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We compare Value at Risk estimates from an AR(1)-GARCH(1,1) model with t- or normally distributed innovations, to estimates from an AR(1)-GARCH(1,1) model where the Peak-Over-Threshold method is applied to the tails of the innovations. Using the Christoffersen backtest, we find that the performance of the second type of model is superior to the first, particularly at high confidence levels for the

This thesis investigates what kind of inequality the world is concerned about today and compares traditional and new measures of inequality to see how these measures relate to current views on fairness and justice. The analysis is based on different theories of justice and measurement princi- ples, and the relationship between each measure and the theory is investigated. Latin America and the

In the context of a global surge in attention towards reducing neonatal mortality in developing countries, this study explores how mothers in the Southern Province of Zambia describe their behavior to prevent and care for neonatal illnesses, and how this behavior is related to their beliefs on neonatal illness causation. Using an anthropological approach that is based on Kleinman’s (1980) local He

The area of distributed development is often said to be troublesome with different problems making the work harder. The aim of this study has been to identify work practices that can make distributed development more successful. A case study approach has been used to identify successful practices. Interviews were used as the primary method for data collection. To get a wide view of the area, the i

Constitutional monarchy offers Iran a politically stable and culturally resonant alternative to partisan republicanism. Grounded in both empirical research and philosophical tradition, it combines symbolic authority with institutional continuity, enabling national unity without authoritarianism. Monarchs function as neutral anchors above political conflict, often at lower public cost and with grea

By using the Private Equity Intelligence Ltd database, including more than 3300 private equity funds with IRR data and several fund characteristics, I develop a regression model based on both continuously scaled explanatory variables - vintage year, fund size and market returns - as well as three sets of dummy variables - GP location (US or Non-US), fund type (7 different types) and market conditi

The aim of this paper is to investigate the forms, significance and effects of elite identity constructions in four consulting firms based in the UK and Sweden. The paper examines a range of strategic and symbolic mechanisms that were used by the senior members and other actors of these firms to construct an elite organizational identity. In terms of general effects, an elite social identity was f

The finely-tuned increases and decreases in the intracellular calcium levels in myocytes ultimately regulate the contraction and relaxation of the heart. Therapeutic agents can improve or interfere with this delicate balance. Calcium sensitizers enhance cardiac contraction by improving the use of calcium that is available, rather than by inundating the cell with excessive calcium, as is the case w