratorship. Joint perpetratorship is a part of the legal doctrine of complicity and applies when two or more persons together commit a criminal offence. According to this legal construction they can both be charged and sentenced as perpetrators if they were in agreement about committing the offence. This thesis sets
