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Accurately predicting terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate change over long-timescales is crucial for addressing global challenges. This relies on mechanistic modeling of ecosystem processes through land surface models (LSMs). Despite their importance, LSMs face significant uncertainties due to poorly constrained parameters, especially in carbon cycle predictions. This paper reviews the prog
Background: The impact of surgical specialization on long-term survival in patients undergoing emergent colon cancer resections remains unclear. Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted on all patients who underwent emergent colon cancer resections at a secondary care hospital between 2010 and 2020. The most senior surgeon performing the procedures was classified as colorectal surgeon (CS) o
Star clusters stand at the crossroads between galaxies and single stars. Resolving the formation of star clusters in cosmological simulations represents an ambitious and challenging goal, since modelling their internal properties requires very high resolution. This paper is the third of a series within the SImulating the Environment where Globular clusters Emerged (SIEGE) project, where we conduct
Evidence from neuropathological cohorts indicates that a CSF α-synuclein (α-syn) seed amplification assay (SAA) might provide quantitative kinetic parameters correlating with α-syn pathology burden in patients with Lewy body disease (LBD). Studies are needed to assess their longitudinal trend during the presymptomatic and clinical disease phases and their correlation with measures of disease progr
Haro 11 is a metal-poor, starburst galaxy believed to be the result of an ongoing merger, which is shaping the properties of the galaxy. In this study, we carry out a large suite of numerical simulations of a merger between two disc galaxies, to study possible origins of Haro 11 and understand under which conditions various features of the galaxy are formed. By varying galaxy parameters describing
Objective To examine hospital discharge practices, including clinical and laboratory assessments, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) following their first hospitalisation for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and to explore the association of these practices with adverse events, defined as hospital readmission, emergency department visits and mortality. Design Retrospective cohort study.
We simulate hadrons impinging on a homogeneous lead tungstate ((Formula presented.)) calorimeter using GEANT4 software to investigate how the resulting light yield and its temporal structure, as detected by an array of light-sensitive sensors, can be processed by a neuromorphic computing system. Our model encodes temporal photon distributions as spike trains and employs a fully connected spiking n
Urban water systems are facing growing challenges, including climate change and aging assets. Digital transformation presents opportunities to address these issues. However, water utilities often encounter barriers such as fragmented initiatives, organizational inertia, and lack of systems interoperability, limiting the scalability and impact of digitalization efforts. This paper presents a strate
Metastable nonradiative centers (supertraps) are significant energy loss channels in perovskite optoelectronic devices. In their active state, supertraps induce substantial energy loss through nonradiative recombination of free charge carriers. Transitions between active (energy loss) and passive (no energy loss) states result in photoluminescence (PL) blinking on timescales from milliseconds to s
Purpose To evade immunosurveillance many cancers convert tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn), which induces immunotolerance and suppresses immune responses. Elevated Kyn amounts have been found in blood from patients with cutaneous melanoma. This study aimed to investigate whether higher Kyn abundance and lower Trp abundance can be detected on the surface of cutaneous melanoma lesions compared
Background Recent decades have witnessed tangible improvements in childhood cancer survival. However, the prognosis for children with congenital heart disease (CHD), the most prevalent birth defect, remains unclear. Due to improved survival of CHD and childhood cancer, evaluating outcomes within this intersection is important for clinical practice. We aimed to assess mortality post-cancer diagnosi
Ensuring functional safety is crucial for the deployment of autonomous systems in real-life dynamic environments, as they must operate reliably and safely among humans. However, existing safety systems are designed with a closed-world assumption and can over-constrain the system by shutting down the robot at every safety violation, limiting the robot’s ability to complete its tasks. To address thi
Populations are presumed to be adapted to local environmental conditions via natural selection, with gene flow breaking up local adaptations. In birds, various aspects of feathers may reflect local adaptation. For example, the insulation capacity of feathers could be greater in colder regions, while colour variation may also play a role in adapting to local environmental conditions since darker fe
Background: Associations between high physical activity (PA) levels and incident atrial fibrillation (AF) is found in some earlier studies. We aim to study the association between levels of PA and AF in two cohorts. Methods: We used data from the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM) study, initiated in 1970, included men aged 50 years, with 2202 included in the study. Examinations were
Marketing and consumer research predominantly conceptualize inclusion and exclusion as dichotomous or merely coexisting, leaving their relationship undertheorized. This paper explores their dialectical interplay in market interactions through the experiences of migrant consumers. Drawing on Relational Dialectics Theory, we employ a contrapuntal methodological approach that integrates a semantic ne
Several African countries, mainly the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, and Uganda, are facing highly transmissible mpox clade Ib epidemics, prompting the World Health Organization to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. It has spread to key travel hubs like Kinshasa, Bujumbura, and Kampala, increasing international spread risks. Current mitigation efforts focus mainly
The identification of biomarkers predicting the burden of brain alpha-synuclein (α-syn) pathology in vivo represents a research priority in Lewy body disease (LBD). Recently, some kinetic parameters of seed amplification assays (SAAs) for α-syn showed associations with measures of clinical progression. However, preanalytical and analytical factors significantly affect these parameters, reducing re
