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The extinction paradox states that a perfectly electric conducting target which is large compared to the wavelength removes from the incident radiation exactly twice the amount of power it can intercept by its geometrical cross section area. In this paper, the extinction paradox is generalized to include temporally dispersive material parameters with finite values of the permittivity and the perme

Volcanic eruptions contribute to climate variability, but quantifying these contributions has been limited by inconsistencies in the timing of atmospheric volcanic aerosol loading determined from ice cores and subsequent cooling from climate proxies such as tree rings. Here we resolve these inconsistencies and show that large eruptions in the tropics and high latitudes were primary drivers of inte

The oxygen-atom transfer reaction catalyzed by the mononuclear molybdenum enzyme dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (DMSOR) has attracted considerable attention through both experimental and theoretical studies. We show here that this reaction is more sensitive to details of quantum mechanical calculations than what has previously been appreciated Basis sets of at least triple-zeta quality are needed to

The weighted Weiss conjecture states that the system theoretic property of weighted admissibility can be characterized by a resolvent growth condition. For positive weights, it is known that the conjecture is true if the system is governed by a normal operator; however, the conjecture fails if the system operator is the unilateral shift on the Hardy space (discrete time) or the right-shift semigro

AIM To study the value and reliability of an examination of neurological soft-signs, often used in Sweden, in the assessment of children with attentiondeficit– hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), by examining children with and without ADHD, as diagnosed by an experienced clinician using the DSM-III-R. METHOD We have examined interrater reliability (26males, nine females; age range 5y 6mo–11y), internal

L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is a major problem in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Today there are few anti-dyskinetic treatments available for the patients, and all of them have major limitations. Recent findings have revealed an important role of the serotonin system in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. In the parkinsonian brain, serotonin axon terminals can compensate for the dopamine loss by conve

The current state-of-the-art presents a multiplicity of evacuation models for simulating emergency scenarios. Each model involves different methodological solutions to represent the same process and each one has its strengths and limitations. In addition, they have their own specific features and often practitioners do not have a thorough understanding of the variables that could be input into the

In Europe, 6,000 young people die of cancer yearly, the commonest disease causing death beyond the age of 1 year. In addition, 300,000-500,000 European citizens are survivors of a childhood cancer and up to 30% of them have severe long-term sequelae of their treatment. Increasing both cure and quality of cure are the two goals of the European paediatric haematology/oncology community. SIOPE coordi

This commentary discusses the role of increasingly artificial intelligence-infused big tech platforms in facilitating and normalising high-emission lifestyles and consumption practices. It introduces the notion of algorithmically facilitated emissions to initiate a shift from a logic of ‘climate collapse by design’ to a logic of ‘emissions reduction by design’. Reducing consumption-based emissions

The maximum drawdown of a stochastic process is the largest peak-to-troughdecline observed over a given horizon [0, T]. Using arguments from extremevalue theory, we derive the limiting distribution of the maximum drawdown fora Brownian motion with positive drift as T → ∞. We show that, after suitablecentering and scaling, the maximum drawdown converges in distribution to theGumbel law.

OBJECTIVES: The Sepsis-3 definition states the clinical criteria for sepsis but lacks clear definitions of the underlying infection. To address the lack of applicable definitions of infection for sepsis research, we propose new criteria, termed the Linder-Mellhammar criteria of infection (LMCI). The aim of this study was to validate these new infection criteria.DESIGN: A multicenter cohort study o

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next-generation observatory in the field of very-high-energy (20 GeV to 300 TeV) gamma-ray astroparticle physics. The traditional approach to data analysis in this field is to apply quality cuts, optimized using Monte Carlo simulations, on the data acquired to maximize sensitivity. Subsequent steps of the analysis typically use the surviving events t

The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is the next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory currently under construction. It will improve over the current generation of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) by a factor of five to ten in sensitivity and it will be able to observe the whole sky from a combination of two sites: a northern site in La Palma, Spain, and a south

The unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity has long been elusive. Only recently have empirical predictions of various possible theories of quantum gravity been put to test, where a clear signal of quantum properties of gravity is still missing. The dawn of multi-messenger high-energy astrophysics has been tremendously beneficial, as it allows us to study particles with much higher

The dissertation Deductionis coloniarum rationes & causae, submitted at Uppsala University in 1668 under the presidency of Johannes Schefferus, appears to be the firstcontribution to the Swedish discourse on the subject of colonisation and colonialism. In this paper, a translation of the text is presented with a commentary and a list of sources. In an introduction to the translation, which dis

A central challenge in linguistics pertains to understanding how the polished, static form of a written text emerges from the messy, moment-by-moment decisions of the writer. While the structures of finished texts have been extensively theorized, and the real-time cognitive processes of writing have been widely studied, the relationship between these real-time processes and the functional linguist

This article analyzes the effects of self-balancing in multiactive bridge converters. Therefore, it proposes a time-domain approach to model the dynamics of multiwinding transformer-based multilevel dc/dc converter, including self-balancing. In previous research, multiwinding transformers have been modeled using average-based power transfer models. These models, while simple, have no direct intuit